Download COMMENT PERIOD: 27 October – 26 December 2016

DJS 112: Part 3: 20xx
ICS 93.080.20
ISSUED FOR COMMENTS ONLY
Draft Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates,
sands and fillers – Part 3: Description and Classification
BUREAU OF STANDARDS JAMAICA
Bureau of Standards Jamaica
6 Winchester Road
P.O. Box 113
Kingston 10
Jamaica, WI
Tel: 876 632 4275 or 876 619 1131
Fax: 876 929 4736
E-mail: [email protected]
Month 20xx
COMMENT PERIOD: 27 October – 26 December 2016
.
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6 Winchester Road
P.O. Box 113
Kingston 10
Jamaica W.I.
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JS 112: Part 3: 20XX
NAME OR DESIGNATION………………………………………………….………………………………......
ADDRESS……………………………………………………………………….………….……………………
….……………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
JBS CERTIFICATION MARK PROGRAMME
The general policies of the JBS Certification Mark Programme are as follows:
-
The JBS provides certification services for manufacturers participating in the programme and licensed
to use the gazetted JBS Certification Marks to indicate conformity with Jamaican Standards.
-
Where feasible, programmes will be developed to meet special requirements of the submitter. Where
applicable, certification may form the basis for acceptance by inspection authorities responsible for
enforcement of regulations.
-
In performing its functions in accordance with its policies, JBS will not assume or undertake any
responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party.
Participants in the programme should note that in the event of failure to resolve an issue arising from
interpretation of requirements, there is a formal appeal procedure.
Further information concerning the details of the JBS Certification Mark Programme may be obtained from
the Bureau of Standards, 6 Winchester Road, Kingston 10.
CERTIFICATION MARKS
Product Certification Marks
Certification of Agricultural Produce
(CAP) Mark
ii
Plant Certification Mark
Jamaica-Made Mark (JMM)
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
© 20XX Bureau of Standards
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of a Bureau of Standards publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including, photocopying microfilm or scanning, without
permission in writing from the Bureau of Standards Jamaica.
ISBN XXX XXX XXX XXX X
Declared by the Bureau of Standards to be a standard specification pursuant to section 7 of the Standards Act 1968.
First published Month 20XX
This standard was circulated in the draft form for comment under the reference DJS 112: Part 3: 20XX.
Jamaican Standards establish requirements in relation to commodities, processes and practices, but do not purport to
include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
The attention of those using this standard specification is called to the necessity of complying with any relevant
legislation.
Amendments
No.
Date of Issue
Remarks
Entered by and date
iii
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Contents
Page
Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................v
1
Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1
2
Normative references ............................................................................................................................1
3
Apparatus ...............................................................................................................................................1
4
Sampling .................................................................................................................................................2
5
Examination procedure .........................................................................................................................2
6
Reporting ................................................................................................................................................2
7
Nomenclature .........................................................................................................................................3
Standards Council ........................................................................................................................................... 14
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Foreword
This standard has been prepared by the Jamaica Bureau of Standards' Aggregates Committee. Metric
dimensions are used throughout the standard as part of the national policy to change to the metric system.
The standard is Part 3 of a twelve part standard outlining methods of test for the sampling and testing of
Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers. The standard is considered to be mandatory.
This part (Part 3) covers description and classification..
Part 1 covers sampling of aggregates.
Part 2 covers reducing samples of aggregate to testing size
Part 4 covers determination of particle size distribution.
Part 5 covers particle shape
Part 6 covers clay lumps and friable particles
Part 7 covers moisture content
Part 8 covers soundness
Part 9 covers particle density and water absorption
Part 10 covers bulk density
Part 11 covers sand equivalent value
Part 12 covers liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity Index
Information on any other methods of tests that are thought suitable for extensive use, or suggestions for
improvement of the specified methods are welcome and will be considered when the standard becomes
due for revision (5 years).
Committee representation
The revision of this standard for the Standards Council, established by the Standards Act 1968 was carried
out under the supervision of the Bureau’s Aggregates Technical Committee which at the time comprised the
following members:
Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement is made to the following institution for permission to reproduce material from the related
documents outlined below.
