Download Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review

Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
Name:
1.
Date:
Susan gently pushes the tip of her nger against
the eraser on her pencil and the pencil does
not move. Which of the following gures best
illustrates the interaction of forces between Susan's
nger and her pencil?
Driving Home Newton's Laws of Motion
2.
Automobiles, baseballs, skateboards and bicycles
— the world is full of things that are in motion.
Centuries ago the British physicist Sir Isaac
Newton stated three laws that describe the ways
in which things move. These are Newton's three
laws of motion:
A.
The rst law: Unless acted upon by an
outside force, a body at rest tends to
stay at rest, and a body in motion tends
to stay in motion.
B.
The second law: Acceleration is equal
to the net force acting on a body
divided by its mass.
The third law: For every action force
there is an equal and opposite reaction
force.
C.
A driver starts her car and steps on the gas pedal.
The car gradually accelerates to 50 km/hr. A few
minutes later, the driver suddenly slams on the
brakes to avoid hitting a box in the road. As the
car comes to a stop, the driver's body appears to
lurch forward in the seat until it is restrained by
the seatbelt.
D.
What law best explains why the driver's body
appears to lurch forward when the brakes are
suddenly applied?
A.
Newton's rst law
B.
Newton's second law
C.
Newton's third law
D. The law of gravity
page 1
5.
Crash Test Smarties
3.
Two forces act on the 2 kg box shown below.
Modern automobiles are tested for collision safety
using models of human beings often called crash
test dummies. These “dummies” are actually quite
“smart.” They are often tted with sensor devices
that can record their motion and force of impact
during an automobile collision.
A 4 N force acts to the right and a 6 N force acts
to the left. What is the net force acting on the
box?
In the diagrams shown below, the length of the
arrow indicates the relative amount of force.
Which of these diagrams correctly shows the
amount and direction of the forces on the wall and
the car during the collision?
6.
A.
B.
7.
C.
A.
10 N to the right
B.
10 N to the left
C.
2 N to the right
D. 2 N to the left
A 1500 kg car increases its speed by 2 m/s for
each second of travel. What is the net force acting
on the car?
A.
750 N
B.
1500 N
C.
3000 N
D. 6000 N
The forces acting on a skateboarder moving at a
constant velocity along a sidewalk are shown in
the gure below.
D.
4.
Which of the following is the net force on the
skateboarder?
Explain why a golf ball that is hit on the moon
travels much farther than a golf ball that is hit
with the same force on the Earth.
page 2
A.
0N
B.
70 N
C.
670 N
D. 1270 N
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
8.
9.
The tendency of a stationary object to resist being
put into motion is known as
A.
acceleration.
B.
C.
weight.
D. velocity.
11.
inertia.
The moon has a smaller mass than the Earth. If
you were able to travel to the moon your weight
would
A.
increase.
B.
descrease.
C.
remain the same.
A family is moving from Pennsylvania to
Connecticut during the summer.
One of the movers tosses a small box to another
mover across the room. The path of the box as it
travels through the air will be curved downward
due to
.
D. vary from day to night.
10.
If you were able to go to the top of a tall building
and simultaneously drop an apple and a basketball,
they would both hit the gound at about the same
instant because
A.
the force of gravity on them is equal.
B.
they have the same mass.
C.
air resistance on both is the same.
A.
its positive acceleration
B.
the force of gravity
C.
the inertia of the box
D. its change in weight
12.
D. they have the same amount of kinetic energy.
How would the measurable properties of a golf
ball change if it were moved from Earth to the
Moon?
A.
It would have the same mass, but a di erent
weight.
B.
It would have the same weight, but a di erent
mass.
C.
It would have the same density, but a di erent
mass.
D. It would have the same mass, but a di erent
density.
page 3
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
13.
The diagram below shows some positions in the
path of a pendulum swinging from a xed point
called a fulcrum.
17.
Use the following diagram of a pendulum to
answer the following question(s).
Which statement best describes the energy changes
from A to B and then from B to C?
