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The Hydrologic Cycle - Water is essential to all life on Earth, it covers 75% of the earth’s surface and 80% of the human body is made of water. The Hydrologic Cycle: - Serves to distribute water over the earth. - Aids in the process of water filtration/purification. -The hydrologic cycle begins in the oceans Evaporation: Water is changed from liquid to a vapour when heated. Water leaves behind salts and other impurities as it evaporates. As the evaporated moisture rises, it declines in temperature at the average rate of 1°C/100m. Moving air masses carry the vapour over the land. Condensation: Water vapour is changed to a liquid (or solid). A critical temperature called “dewpoint” is reached and the heat absorbed to change from liquid to vapour is lost. At this point liquid water droplets must form around a nucleus particle such as dust, smog or other air pollutant. Precipitation: Liquid water falls to the earth in many forms including rain, hail or snow. It may re-evaporate while falling. Interception: Water which lands on tree leaves, other plant leaves such as grass and does NOT enter the ground. This water usually evaporates. Transpiration: Water, in a vapour state, contributed to the atmosphere by the exhalation (breathing) of plants and animals. Precipitaion May: a) Evaporate back into the atmosphere b) Soak into the soil (INFILTRATION) c) Travel downhill back into a body of water (RUNOFF) Moisture May: a) Return to the surface of soil (CAPPILLARY ACTION) and evaporate b) Continue to move underground into underground streams. c) Continue moving through underground streams into water bodies. Surface Moisture May: a) Evaporate to the atmosphere b) Ultimately reach the ocean