American Society for Testing and Materials
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Related documents
This standard makes reference to the following:
ASTM C294
Standard Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C295
Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
BS EN 932
Tests for general properties of aggregates
simplified petrographic description
JS 112
Part 1
Part 4
vi
— Part 3: Procedure and terminology for
Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers
Sampling of Aggregates
Determination of particle size distribution
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands
and fillers – Part 3: Description and Classification
1
Scope
This Jamaican Standard specifies a basic procedure for the petrographic examination of aggregates for the
purposes of general classification. Such an examination is required to classify the constituent materials of the
sample, to determine the relative amounts of each constituent material, to assess the degree of weathering
and to provide a gauge of the shape and size of the constituent materials. This standard is applicable to
natural and artificial aggregates. In cases where a more comprehensive description is required ASTM C295 is
recommended.
2
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM C294, Standard Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C295, Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
BS EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 3: Procedure and terminology for simplified
petrographic description
JS 112: 2015, Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and
fillers — Part 1: Sampling of Aggregates
JS 112: 2015, Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and
fillers — Part 4: Determination of particle size distribution
3
Apparatus
Apparatus shall consist of:
1)
Hand-lens
2)
Penknife
3)
Stereoscopic microscope (magnification: typically 10x to 100x)
4)
Polarizing microscope
5)
Reagent, dilute hydrochloric acid (10%)
6)
Test sieves as are required for Sieve Analysis
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
4
Sampling
Sampling of aggregates shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements detailed in JS 112: Part 1.
5
5.1
Examination procedure
Sample should be dry sieved according to JS 112: Part 4.
5.2 Identify the major rock types by visual examination or by using a hand lens or microscope. If possible
examine a broken or scratched surface. It may also be necessary to test the reaction when a small portion of
acid is applied to the specimen. To enhance the visual characteristics the specimen may be subjected to other
treatments including washing, cutting and polishing.
5.3 Degree of weathering – evidence of weathering should be noted. The degree should be noted as not
weathered, slightly weathered, moderately weathered, or severely weathered. Porous rocks should be noted.
5.4
The presence of an exterior coating on the surface of the grains shall be noted.
5.5 Particles should be grouped according to rock or mineral type and the particle count in each group
recorded. These particles may then be described by the following features:
1)
Particle shape
2)
Texture
3)
Colour
4)
Existence of pores
5)
Coatings and incrustations
6)
Presence of components which are deleterious to concrete.
NOTE 1
"Coarse" grains are visible to the naked eye, and the minerals can usually be identified using a magnifier;
"fine" grains are smaller and usually cannot be identified with a magnifier.
NOTE 2
Hardness actually refers to minerals rather than rocks, so a rock may be crumbly yet consist of hard minerals.
But in simple terms, "hard" rock scratches glass and steel, usually signifying the minerals quartz or feldspar (Mohs
hardness 6-7 and up); "soft" rock will scratch a fingernail (Mohs 3-5.5); "very soft" rock is scratched by fingernails (Mohs 12). Igneous rocks are always hard. Metamorphic rocks are generally hard.
6
Reporting
The test report shall include:
2
1)
the essential data needed to identify the sample as to source
2)
the composition and properties (shape, texture, colour) of the material as revealed by the
examination
3)
a description of the nature and features of each constituent of the sample.
4)
the degree of weathering
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
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Nomenclature
The description of aggregates and its components should reflect the standard nomenclature of geological
materials and should be in the format of Rocks then minerals then fragments. Rocks are classified, according
to their origins, into three major categories: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. (see ASTM C294).
Minerals are classified based on their physical as well as their chemical properties.
First, decide whether rock is primarily igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic:
Igneous rocks are tough, frozen melts with little texture or layering; mostly black, white and/or gray minerals;
may look like granite or like lava.
Sedimentary rocks are hardened sediment with sandy or clayey layers (strata); mostly brown to gray; may
have fossils and water or wind marks.
Metamorphic rocks are tough, with straight or curved layers (foliation) of light and dark minerals; various
colours; often glittery with mica.
