The Solar Tachocline: A Self-Consistent Model of Magnetic
... diabatically returns the system to a reference-state temperature profile) there can be no compromise between stable thermal stratification and meridional circulations: either the circulation overturns the stratification surfaces or the stable stratification shuts off the circulation. When a thermal ...
... diabatically returns the system to a reference-state temperature profile) there can be no compromise between stable thermal stratification and meridional circulations: either the circulation overturns the stratification surfaces or the stable stratification shuts off the circulation. When a thermal ...
EUV and X-ray Spectroscopy of the Active Sun
... path of propagating electrons towards the dense chromosphere (c). Heating of the chromosphere results in chromospheric evaporation (d) which fills the loops with hot, SXR emitting plasma (e). Direct heating of the looptop can result in large pressure gradients that drive conductive fronts (f ). . . ...
... path of propagating electrons towards the dense chromosphere (c). Heating of the chromosphere results in chromospheric evaporation (d) which fills the loops with hot, SXR emitting plasma (e). Direct heating of the looptop can result in large pressure gradients that drive conductive fronts (f ). . . ...
Venus Worship - the layish website
... they move on to consider their effects and meanings – in other words, prediction of astronomical cycles must have preceded astrological interpretation, and pure astronomy (star and planet positions in relation to each other) still always remained its foundation. Thus, apart from iconographical conn ...
... they move on to consider their effects and meanings – in other words, prediction of astronomical cycles must have preceded astrological interpretation, and pure astronomy (star and planet positions in relation to each other) still always remained its foundation. Thus, apart from iconographical conn ...
YEAR - University of Maryland Astronomy
... Not Stars The Sun's Magnetic Field How Stars Form X-Rays and Gamma Rays on the Sun The Problem with Mars Fasten Your Seatbelts! The Bumpy Ride to Star Formation Looking at Other Wavelengths: A Survey of Astronomy Observatories from Radio to Gamma Rays Gravity, From Here to Eternity Have you seen the ...
... Not Stars The Sun's Magnetic Field How Stars Form X-Rays and Gamma Rays on the Sun The Problem with Mars Fasten Your Seatbelts! The Bumpy Ride to Star Formation Looking at Other Wavelengths: A Survey of Astronomy Observatories from Radio to Gamma Rays Gravity, From Here to Eternity Have you seen the ...
Simulating the outer layers of Procyon A: a comparison with the Sun
... heavy elements, which affect the radiative opacities sensitively, the precise helium abundance is a second-order effect in determining the structure and dynamics of the atmosphere. 2.2 The 3D simulation The 3D simulation of Procyon is a square-based box of dimensions 14 500 km × 14 500 km × 16 300 k ...
... heavy elements, which affect the radiative opacities sensitively, the precise helium abundance is a second-order effect in determining the structure and dynamics of the atmosphere. 2.2 The 3D simulation The 3D simulation of Procyon is a square-based box of dimensions 14 500 km × 14 500 km × 16 300 k ...
Numerical models of sunspot formation and fine structure
... understanding of the processes involved in the transport of the magnetic field towards the visible solar surface and formation of active regions and sunspots in the photosphere [3,4]. While the process of flux emergence is formally a part of the dynamo itself, it is typically modelled independently ow ...
... understanding of the processes involved in the transport of the magnetic field towards the visible solar surface and formation of active regions and sunspots in the photosphere [3,4]. While the process of flux emergence is formally a part of the dynamo itself, it is typically modelled independently ow ...
Stonehenge: An Introduction to the concept of the Heaven`s Hinge
... When this experiment is done, the angle down to the sea horizon in front of the Sun proves to be the same in each direction provided the Sun’s rays can skim above water. The Neolithic mound at Bourne Hill, perhaps by chance, is shaped as a dish. This last experiment only shows that the angles to the ...
... When this experiment is done, the angle down to the sea horizon in front of the Sun proves to be the same in each direction provided the Sun’s rays can skim above water. The Neolithic mound at Bourne Hill, perhaps by chance, is shaped as a dish. This last experiment only shows that the angles to the ...
Simulating the outer layers of Procyon A: a comparison with the Sun
... Heavy element diffusion in the envelope is complicated by the fact that both radiative levitation of certain elements and turbulent mixing may also play an important role in inhibiting the gravitational settling (Richer et al. 1998). The Procyon atmosphere typifies the complex transition between the ...
... Heavy element diffusion in the envelope is complicated by the fact that both radiative levitation of certain elements and turbulent mixing may also play an important role in inhibiting the gravitational settling (Richer et al. 1998). The Procyon atmosphere typifies the complex transition between the ...
Coupling from the Photosphere to the Chromosphere and the
... and oversimplified concepts, even when they are didactically nicer than the reality. The solar atmosphere should not be seen as a static stack of layers but rather as intermittent domains that are dynamically coupled together. One example is magnetic flux structures (or “flux tubes”) fanning out wit ...