The pendulum is raised to the start position and
released. At which two numbered positions is the
potential energy of the pendulum most likely the
same?
A.
position 1 and position 3
B.
position 1 and position 4
C.
position 2 and position 3
15.
18.
The force of gravity on an object depends
primarily on the object's
A.
density.
B.
C.
momentum.
D. volume.
B.
Potential energy decreases from A to B and
increases from B to C
C.
Kinetic energy decreases from A to B and
increases from B to C
Which of the following objects acts as a lever
when pulling a nail?
mass.
What is the mass of an object weighing 63 N on
Earth?
A.
16.
Total energy decreases from A to B and
increases from B to C
D. Potential energy decreases from A to B and
increases from B to C
D. position 2 and position 4
14.
A.
0.1 kg
B.
6.3 kg
C.
73 kg
D. 617 kg
The distance of the star Vega from Earth is 1.6
million times greater than the distance of the Sun
from Earth. Which of the following best describes
the gravitational in uence of Vega on Earth?
A.
It is roughly equal to that of the Sun.
B.
Its in uence is greater than that of the Sun.
C.
Its in uence is small because of its distance.
19.
D. It in uences the magnitude of Earth's mass.
page 4
A.
hammer
B.
head of nail
C.
board
D. point of nail
Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge
hammer. What other tool should he also use to
split the log?
A.
a lever
B.
a pulley
C.
a wedge
D. a fulcrum
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
20.
The picture shows a ladder leaning against a wall.
22.
The picture below shows a seesaw.
A seesaw on a playground is an example of what
type of simple machine?
23.
A.
lever
B.
screw
C.
wedge
D. wheel and axle
The picture below shows a pair of scissors.
A person climbing this ladder is using the ladder
as
21.
A.
a lever.
B.
a wedge.
C.
a simple gear.
D. an inclined plane.
Scissors are an example of a complex machine.
Which of the following simple machines are
combined to make scissors?
The picture below shows a light bulb.
A.
lever and gear
B.
gear and pulley
C.
lever and wedge
D. wedge and pulley
The bottom of this light bulb is an example of
what type of simple machine?
A.
a lever
B.
a pulley
C.
a screw
D. a wedge
page 5
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
24.
Which of the following objects does not have a
wedge?
25.
A.
The diagrams below show a cart moving with a
velocity, V, on a frictionless surface as a wooden
block is being dropped. The block then falls
straight down onto the moving cart.
B.
Which of the following statements describes what
will happen after the block lands on the moving
cart?
C.
A.
The cart will move to the left at a velocity
less than the original velocity of the cart.
B.
The cart will move to the left at a velocity
greater than the original velocity of the cart.
C.
The cart will move to the right at a velocity
less than the original velocity of the cart.
D.
D. The cart will move to the right at a velocity
greater than the original velocity of the cart.
page 6
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
26.
A cart with a mass of 5 kg rests on a oor next to
a wall, as shown in the diagram below.
27.
A person pushes on the cart to the left toward the
wall with a force of 100 N. Which of the following
statements is true in this situation?
A.
The wall does not push on the cart.
B.
The oor pushes 100 N up on the cart.
C.
The cart pushes 100 N down on the oor.
A performer pulls a tablecloth out from under
a complete set of dinnerware as shown in the
illustration below.
Which of the following best explains the
performer's success at leaving all the dinnerware
on the table?
D. The wall pushes 100 N to the right on the
cart.
A.
the inertia of the dinnerware
B.
the large mass of the tablecloth
C.
the placement of the dinnerware
D. the rough material of the tablecloth
28.
Four students push on a block of wood with the
forces shown in the diagram below. Assume
friction is negligible.
The block slides horizontally. What is the net
force acting on the block of wood?
page 7
A.
3 N to the left
B.
8 N to the left
C.
11 N to the right
D. 25 N to the right
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
29.
Two people are each pulling on the opposite ends
of a rope. If they are pulling on the rope with
equal but opposite forces, what will happen to the
rope?
A.
It will stay in place between the two people.
B.
It will move toward the right.
C.
It will move toward the left.
33.
