PSRD: Chondrules: Important, but Possibly Unfathomable
... up chondrules. Was this progression due to the process that did the melting or to the environment in which the melting took place? What properties of chondrules were controlled exclusively by the process that formed them, and which are due to the environment in which they formed? What is the cosmic ...
... up chondrules. Was this progression due to the process that did the melting or to the environment in which the melting took place? What properties of chondrules were controlled exclusively by the process that formed them, and which are due to the environment in which they formed? What is the cosmic ...
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... The solar atmosphere is full of dynamic phenomena. Solar flares, which are the most energetic explosive events in the solar system, are especially attractive because of their dynamic and beautiful appearance. They also stimulate our curiosity about the generation mechanism of such explosive events. ...
... The solar atmosphere is full of dynamic phenomena. Solar flares, which are the most energetic explosive events in the solar system, are especially attractive because of their dynamic and beautiful appearance. They also stimulate our curiosity about the generation mechanism of such explosive events. ...
Plasmoid-induced-reconnection and fractal reconnection Kazunari Shibata and Syuniti Tanuma
... As a key to undertanding the basic mechanism for fast reconnection in solar flares, plasmoid-inducedreconnection and fractal reconnection are proposed and examined. We first briefly summarize recent solar observations that give us hints on the role of plasmoid (flux rope) ejections in flare energy r ...
... As a key to undertanding the basic mechanism for fast reconnection in solar flares, plasmoid-inducedreconnection and fractal reconnection are proposed and examined. We first briefly summarize recent solar observations that give us hints on the role of plasmoid (flux rope) ejections in flare energy r ...
Solar Flares: Magnetohydrodynamic Processes | SpringerLink
... Several classic models based on magnetic reconnection have been proposed to explain the phenomenological aspect of flares: Carmichael (1964), Sturrock (1966), Hirayama (1974), and Kopp and Pneuman (1976) (see Figure 2). These models assume more or less a similar configuration of magnetic field and i ...
... Several classic models based on magnetic reconnection have been proposed to explain the phenomenological aspect of flares: Carmichael (1964), Sturrock (1966), Hirayama (1974), and Kopp and Pneuman (1976) (see Figure 2). These models assume more or less a similar configuration of magnetic field and i ...
Plasma Diagnostics and Hydrodynamic Evolution of Solar Flares
... Firstly, I would like to acknowledge the Irish Research Council, the Fulbright Association and NASA’s Living With a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program for funding the research contained in this thesis. I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Peter Gallagher for giving me the opportunit ...
... Firstly, I would like to acknowledge the Irish Research Council, the Fulbright Association and NASA’s Living With a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program for funding the research contained in this thesis. I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Peter Gallagher for giving me the opportunit ...
90377 Sedna
... again for 12,000 years. Although Sedna is listed on NASA’s Solar System exploration website,[65] NASA is not known to be considering any type of mission at this time.[66] It was calculated that a flyby mission to Sedna could take 24.48 years using a Jupiter gravity assist, based on launch dates of 6 ...
... again for 12,000 years. Although Sedna is listed on NASA’s Solar System exploration website,[65] NASA is not known to be considering any type of mission at this time.[66] It was calculated that a flyby mission to Sedna could take 24.48 years using a Jupiter gravity assist, based on launch dates of 6 ...
Flare Observations
... and blast waves (Moreton, 1964) were noted. Meter wave radio emissions, detected serendipitously in 1942 during military radar operations, revealed the presence of non-thermal electrons in the corona (Hey, 1983). During a radio burst, the total solar luminosity in radio waves may increase by several ...
... and blast waves (Moreton, 1964) were noted. Meter wave radio emissions, detected serendipitously in 1942 during military radar operations, revealed the presence of non-thermal electrons in the corona (Hey, 1983). During a radio burst, the total solar luminosity in radio waves may increase by several ...
Master`s Thesis
... A new study of the capabilities of the so called GNSS Solar Flare Activity Indicator (GSFLAI) is presented. Instead of analysing Solar flares (for which GSFLAI provides a proxy of the solar EUV flux rate), this project is focused on far stellar flares, thus it may be said that GNSS Stellar Flare Act ...
... A new study of the capabilities of the so called GNSS Solar Flare Activity Indicator (GSFLAI) is presented. Instead of analysing Solar flares (for which GSFLAI provides a proxy of the solar EUV flux rate), this project is focused on far stellar flares, thus it may be said that GNSS Stellar Flare Act ...
SOFT X-RAY EMISSIONS FROM PLANETS, MOONS, AND COMETS
... altitude balloon-, rocket-, and satellite-based instruments. But to observe most of the soft x-ray band one has to be above ~100 km from Earth's surface. Terrestrial x-rays were discovered in the 1950s. The launch of the first x-ray satellite UHURU in 1970 marked the beginning of satellite-based x-r ...
