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4/29/2008 Antibiotics fight Bacteria Managing Microbes An Overview of Antibiotics Siamese Cat Rescue May 4,2008 What are Bacteria? Classifying Bacteria • Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria • Gram positive (+) and Gram negative (-) • Rods and Cocci and variations 1 4/29/2008 Rod Bacteria Cocci Bacteria Streptococcus Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria 2 4/29/2008 Gram (+) Cocci : Staphylococcus Gram (-) bacteria : Bacillis Gram (+) Rods: Anthrax Classifying Bacteria • Bacterial culture (What bug are we dealing with?) ith?) • Antibiotic Sensitivity (Kirby-Bauer Plate) • Minimum Inhibitory Concentration C ((MIC) C) 3 4/29/2008 Bacteria culture Antibiotic Sensitivity Urinary Tract • Cystitis • Pyelonephritis • Bladder Stones • Aerobic Bacteria only • Gram (+) and Gram (-) 4 4/29/2008 Upper Respiratory • Tacheobronchitis • Sinusitis • Primary and secondary bacterial infections • Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria • Aerobic Bacteria only Lower Respiratory • Bronchitis • Pneumonia • Pyothorax • Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria • Gram (+) and Gram (-) 5 4/29/2008 Skin/Soft Tissue • Pyoderma • Abscess • Soft & Connective tissue infection • Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria • Gram (+) and Gram (-) Aural / Ear • Acute or chronic purulent otitis • Gram (+) and Gram (-) Bacteria • Aerobic Bacteria only 6 4/29/2008 Oral / Mouth • • • • Gingivitis Periodontitis Stomatitis Endodontic disease • Gram (+) and Gram (-) Bacteria Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Systems • • • • • Gastritis / Enteritis C liti Colitis Cholecystitis Cholangiohepatitis Pancreatitis • Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria • Gram (+) and Gram (-) 7 4/29/2008 Bartonellosis • Bartonella henselae • Cat Scratch disease • Flea Vector • Intracellular bacteria • Azithromycin or Clarithromycin Issues in Antibiotic Use • Choices – First Choice for mild Infections – Second Choice for severe or resistant Infection • Side Effects • Resistance 8