Download Chapter 27-America and the World, 1921-1945

Unit 13 – Terms and Concepts
Chapters 26 & 27
Irish/BHS
Spring, 2013
Chapter 27-America and the World, 1921-1945
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Kellog-Briand Pact
American isolationism
American disillusionment following WWI
Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 – deepens the global economic depression
Roosevelt’s recognition of the Soviet Union in 1933
Clark Memorandum
Roosevelt’s “Good Neighbor” policy
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934
Washington Disarmament Conference of 1921
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Five Power Treaty
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Nine Power Treaty
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Four Power Treaty
Stimson Doctrine – U.S. refuses to recognize the legality of the Japanese
seizure of Manchuria (pg. 794)
Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union (takes power in 1922)
Germany, Adolf Hitler, and the Nazis (takes power in 1933)
Italy and Benito Mussolini (takes power in 1922)
Hideki Tojo and Japanese Militarization
Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis Alliance
America’s Road to War, 1914-1917 by Walter Millis
Pacifist movement in the United States
Senator Gerald Nye and the Nye Committee Report
Neutrality Act of 1935
Neutrality Act of 1936
Neutrality Act of 1937
International Economic Conference in London in 1933
FDR’s changing stance on neutrality (pg. 797)
FDR’s “Quarantine” Speech in Chicago – October, 1937
German aggression in Europe
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Nuremberg Laws implemented against German Jews (1935)
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German invasion of the Rhineland (March, 1936)
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German invasion of Austria (March, 1938)
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Munich Conference/Munich Agreement (policy of
appeasement) - Germany gets the Sudetenland region of
Czechoslovakia (September, 1938)
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Kristallnacht in Germany “Night of Broken Glass” (November 910, 1938)
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German invasion of all of Czechoslovakia (March, 1939)
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Nazi-Soviet Pact/non-aggression pact (August, 1939)
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German invasion of Poland and the beginning of WWII –
Britain and France declare war on Germany (September, 1939)
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German invasion of Denmark and Norway (April, 19400
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blitzkrieg (lightening war) – May, 1940
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German invasion of France (June, 1940) – ends U.S. neutrality
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The Holocaust
Neutrality Act of 1939 = “cash-and-carry” (pg. 798) – triggered by German
invasion of Poland.
America First Committee (pg. 799)
Election of 1940 – Roosevelt (Democrat) vs. Wendell Wilkie (Republican)
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FDR gets reelected to a 3rd term!
Lend-Lease Act (1941) – Roosevelt’s call for America to become “the great
arsenal of democracy”.
Japanese aggression in China and South East Asia and the U.S. response?
Tripartite Pact – Germany, Italy, and Japan
U.S. trade embargo (including oil) on Japan (July, 1941)
December 7, 1941 “a date which will live in infamy” – Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor
General Douglas MacArthur – U.S. Commander in the Pacific.
Advantages and Strategies of the Allied Forces
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Decision to defeat Germany first before focusing on Japan
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Opening a two-front war against Germany
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Full-scale invasion of the European continent.
Declaration of the United Nations (December, 1941)
Growing tension between the United States and the Soviet Union (pg.
804-805)
Island-hopping campaigns against Japan
Battle of Midway
Impact of WWII on the Home Front
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Military mobilization and war production
i. War Production Board (WPB)
ii. Office of Price Administration
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Wartime economic prosperity and growing affluence (pg. 807)
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Movement and migration of the American population
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Changes to family life (pg. 808-809)
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Changing roles and contributions of women during WWII
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Impact of WWII on African Americans
i. A. Phillip Randolph
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Impact of WWII on Mexican American & Mexican Immigrants
i. Bracero work program
ii. “zoot-suit” riots (pg. 810)
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Japanese Internment
i. Executive Order 9066
ii. Korematsu v. United States (1944)
iii. Hirabayashi v. United States (1943)
Election of 1944 – Roosevelt (Democrat) vs. Thomas Dewey (Republican)
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FDR gets reelected to a 4th term!
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FDR nominates Harry S. Truman as his Vice President
D-Day (June 6, 1944) – U.S. led invasion of the European continent to
defeat Germany. U.S. forces led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower.
May 7, 1945 – Germany unconditionally surrenders to the Allies (V-E Day)
Postwar goals in Europe – United States versus the Soviet Union
Atlantic Charter
The Big Three – Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
Teheran Conference (1943)
Yalta Conference (February, 1945)
FDR’s death and Truman’s presidency
Manhattan Project
Potsdam Conference (July, 1945) – Truman, Churchill, and Stalin
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Demanded Japan’s unconditional surrender, otherwise Japan
would face total destruction.
U.S. decision to drop the atom bombs on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) and
Nagasaki (August 9, 1945)
August 14, 1945 – Japan unconditionally surrenders (V-J Day)
Lasting effects of WWII on American life (pg. 818)