Download AP 7A Test Review

AP Psychology – Chapter 7A
Memory (Persistence of learning over time
through storage and retrieval of information.)
Information Processing
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Working memory
Magic Number Seven (+/- 2)
Parallel processing
Automatic processing
Space
Time
Frequency
Well-Learned information
Effortful processing
Rehearsal
Spacing effect
Massed Practice (Cramming)
Distributed Practice (over time)
Serial position effect
Recency Effect
Primacy Effect
Visual processing
Acoustic encoding
Sematic encoding
Imagery
Mnemonics
Chunking
Hierarchies
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
Long-term potentiation (LTP)
Aplysia
CREB (protein/genes)
Glutamate (neurotransmitter)
Stress and memory
Flashbulb memory
Amnesia
H.M.
Implicit memory (non-declarative)
cerebellum
Explicit memory (declarative)
Hippocampus
Left damage/verbal
Right damage/visual
Recall (fill in the blank)
Recognition (multiple choice)
Relearning (repetition increases)
Infantile Amnesia
Retrieval Cues
Priming (activating)
Context Effects
Déjà vu
Mood congruent memory
Forgetting
A.J. (Jill Price)
Seven Sins of Memory Failure (Schacter)
(LOOK! How many are there?)
Three Sins of Forgetting
Absent-mindedness (less detail)
Transience (decay)
Blocking (retrieval failure)
Three Sins of Distortion
Misattribution (source)
Suggestibility (misinformation)
Bias (belief-colored)
One Sin of Intrusion
Persistence (unwanted memories)
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
Repression
Memory Construction
Misinformation effect
Source amnesia
Eyewitness recall
People
Atkinson and Shiffrin (3 stage processing model)
Hermann Ebbinghaus (learning/forgetting)
Elizabeth Loftus (memory)
George Miller (Magic 7)
Daniel Schacter
Good Things to Know
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Rehearsal/practice/repetition aids in encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Ebbinghaus: Relearning accelerates with repetition; forgetting is rapid at beginning but levels off.
Memory is subject to decay.
The more often information is accessed (overlearning), the more rapid its retrieval.
Recovered memories are not always complete/accurate.
Children are particularly susceptible to misinformation/created memories.
Memories prior to age 3 are not reliable (infantile amnesia).
Short term v. working memory.