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You’ve Got the Cutest Little Baby Face! In this activity, you will first gather information about your own facial traits. Then we will proceed with the joyous genetics mating simulation! You’ve learned about the making of sex cells, the joining of sex cells, the importance of DNA, the wonderful world of passing DNA to the future generations by the laws of heredity, and have worked countless genetics problems of many types. You are ready! Let’s put all this great knowledge to the test in a real life scenario. You will be ―making‖ two children with a partner using your own genotypes and phenotypes. You will simulate the joining of gametes, to pass on the thirty traits to your own offspring. Follow the guidelines carefully. Don’t cheat on your traits—―Let fate decide!‖ STEP 1 Review the packet of facial phenotypes and genotypes. Record your genotypes in the chart (in your packet). If you show the dominant phenotype, flip a coin to determine your genotype (HH or Hh). You can finalize your genotypes by looking at your parents’ traits at home. This is only important if you have the dominant trait. If both parents have the dominant trait as well, assume you are homozygous dominant. If one parent shows the recessive form, you know that you are heterozygous. If you don’t know your parents’ phenotypes, assume you are heterozygous for some and homozygous for some. STEP 2 Ms. Gates will draw names from the jar to determine your spouse. Exchange information with each other and complete your traits chart. STEP 3 The first task is to have the ―daddy‖ flip a coin to determine if the baby will be a giggly girl or a bouncing boy. Dad has to do this twice. Sorry moms—remember the male determines the sex of the baby. You only have X chromosomes to offer. Use heads for girl and tails for boy. STEP 4 Now, figure out the genotypes and phenotypes of your two children. One child’s information will be on mommy’s sheet and the other on the daddy’s sheet. To figure out the genotypes for the children, you need to look at the parents’ genotypes. If a parent is homozygous for a trait, there is only choice for the allele that goes to the child. If the parent is heterozygous, flip a coin. Dominant is heads, recessive is tails. Remember, this simulates real life chance! Figure out all the genotypes for your two children. Remember you are making siblings, not identical twins. Some traits will vary. STEP 5 Now use the ―traits sheet‖ to figure out the phenotypes of your children. You are now the proud parents of these two little ones. Aren’t you glad this is just pretend! There’s no diapers or crying in this game. REFLECTIONS AND ANALYSIS THE PRETTY PORTRAIT Create a portrait of your child’s face. You will do a portrait of one child and you partner will do a portrait of the other. Use at least twenty of the thirty traits that you determined. Sketch the child at your age (12-13). Use color! Write you child’s name on the portrait. WRITTEN ANALYSIS List two examples of traits that show complete dominance from this activity. Example trait: face shape 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ List two examples of traits that show incomplete dominance from this activity. Example trait: eye distance 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ List 3 identical phenotypes between you and your child. 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________ List 3 different phenotypes between you and your child. 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________ Give one example where your child has the same phenotype as you, but a different genotype. 1. _____________________ Directions: Create Punnett Squares for the following traits. Pay attention to the problem type. a. Eyebrow thickness What is your child’s genotype? __________ What is your child’s phenotype? ____________________ b. Hairy ears What is your child’s genotype? __________ What is your child’s phenotype? ____________________ c. Hair type What is your child’s genotype? __________ What is your child’s phenotype? ____________________ d. Eye distance What is your child’s genotype? __________ What is your child’s phenotype? ____________________ Directions: In a short paragraph, summarize what you did in this activity. Topic Sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Conclusion sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Final Paragraph ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Directions: In a short paragraph, answer this question: ―What role does DNA play in the expression of traits? How is DNA the code of life?‖ 3-5 sentences Topic sentence OR conclusion sentences Hint: Use the words: gene, chromosome, allele, code, inherit Topic sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Final Paragraph ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Directions: Using the vocabulary below, write a concluding paragraph that answers the question…”Why do we look different from our parents and siblings?” Include a topic sentence and a conclusion sentence Here are some definitions that will help you to answer the question using all of the required vocabulary (don’t forget to use “chance” too) Meiosis – the process of making gametes or sex cells (eggs, sperm) Phenotype – what a trait ―looks‖ like (ex: brown eyes, straight hair) Genotype – the alleles an individual has for a particular train (ex: AA or Aa) Chromosomes – Humans have 46 of these ―strings‖ of DNA in their body cell nuclei; contain your genetic code Gene – a section of a chromosome that codes for a particular trait Alleles – the different versions or forms of a gene (A or a) Fertilization – When the female’s egg cell fuses with the male’s sperm cell Sperm – male sex cell (gamete) Ovum (egg) – female sex cell (gamete) Topic Sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Conclusion sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Final Paragraph ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ What hopes and dreams do you have for your children (in the future)? Be sure that you staple together and turn in the following items: Portrait of your child Completed traits chart This worksheet packet