Download The Sun powerpoint

The Sun
Our Sun is a Star
Journey to the Sun
How did the sun form?
Why the sun is important to
the Earth.
TRUE or FALSE
The sun only shines
during the day.
FALSE
FACT: The sun is
shining constantly.
TRUE or FALSE
The sun does not
rotate or revolve.
FALSE
FACT: The sun has differential
rotations, meaning it rotates faster
at the equator than it does at the
poles. It takes the sun 25 days to
make one rotation at the equator
and 32 days to rotate at the poles.
The sun is also moving in space
around the center of the Milky Way
Galaxy.
TRUE or FALSE
You can only see
auroras at the poles.
FALSE
FACT: The auroras do not form over the
geographic poles, but over the
magnetic poles which are over Alaska/
Northern Canada/Russia and over
Antarctica. During intense magnetic
storms, the auroras may be visible
farther south.
TRUE or FALSE
The sun has a solid
surface.
FALSE
FACT: Although we call the
photosphere the surface of the
sun, the photosphere is a hot gas.
The Sun - Lesson Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1 Explain how the sun produces energy in its core.
2 Identify layers of the sun and explain what occurs in
each layer.
3 Compare the size of the sun to other objects in the
solar system.
4 Explain the sunspot cycle and the effect that it has on
the sun and on earth.
The Sun - Essential Questions
How does the sun produce different forms of energy?
1 How does the diameter and volume of the sun compare
to the size and mass of other space objects?
2 Describe the sunspot cycle and explain how solar events
(including sunspots) affect Earth. 3 What are the layers of the sun and what occurs in each
layer?
The Sun - NOTES
The sun is a star in the Milky Way
galaxy. All planets in our solar
system revolve around the sun.
One-hundred Earth’s would fit
across the face of the sun and
more than 1 million Earth’s could
fit inside.
The Sun - NOTES
Nuclear fusion occurs in the core of the sun.
During this process, tremendous energy is
released. This energy takes the form of the
electromagnetic spectrum. Radio waves,
microwaves, infrared, visible light,
ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays are
produced by the fusion reaction.
The Sun - NOTES
Only a fraction of this energy makes it to the
Earth’s surface in the form of visible light,
infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation.
The heat and light energy given off by the
sun is crucial to the Earth’s ability to
support life.
The Sun - NOTES
The innermost layer of the sun is called the
core. Fusion reactions take place within the
core, and the temperature reaches 15 million
K. Above the core is the radiation zone. Heat
energy from the core is transferred by
radiation, or waves, through this layer.
The Sun - NOTES
Kelvin
tenuous
The Sun - NOTES
Above the radiation zone is the convection
zone. In this layer, hot gases rise to the
surface, cool, and sink, creating convection
currents. These convection currents lead to
the granulation, or the grainy appearance of
the sun.
The Sun - NOTES
The visible surface of the sun is called the
photosphere. The photosphere is
approximately 6000 K. Sunspots are visible
on the photosphere. The atmosphere of the
sun is comprised of two layers. The sun’s
lower atmosphere is called the
chromosphere.
The Sun - NOTES
The chromosphere, a thin red layer, is
sometimes visible during a solar eclipse.
The upper atmosphere of the sun is called
the corona. This layer is a tenuous layer
that is larger than the sun itself. The
corona can reach a temperature of several
million K. Changes within the corona cause
solar wind.
The Sun - NOTES
The sun rotates faster at its equator than it
does at its poles. The magnetic field of the
sun twists, forming dark, intense magnetic
fields on the sun called sunspots. Sunspots go
through an eleven-year cycle where they go
from a minimum number to a maximum
number back to a minimum number.
The Sun - NOTES
The intensity of the magnetic fields cause solar
flares (jets of hot gases that explode off the
sun) and prominences (loops of gas off the sun)
which are solar storms. Sunspots and solar
storms cause intense auroras, ionized light that
generally form above the magnetic poles of the
Earth. They can also cause changes in weather
patterns and electromagnetic disturbances on
Earth.
The Sun - Key Terms
aurora, chromosphere, convection zone,
core, corona, electromagnetic spectrum,
fusion, infrared, photosphere, radiation
zone, solar flare, solar prominence,
solar wind, spicule, sun, sunspot,
sunspot cycle, visible light, ultraviolet
The Sun - NOTES
1 The Structure of the Sun (2:39 Discusses layers of the sun in detail)
2 The Sun (4:21 Discusses sun size and layers.)
Layers of the Sun
Characteristics
Essential Questions:
How does the diameter and volume of
the sun compare to the size and mass of
other space objects?
What are the layers of the sun and what
occurs in each layer?
How does the sun produce different
forms of energy?
Exploration How Big Is Big?
Comparisons
Earth versus small plants
Jupiter versus Earth
Sun versus Earth
Large stars versus the Sun
Times Bigger/Diameter
How do we know so much
about the sun?
Scientists use various types of
technology, including special
telescopes, space probes, and other
instruments to collect information,
and then apply the laws of science,
along with logical reasoning and
imagination, to make sense of the
collected data.
READING HOMEWORK
leannortiz.weebly.com
Reading Passages
1. A Sun-sational Journey
2. Hot Stuff
Answer Questions