... altitude balloon-, rocket-, and satellite-based instruments. But to observe most of the soft x-ray band one has to be above ~100 km from Earth's surface. Terrestrial x-rays were discovered in the 1950s. The launch of the first x-ray satellite UHURU in 1970 marked the beginning of satellite-based x-r ...
Magnetic quenching of turbulent diffusivity - Andrés Muñoz
... theoretical estimates based on mixing-length theory, which suggest much higher values for turbulent diffusivity. To make matters worse, kinematic dynamo simulations cannot yield sustainable magnetic cycles using these theoretical estimates. In this work, we show that magnetic cycles become viable if ...
... theoretical estimates based on mixing-length theory, which suggest much higher values for turbulent diffusivity. To make matters worse, kinematic dynamo simulations cannot yield sustainable magnetic cycles using these theoretical estimates. In this work, we show that magnetic cycles become viable if ...
SOLAR HARD X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS FROM
... accelerated during solar flares. Since the beginning of 1990 the PHEBUS instrument and the SIGMA anticoincidence shield aboard GRANAT have provided hard X-ray and gamma-ray observations of solar bursts in the energy range 0.075-124 and 0.200-15 MeV, respectively. After a brief description of the exp ...
... accelerated during solar flares. Since the beginning of 1990 the PHEBUS instrument and the SIGMA anticoincidence shield aboard GRANAT have provided hard X-ray and gamma-ray observations of solar bursts in the energy range 0.075-124 and 0.200-15 MeV, respectively. After a brief description of the exp ...
EUV and X-ray Spectroscopy of the Active Sun
... An investigation into the hydrodynamic evolution of a confined solar flare was carried out using RHESSI, CDS, GOES and TRACE. Evidence for pre-flare heating, explosive and gentle chromospheric evaporation and loop draining were observed in the data. The observations were compared to a 0-D hydrodynam ...
... An investigation into the hydrodynamic evolution of a confined solar flare was carried out using RHESSI, CDS, GOES and TRACE. Evidence for pre-flare heating, explosive and gentle chromospheric evaporation and loop draining were observed in the data. The observations were compared to a 0-D hydrodynam ...
Latitudinal and radial gradients of galactic cosmic ray protons in the
... of the unexplored region of space above the solar poles. The GCR intensity measured along the Ulysses orbit results from a combination of temporal and spatial variations. Ulysses was launched first towards Jupiter. Following the fly-by of Jupiter in February 1992, the spacecraft has been traveling i ...
... of the unexplored region of space above the solar poles. The GCR intensity measured along the Ulysses orbit results from a combination of temporal and spatial variations. Ulysses was launched first towards Jupiter. Following the fly-by of Jupiter in February 1992, the spacecraft has been traveling i ...
Thermal Convection, Magnetic Field, and Differential Rotation in
... the thickness of the tachocline is still controversial, Charbonneau et al. (1999) show that the thickness is from ∆t = 0.016R⊙ at the equator to ∆t = 0.038R⊙ at the pole. The fifth important feature is the near surface shear layer (NSSL). There are significant deviations from the Taylor-Proudman sta ...
... the thickness of the tachocline is still controversial, Charbonneau et al. (1999) show that the thickness is from ∆t = 0.016R⊙ at the equator to ∆t = 0.038R⊙ at the pole. The fifth important feature is the near surface shear layer (NSSL). There are significant deviations from the Taylor-Proudman sta ...
The Limits of Our Solar System - Lunar and Planetary Institute
... is nearly 90° (the field is almost purely tangential). Since the magnetic field lines from the northern and the southern hemispheres of the Sun have opposite polarity, a heliospheric current sheet (HCS) forms near the equator, across which the magnetic field direction reverses. The HCS passes throug ...
... is nearly 90° (the field is almost purely tangential). Since the magnetic field lines from the northern and the southern hemispheres of the Sun have opposite polarity, a heliospheric current sheet (HCS) forms near the equator, across which the magnetic field direction reverses. The HCS passes throug ...
Global Properties of Solar Flares
... does not develop clearly until the later phase of a flare (e.g., Yang et al. 2009), consistent with a chromospheric interpretation of these early motions as a contraction (e.g., Ji et al. 2007). 2.3 Flare and CME occurrence patterns 2.3.1 Flares and microflares Flares have complicated images and tim ...
... does not develop clearly until the later phase of a flare (e.g., Yang et al. 2009), consistent with a chromospheric interpretation of these early motions as a contraction (e.g., Ji et al. 2007). 2.3 Flare and CME occurrence patterns 2.3.1 Flares and microflares Flares have complicated images and tim ...
Effects of Thomson-Scattering Geometry on White-Light
... inner heliosphere is not only determined by the local electron density, but also by Thomsonscattering theory. The Thomson-scattering geometry is defined by a sphere, on which the Sun and the observer are located on opposite ends of the diameter. The classical theory of Thomson scattering by Billings ...
