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Extra Credit Questions 1. Which branch of government interprets laws? 2. Which branch of government carry out (enforce) laws? 3. Which branch of government passes laws? <<<CNN QUESITIONS BY THE DOOR>>> U.S. Constitution “Blueprint for government” System of Government in U.S. FEDERALISM power is shared between Federal, State & local governments LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT FEDERAL Washington D.C. STATE Madison, WI LOCAL Chippewa Falls <<<You Must absolutely know this information>>> 1. What are the three levels of government associated with federalism? (Federal, State, & Local) 2. What Amendment in the Bill of Rights (1st ten Amendments) reserves powers for the states? (10th Amendment) 3. What are the three parts to the constitution? Preamble Articles (7 Sections) Amendments (27) 4. Which branch of government interprets laws? Judicial 5. Which branch of government makes laws? Legislative 6. Which branch of government enforces laws? Executive Six Basic Principles of Governing Framers wanted to divide, distribute & balance government Power. (PS)- Popular Sovereignty -power comes from the people! -How? VOTING (LG)- Limited Government -rule of law -Everyone subject to the same laws (SP)- Separation of Powers Legislative Branch/Congress Executive Branch /President Judicial Branch/Supreme Court (CB)- Checks & Balances Each branch has checks on the other (JR)- Judicial Review -power to determine if a law or other government action is unconstitutional Federalism -governments power is divide between Federal and State governments -10th Amendment was passed in order to clarify those powers that belong to the federal government and those that belong to state governments U.S. CONSTITUTION BALANCE OF POWER LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE Article I EXECUTIVE Article II JUDICIAL Article III STATE HOUSE OF REP. PRESIDENT SUPREME COURT SENATE VICE PRESIDENT LOCAL DIVISIONS OF POWER FEDERALISM power shared between Federal, State & local governments FEDERAL COURTS CABINET STATE COURTS CHECKS AND BALANCES Checks and Balances -Congress approves President’s Nominations & controls the $ budget -Courts can declare Presidential acts unconstitutional -Can pass laws over Pres. Veto -Can impeach and remove Pres. From office Executive Branch -Veto laws passed by Congress -Nominates Judges -Courts can declare laws unconstitutional -Senate confirms Presidents Nominations -Congress can impeach and remove judges from office Legislative Branch Judicial Branch WATERGATE SCANDAL It proved that the system of Checks and Balances Worked When? What? June 17, 1972 Republican committee to reelect Richard (Tricky Dick) Nixon’s people paid burglars to brake into Watergate Hotel to steal campaign secrets from Democrats Supreme Court rules the White Senate Watergate Committee finds out there are tapes that prove Nixon was involved in cover up. THEY DEMAND TAPES! House belongs to the people; the tapes in WH must be turned over to Legislative Branch (Congress). -Nixon claims executive privilege -gives transcripts to Congress (missing some parts) Something is fishy Congress asks Supreme Court to rule on who owns the tapes in Oval Office Nixon Resigns Review Questions 1. What Article deals with the Judicial Branch? 2. What Article deals with the legislative Branch? 3. Which Amendment reserves power to the States? 4. What are the three main parts of the Constitution? 5. How many Amendments are there in the U.S. Constitution? 6. BONUS: A person’s right to a trial is called what? Federalism: A fragile balance Federalism -Powers of government distributed between the Federal and State (local) governments. Dilemma (problem) -Federal government needs sufficient power to be effective -must avoid infringing on state’s rights Federal Powers can be expanded -Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 ”Elastic Clause” -it stretches Congress’ Power Article VI-Supremacy Clause -It means when state laws conflict with national laws, the national laws are superior. State’s Power -10th Amendment-Reserved Powers -What ever powers not specifically given to the national government are reserved to the states -Education, transportation, marriage, running elections Same Sex Marriage: An example of why Federalism can be controversial What if a state passes a law that states: “Marriage is between a man and a women?” 10th Amendment What Amendment says they can do this? Currently, 25 states have a law against same sex marriage. The state of Massachusetts passed a state law allowing same sex couples the right to marry What Amendment says they can do this? 10th Amendment Congress passed DOMA in 1996 stating that marriage is between a man and a women (That is federal law Article VI) Aug. 2010, A Federal judge has ruled that same sex marriage ban in California is unconstitutional because they say it violates the 14th Amendment to the Constitution ARTICLE I, SECTION 8, CLAUSE 18 The Congress shall have power …To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. ARTICLE VI, "Constitution, and the Laws of the United States … shall be the supreme Law of the Land." 10TH AMENDMENT The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. 14th Amendment “no state shall…deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”