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Balancing Equations How Many Atoms are There? How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 2 Cl How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 2 Cl How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 2 Cl 2 Cl2 How Many Atoms are There? Cl2 2 Cl 2 Cl2 How Many Atoms are There? How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O Two H, One O How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O 2. Fe2O3 Two H, One O How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O 2. Fe2O3 Two H, One O Two Fe, Three O How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O Two H, One O 2. Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O 3. (NH4)2CO3 How Many Atoms are There? 1. H2O Two H, One O 2. Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O 3. (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 One Ca, Four C, Six H, Four O How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 One Ca, Four C, Six H, Four O 3NaNO3 How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 One Ca, Four C, Six H, Four O 3NaNO3 Three Na, Three N, Nine O How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 One Ca, Four C, Six H, Four O 3NaNO3 Three Na, Three N, Nine O 2Sn(NO2)4 How Many Atoms are There? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. H2O Two H, One O Fe2O3 Two Fe, Three O (NH4)2CO3 Two N, Eight H, One C, Three O Pt(SO4)2 One Pt, Two S, Eight O Ca(CH3COO)2 One Ca, Four C, Six H, Four O 3NaNO3 Three Na, Three N, Nine O 2Sn(NO2)4 Two Sn, Eight N, Sixteen O The Law of Conservation of Mass The Law of Conservation of Mass • The law of conservation of mass states that matter can neither be created or destroyed The Law of Conservation of Mass • The law of conservation of mass states that matter can neither be created or destroyed • This means atoms are neither created or destroyed, only rearranged in a chemical reaction Chemical Equations Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. K + O2 K2O Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. K + O2 Reactants K2O Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. K + O2 K2O Reactants Products Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. K + O2 K2O Reactants Products The arrow means “produces” Chemical Equations • Chemical equations are like “recipes” that describe the ingredients and products of a chemical reaction. Plus sign means “reacts with” K + O2 K2O Reactants Products The arrow means “produces” Chemical Equations Chemical Equations Word Equation: Chemical Equations Word Equation: methane + oxygen water + carbon dioxide Chemical Equations Word Equation: methane + oxygen Skeleton Equation: water + carbon dioxide Chemical Equations Word Equation: methane + oxygen water + carbon dioxide Skeleton Equation: CH4 + O2 H2O + CO2 Chemical Equations Word Equation: methane + oxygen water + carbon dioxide Skeleton Equation: CH4 + O2 H2O + CO2 Skeleton equations only show the formulas of the reactants and products, not the correct proportions of each. Why is that a problem? Balancing Chemical Equations Balancing Chemical Equations • Chemical equations must obey the Law of Conservation of Mass. This means we need to balance the skeleton equation. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? ONE Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? ONE 2. Look on the other side of the arrow. How many are on the other side? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? ONE 2. Look on the other side of the arrow. How many are on the other side? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? ONE 2. Look on the other side of the arrow. How many are on the other side? TWO Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 1. Start on the left – how many “K” atoms are on the left side? ONE 2. Look on the other side of the arrow. How many are on the other side? TWO 3. NOTE!! You can NEVER write or change the “little” numbers in equations Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations K + O2 K2O 4. To add more atoms you CAN write “big” numbers (coefficients) in front of atoms. We need two atoms of “K” on both sides of the arrow so write a “2” on the left. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 4. To add more atoms you CAN write “big” numbers (coefficients) in front of atoms. We need two atoms of “K” on both sides of the arrow so write a “2” on the left. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO 6. How many are there on the right side of the arrow? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO 6. How many are there on the right side of the arrow? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO 6. How many are there on the right side of the arrow? ONE Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO 6. How many are there on the right side of the arrow? ONE - Ooops! We have a problem. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 5. Look at the next atom. Oxygen. How many are there on the left side of the arrow? TWO 6. How many are there on the right side of the arrow? ONE - Ooops! We have a problem. REMEMBER – we can’t write subscripts (little numbers) only coefficients (big numbers) Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. But what has happened to the number of “K” atoms on the right side? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. But what has happened to the number of “K” atoms on the right side? How can you fix this? Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 2 K + O2 2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. But what has happened to the number of “K” atoms on the right side? How can you fix this? 8. Change the number of “K” on the left from 2 to 4. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations 4 K + O2 2 K2O 7. The solution is to put a “2” in front of the K2O on the right side. This gives you 2 oxygen. But what has happened to the number of “K” atoms on the right side? How can you fix this? 8. Change the number of “K” on the left from 2 to 4. Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Steps and Rules for Balancing Equations Check how many are on each side 4 K + O2 2 K2O _____ K _____ _____ O _____ Balancing Chemical Equations Practice balancing these: Li + PbO H2 Br2 Pb + N2 LiBr + O2 NH3 Balancing Chemical Equations Practice balancing these: Balancing Chemical Equations Practice balancing these: Sn(NO2)4 + K3PO4 C2H6 + O2 Mg(ClO4)2 + KNO2 + Sn3(PO4)4 CO2 Na + H 2O NaClO4 + Mg