... and oversimplified concepts, even when they are didactically nicer than the reality. The solar atmosphere should not be seen as a static stack of layers but rather as intermittent domains that are dynamically coupled together. One example is magnetic flux structures (or “flux tubes”) fanning out wit ...
S.V. Berdyugina, I.G. Usoskin, Preferred Longitudes in Sunspot
... time and find that the regions migrate in phase as rigid structures. When a region reaches ϕ = 1, it appears again near ϕ = 0. In such cases we add an integer to the phase and unfold continuous migration of the regions. An example for the solar cycle 18 is shown in Fig. 2. The migration results in a ...
... time and find that the regions migrate in phase as rigid structures. When a region reaches ϕ = 1, it appears again near ϕ = 0. In such cases we add an integer to the phase and unfold continuous migration of the regions. An example for the solar cycle 18 is shown in Fig. 2. The migration results in a ...
Document
... • The sun is not powered by cooling! • Nuclear fusion – We understand the physics of this very well indeed • We can create fusion reactions on Earth! • We can measure the sun’s energy output • We know the processes causing this • We know how much fuel the sun has ...
... • The sun is not powered by cooling! • Nuclear fusion – We understand the physics of this very well indeed • We can create fusion reactions on Earth! • We can measure the sun’s energy output • We know the processes causing this • We know how much fuel the sun has ...
An Ancient Method of Finding and Extending Direction
... It was clearly only necessary to fix one axis; the other axis could be determined by the use of a set square; contemporary buildings with corners forming a perfect right angle prove that an accurate instrument for this purpose must have been available to the pyramid builders. East and west could hav ...
... It was clearly only necessary to fix one axis; the other axis could be determined by the use of a set square; contemporary buildings with corners forming a perfect right angle prove that an accurate instrument for this purpose must have been available to the pyramid builders. East and west could hav ...
(2004) - H. Peter
... higher “filling-factor” than Sun? not enough space on the surface and: also stellar X-rays are structured stellar corona are not only brighter, they have also high densities high temperatures ...
... higher “filling-factor” than Sun? not enough space on the surface and: also stellar X-rays are structured stellar corona are not only brighter, they have also high densities high temperatures ...
Eclipse Box Activity Guide - Girl Scouts of Northern California
... What Is This About? Our Sun shines brightly in the daytime, warms our planet, and helps plants grow. But the sunlight we see with our eyes is only a very small part of the light the Sun gives off. Most sunlight cannot be seen with just our eyes. One type of this invisible light is called “ultraviole ...
... What Is This About? Our Sun shines brightly in the daytime, warms our planet, and helps plants grow. But the sunlight we see with our eyes is only a very small part of the light the Sun gives off. Most sunlight cannot be seen with just our eyes. One type of this invisible light is called “ultraviole ...
Penumbral thermal structure below the visible surface
... Context. The thermal structure of the penumbra below its visible surface (i.e., τ5 ≥ 1) has important implications for our present understanding of sunspots and their penumbrae: their brightness and energy transport, mode conversion of magneto-acoustic waves, sunspot seismology, and so forth. Aims. ...
... Context. The thermal structure of the penumbra below its visible surface (i.e., τ5 ≥ 1) has important implications for our present understanding of sunspots and their penumbrae: their brightness and energy transport, mode conversion of magneto-acoustic waves, sunspot seismology, and so forth. Aims. ...
Three-dimensional simulations of the upper
... Fig. 1. By computing the run of both C[v x v y ] and the rms horizontal velocities over different averaging times, we found that C[v x v y ] was close to zero when the rms horizontal velocities (which are also second-order quantities) were almost equal. Even though these two quantities may appea ...
... Fig. 1. By computing the run of both C[v x v y ] and the rms horizontal velocities over different averaging times, we found that C[v x v y ] was close to zero when the rms horizontal velocities (which are also second-order quantities) were almost equal. Even though these two quantities may appea ...
Science
... of orange juice. 6- The units of measuring the volume of body are cubic centimeter and litre. 7- Balance scales is the tool that is used to measure the mass of vegetables. 6- Give reason for each of the following:1- The car has a volume. Because the car occupies a space. 2- Water is a matter. Becaus ...
... of orange juice. 6- The units of measuring the volume of body are cubic centimeter and litre. 7- Balance scales is the tool that is used to measure the mass of vegetables. 6- Give reason for each of the following:1- The car has a volume. Because the car occupies a space. 2- Water is a matter. Becaus ...
Understanding Precession of the Equinox
... over the last 100 years? (Fig. 1) What could cause it to slow down or speed up? ...
... over the last 100 years? (Fig. 1) What could cause it to slow down or speed up? ...
The prominent 1.6-year periodicity in solar motion due to the inner
... i.e. the difference is about 700 km. This is more, for example, than the depth of the solar photosphere, which is considered to be about 300–500 km. The distance of the Sun’s centre due to the giant planets reaches up to 1.51×106 km, so that a contribution of the inner planets, which goes up to 808. ...
