Download 2.4 Answer Key

Section 2.4: Synthetic Condensation Polymers
Tutorial 1 Practice, page 98
1. (a) Draw the structure of each monomer.
propane-1,3-diol:
OH─CH2─CH2─CH2─OH
pentanedioic acid:
Combine the structures.
(b) Draw the structure of each monomer.
butanedioc acid:
a 5-carbon diamine:
H2N─CH2─CH2─CH2─CH2─CH2─NH2
Combine the structures.
(c) Draw the structure of each monomer.
hexanedioic acid:
a 3-carbon diamine:
H2N
CH2
CH2
CH2
NH2
Combine the structures:
Section 2.4 Questions, page 99
1. To draw the monomer that forms the polymer by condensation, identify the repeating
unit and add the components of a water molecule to the ends.
2. To draw the monomers that react to form the polymer, identify the repeating units and
add the components of a water molecule to the ends of each.
HOCH2CH2OH
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Chapter 2: Polymers
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3. (a) propane-1,3-diol:
1,4-diaminobutane:
(b) [─HN─CH2─CH2─CH2─HN─CH2─CH2─CH2─CH2─NH─]n
4. Polyesters form when condensation reactions occur between carboxylic acids and
alcohols, resulting in ester linkages. Dacron® is a polyester. Polyamides form when
condensation reactions occur between carboxylic acids and amines, resulting in amide
linkages. Kevlar® and nylon are polyamides.
5.
6. Identify the repeating units. Then add the components of water molecules to the ends.
HOOC—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—COOH
hexanedioic acid
H2N—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—NH2
butane-1,4-diamine
7. Answers may vary. Sample answer: Sodium polymethacrylate could also be used as a
thickening agent and as a substitute for soil.
8. Answers may vary. Sample answers:
(a) A monomer that forms cross-links needs to be a diene (have two carbon–carbon
double bonds) and/or contain sulfur, which can form two double bonds and thus connect
two polymer chains.
(b) Answers may vary. Sample answer:
(c) Answers may vary. Sample answer:
(d) Answers may vary. Sample answer:
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Chapter 2: Polymers
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9. Answers may vary. Sample answer:
(a) These polymers would need to be able to absorb water but also be porous enough to
allow roots to grow.
(b) Equipment: 2 clear glass drinking glasses
Materials: 2 identical plants of similar size, 2 different polymer samples, water
Procedure: 1. Place the same amount of a different polymer into each drinking glass.
2. Pour the same volume of water into each glass.
3. Once the polymer has expanded, put a plant into each glass.
4. Note the date and time when you started your experiment.
Note how long it takes before each plant needs to be watered, and also how healthy each
plant is and how much root growth is present. The better polymer will take longer before
water needs to be added and will result in a healthier plant.
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Chapter 2: Polymers
2.4-3