... inner heliosphere is not only determined by the local electron density, but also by Thomsonscattering theory. The Thomson-scattering geometry is defined by a sphere, on which the Sun and the observer are located on opposite ends of the diameter. The classical theory of Thomson scattering by Billings ...
astronomical oxygen isotopic evidence for supernova
... compared with the present-day Galaxy cannot be attributed to GCE over the past 4.6 billion years (the age of the solar system). A trend of decreasing [18 O]/[16 O] and [17 O]/[16 O] ratios at nearly constant [18 O]/[17 O] with increasing Galactocentric radius, RGC , was well established by early rad ...
... compared with the present-day Galaxy cannot be attributed to GCE over the past 4.6 billion years (the age of the solar system). A trend of decreasing [18 O]/[16 O] and [17 O]/[16 O] ratios at nearly constant [18 O]/[17 O] with increasing Galactocentric radius, RGC , was well established by early rad ...
Numerical modeling of plasma structures and turbulence transport in
... [http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/10/the sun.html]. Right: Solar magnetic loops captured by the Transition Region And Coronal Explorer. [http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/2008/images/gal 023a art.jpg]. naked eye from the Earth under certain favoring conditions. A central dark umbra and a less da ...
... [http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/10/the sun.html]. Right: Solar magnetic loops captured by the Transition Region And Coronal Explorer. [http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/2008/images/gal 023a art.jpg]. naked eye from the Earth under certain favoring conditions. A central dark umbra and a less da ...
A single picture for solar coronal outflows and radio noise storms
... layers (QSLs; e.g., Demoulin et al. 1996). The authors listed several outflow mechanisms related to magnetic reconnection occurring at QSLs. Based on a comparison of an MHD simulation with observations of a small AR surrounded by a coronal hole (CH) on 17 October 2007, Murray et al. (2010) suggested ...
... layers (QSLs; e.g., Demoulin et al. 1996). The authors listed several outflow mechanisms related to magnetic reconnection occurring at QSLs. Based on a comparison of an MHD simulation with observations of a small AR surrounded by a coronal hole (CH) on 17 October 2007, Murray et al. (2010) suggested ...
cosmic-ray neon, wolf-rayet stars, and the superbubble origin of
... and (3). The numbers of events for each of the neon isotopes are listed in columns (4)–(6) to indicate the statistical accuracy of those measurements. With the high statistical accuracy of these observations, it is necessary to also assess the systematic uncertainties associated with the analysis, i ...
... and (3). The numbers of events for each of the neon isotopes are listed in columns (4)–(6) to indicate the statistical accuracy of those measurements. With the high statistical accuracy of these observations, it is necessary to also assess the systematic uncertainties associated with the analysis, i ...
Light perturbation from stellar non radial oscillations: an application
... • Taking into account sphericity of the photosphere reveals a possible significant increase of the relative intensity perturbation at the solar limb for some modes of oscillation: - both for p and g-modes - and only for l+m even modes • The effect on the full-disk perturbation is expected to be smal ...
... • Taking into account sphericity of the photosphere reveals a possible significant increase of the relative intensity perturbation at the solar limb for some modes of oscillation: - both for p and g-modes - and only for l+m even modes • The effect on the full-disk perturbation is expected to be smal ...
Eclipse Box Activity Guide - Girl Scouts of Northern California
... INTRODUCTION AND HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE Welcome to the Eclipse Box! The Eclipse Box and this guide support activities for learning about the Sun, light, our solar system, and eclipses. They draw upon hands-on, safe activities suitable for girls as well as adults. While these activities are designed ...
... INTRODUCTION AND HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE Welcome to the Eclipse Box! The Eclipse Box and this guide support activities for learning about the Sun, light, our solar system, and eclipses. They draw upon hands-on, safe activities suitable for girls as well as adults. While these activities are designed ...
Coupling from the Photosphere to the Chromosphere and the
... scale global dynamo action, with patterns clearly controlled by being stretched out by differential rotation. Buoyancy eventually pushes the fields back up. Another evidence for self-similarity comes from the power law behavior of flare energy distribution as a function of time. This behavior is als ...
... scale global dynamo action, with patterns clearly controlled by being stretched out by differential rotation. Buoyancy eventually pushes the fields back up. Another evidence for self-similarity comes from the power law behavior of flare energy distribution as a function of time. This behavior is als ...
On some properties of coronal mass ejections in solar cycle 23
... steadily during the rise phase of the solar cycle. They concluded that the rate corresponding to the rise phase of cycle 23 was not significantly different from pre-SOHO observations. During solar minimum, one CME occurs every other day. The rate goes up to several per day during solar maximum. On o ...
... steadily during the rise phase of the solar cycle. They concluded that the rate corresponding to the rise phase of cycle 23 was not significantly different from pre-SOHO observations. During solar minimum, one CME occurs every other day. The rate goes up to several per day during solar maximum. On o ...
Solar observation
Solar observation is the scientific endeavor of studying the Sun and its behavior and relation to the Earth and the remainder of the Solar System. Deliberate solar observation began thousands of years ago. That initial era of direct observation gave way to telescopes in the 1600s followed by satellites in the twentieth century.