34.
D. It will fall to the ground.
30.
31.
A student is riding a bike and applies the brakes.
Which most helps the bike to stop?
35.
A.
friction
B.
gravity
C.
heat
D. momentum
An object is moving at a constant speed. If a
balanced force is applied in the opposite direction
the object is moving, what will most likely
happen?
A.
125.0 N
B.
250.0 N
C.
2,000. N
D. 4,000. N
A 100-N force causes an object to accelerate at
2 m/s/s. What is the mass of the object?
A.
0.02 kg
B.
50 kg
C.
102 kg
D. 200 kg
A student in a boat decided to go for a swim. He
dove o the back of the boat, as shown in the
diagram. The boat moved in the direction shown
by the arrow.
Which statement best explains why the boat moved
in the direction shown?
A.
The object will speed up.
B.
The object will change direction.
A.
A body in motion tends to remain in motion.
C.
The object will continue moving at a constant
speed.
B.
The acceleration of a body is directly
proportional to the force applied.
C.
For every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction.
D. The object will slow down and eventually
stop moving.
32.
How much force is needed to accelerate a 500.0-kg
car at a rate of 4.000 m/s/s?
D. Friction on the bottom of the boat was
reduced because of the lake water.
This diagram shows an object being pushed along
a frictionless surface. The object accelerates at
2 m/s/s.
36.
What force was applied to the object?
A.
1N
B.
1.5 N
C.
5N
What forces are equal in size but opposite in
direction?
A.
balanced
B.
frictional
C.
gravitational
D. unbalanced
D. 6 N
page 8
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
37.
A ball is dropped from the top of a tall building.
As the ball falls, the upward force of air resistance
becomes equal to the downward pull of gravity.
When these two forces become equal in magnitude,
the ball will
A.
atten due to the forces.
B.
fall at a constant speed.
C.
continue to speed up.
39.
Use the information below to answer the
question(s) below.
A group of students investigated physics concepts
at an ice-skating rink. The students skated at
di erent speeds and pushed boxes across the ice.
The boxes were exactly the same except for their
mass.
D. slow to a stop.
38.
The graph below shows the velocity of a car that
is moving in a straight line.
MASS OF BOXES
Box Mass (kilograms)
During which of the following intervals are forces
on the car balanced?
A.
q to r
B.
r to s
C.
s to t
1
45
3
70
2
D. t to u
4
60
85
What type of force causes an ice skater to begin
to move?
page 9
A.
balanced
B.
gravitational
C.
magnetic
D. unbalanced
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
40.
If each wagon is given the same push, which
wagon should go the fastest?
41.
A.
B.
After more than 30 years, the spacecraft
Pioneer 10 continues to travel through space,
beyond the solar system. Which statement explains
why this spacecraft continues to move?
A.
Pioneer 10 is in motion and will stay in
motion.
B.
Pioneer 10 carries excess fuel to allow more
motion.
C.
NASA astronauts are steering Pioneer 10.
D. NASA has refueling missions to Pioneer 10.
C.
D.
page 10
Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
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Forces and Motion/ Simple Machines EOG Review
05/09/2013
1.
Answer:
D
22.
Answer:
A
2.
Answer:
A
23.
Answer:
C
24.
Answer:
D
3.
4.
25.
5.
Answer:
D
6.
Answer:
26.
Answer:
D
C
7.
Answer:
27.
Answer:
A
A
8.
Answer:
28.
Answer:
C
B
29.
Answer:
A
30.
Answer:
A
9.
10.
11.
Answer:
B
31.
Answer:
D
12.
Answer:
A
32.
Answer:
D
13.
Answer:
A
33.
Answer:
C
14.
Answer:
B
34.
Answer:
B
35.
Answer:
C
15.
16.
Answer:
C
17.
Answer:
36.
Answer:
A
D
18.
Answer:
37.
Answer:
B
A
19.
Answer:
38.
Answer:
B
C
20.
Answer:
39.
Answer:
D
D
21.
Answer:
40.
Answer:
B
C
41.
Answer:
A