... i.e. the difference is about 700 km. This is more, for example, than the depth of the solar photosphere, which is considered to be about 300–500 km. The distance of the Sun’s centre due to the giant planets reaches up to 1.51×106 km, so that a contribution of the inner planets, which goes up to 808. ...
An additional term of the Galactic tide due to dark matter
... It is the smallest term of all, but is not negligible in more precise calculations for the current location of the Sun in the Galaxy. In the Oort-Cloud dynamical studies in the past, a radial excursion of the Sun has been considered (Matese et al. 1995; Brasser et al. 2010). Because of the a x̃;new ...
... It is the smallest term of all, but is not negligible in more precise calculations for the current location of the Sun in the Galaxy. In the Oort-Cloud dynamical studies in the past, a radial excursion of the Sun has been considered (Matese et al. 1995; Brasser et al. 2010). Because of the a x̃;new ...
lesson plan document only
... Caption: Taken by Hinode's Solar Optical Telescope on Jan. 12, 2007, this image of the sun reveals the filamentary nature of the plasma connecting regions of different magnetic polarity. Hinode captures these very dynamic pictures of the chromosphere. The chromosphere is a thin "layer" of solar atmo ...
... Caption: Taken by Hinode's Solar Optical Telescope on Jan. 12, 2007, this image of the sun reveals the filamentary nature of the plasma connecting regions of different magnetic polarity. Hinode captures these very dynamic pictures of the chromosphere. The chromosphere is a thin "layer" of solar atmo ...
1Lec_1 - The University of Texas at Dallas
... grade for BIO 2111 will be determined by attendance and scores on homework and occasional quizzes, and it will be worth 10% of the overall grade given for BIO 2301. The same grade will be assigned for both BIO 2311 and BIO 2111. If you withdraw from BIO 2311, you must also withdraw from BIO 2111. Th ...
... grade for BIO 2111 will be determined by attendance and scores on homework and occasional quizzes, and it will be worth 10% of the overall grade given for BIO 2301. The same grade will be assigned for both BIO 2311 and BIO 2111. If you withdraw from BIO 2311, you must also withdraw from BIO 2111. Th ...
THE LUYINOSITY VARIABILITY OF SOLAR
... vective envelope, which further alters the accounting. Depending on its specific initial conditions, an infant sunlike star may settle down more-or-less directly onto the main sequence, with a rotation period of a few days, or it may undergo a more dramatic spin-up, spin-down episode which, neverth ...
... vective envelope, which further alters the accounting. Depending on its specific initial conditions, an infant sunlike star may settle down more-or-less directly onto the main sequence, with a rotation period of a few days, or it may undergo a more dramatic spin-up, spin-down episode which, neverth ...
Lecture17
... which extends 1/4 of the way to the surface The core contains 1/3 of the mass of the star Temperatures reach 15 million K and the density is 150 times the density of water The energy is transported toward the surface by radiation until it reaches 70% of the distance from the center to the surface wh ...
... which extends 1/4 of the way to the surface The core contains 1/3 of the mass of the star Temperatures reach 15 million K and the density is 150 times the density of water The energy is transported toward the surface by radiation until it reaches 70% of the distance from the center to the surface wh ...
Enhanced temperature regions in the polar zones of the Sun
... short term changes in the atmospheric attenuation. Solar maps are measured by scanning the solar disk in right ascension and by changing the declination in small steps between the subsequent scans. Typical solar maps with an ETR in the North are shown in Fig. 1. Localised areas of enhanced temperatu ...
... short term changes in the atmospheric attenuation. Solar maps are measured by scanning the solar disk in right ascension and by changing the declination in small steps between the subsequent scans. Typical solar maps with an ETR in the North are shown in Fig. 1. Localised areas of enhanced temperatu ...
Sun
The Sun (in Greek: Helios, in Latin: Sol) is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. It is a nearly perfect spherical ball of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. Its diameter is about 109 times that of Earth, and it has a mass about 330,000 times that of Earth, accounting for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.About three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen; the rest is mostly helium, with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V) based on spectral class and it is informally referred to as a yellow dwarf. It formed approximately 4.567 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of matter within a region of a large molecular cloud. Most of this matter gathered in the center, whereas the rest flattened into an orbiting disk that became the Solar System. The central mass became increasingly hot and dense, eventually initiating nuclear fusion in its core. It is thought that almost all stars form by this process. The Sun is roughly middle aged and has not changed dramatically for four billion years, and will remain fairly stable for another four billion years. However, after hydrogen fusion in its core has stopped, the Sun will undergo severe changes and become a red giant. It is calculated that the Sun will become sufficiently large to engulf the current orbits of Mercury, Venus, and possibly Earth.The enormous effect of the Sun on the Earth has been recognized since prehistoric times, and the Sun has been regarded by some cultures as a deity. Earth's movement around the Sun is the basis of the solar calendar, which is the predominant calendar in use today.