Next, check the rock's grain size and hardness and classify according to the tables below
Table 1 — Description of Igneous Rocks
Grain Size
Usual
Colour
Other Prominent
Features
Composition
Rock Type
Fine
dark
glassy appearance
lava glass
Obsidian
Fine
light
many small bubbles
lava froth from sticky Pumice
lava
Fine
dark
many large bubbles
lava froth from fluid lava
Scoria
high-silica lava
Felsite
fine
mixed
or light
Contains quartz
fine
mixed
or medium
between felsite and medium-silica lava
basalt
Andesite
fine
mixed
or dark
has no quartz
Basalt
low-silica lava
Mixed
any colour
large grains in fine- large
grains
feldspar, quartz,
grained matrix
pyroxene or olivine
Coarse
light
wide range of colour feldspar and quartz with Granite
and grain size
minor mica, amphibole
or pyroxene
Coarse
light
like
granite
of Porphyry
but feldspar with minor mica, Syenite
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
without quartz
amphibole or pyroxene
Coarse
light
to little
or
medium
feldspar
Coarse
medium to little or no quartz
dark
Coarse
medium to no quartz; may have high-calcium plagioclase Gabbro
olivine
dark
and dark minerals
coarse
dark
dense; always has olivine with amphibole Peridotite
olivine
and/or pyroxene
coarse
dark
dense
mostly pyroxene with Pyroxenite
olivine and amphibole
coarse
green
dense
at least 90% olivine
very
coarse
any colour
usually
in
small typically granitic
intrusive bodies
4
no alkali plagioclase and quartz Tonalite
with dark minerals
low-calcium plagioclase Diorite
and dark minerals
Obsidian
Pumice
Scoria
Felsite
Dunite
Pegmatite
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Andesite
Basalt
Porphyry
Granite
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
6
Syenite
Tonalite
Diorite
Gabbro
Peridotite
Pyroxenite
Dunite
Pegmatite
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Figure 1 — Pictures of Igneous Rocks
Table 2 — Description of Sedimentary Rocks
Hardness Grain Size
Other Prominent
Features
Composition
Rock Type
hard
coarse
white to brown
clean quartz
Sandstone
hard
coarse
usually very coarse
quartz and feldspar
Arkose
hard
soft
or mixed
gray or
"dirty"
dark
and mixed
sediment Wacke/Graywacke
with rock grains and
clay
hard
soft
or mixed
round rocks in finer mixed rocks
sediment matrix
sediment
and Conglomerate
hard
soft
or mixed
sharp pieces in finer mixed rocks
sediment matrix
sediment
and Breccia
hard
fine
feels gritty on teeth
very fine sand; no Siltstone
clay
hard
fine
no fizzing with acid
chalcedony
Chert
Soft
fine
splits in layers
clay minerals
Shale
Soft
fine
black; burns with tarry carbon
smoke
Coal
Soft
fine
Fizzes with acid
Limestone
Soft
coarse
fine
calcite
or Negligible fizzing with dolomite
acid unless powdered
Dolomite
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Soft
coarse
mostly pieces
fossil shells
Coquina
very soft
coarse
salt taste
halite
Rock salt
very soft
coarse
white, tan or pink
gypsum
Gypsum
8
Sandstone
Arkose
Wacke/Greywacke
Conglomerate
Breccia
Siltstone
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Chert
Shale
Coal
Limestone
Coquina
Gypsum
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Figure 2 — Pictures of Sedimentary Rocks
Table 3 — Description of Metamorphic Rocks
Foliation
Grain
Size
Usual
Colour
Other
Rock Type
foliated
fine
light
very soft; greasy feel
Soapstone
foliated
fine
dark
soft; strong cleavage
Slate
nonfoliated
fine
dark
soft; massive structure
Argillite
foliated
fine
dark
shiny; crinkly foliation
Phyllite
foliated
coarse
mixed dark crushed and stretched fabric; Mylonite
and light
deformed large crystals
foliated
coarse
mixed dark wrinkled foliation; often has large Schist
and light
crystals
foliated
coarse
mixed
banded
Gneiss
foliated
coarse
mixed
distorted "melted" layers
Migmatite
foliated
coarse
dark
mostly hornblende
Amphibolite
nonfoliated
fine
greenish
soft; shiny, mottled surface
Serpentinite
nonfoliated
fine
10
or dark
dull and opaque colors, found Hornfels
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
coarse
near intrusions
nonfoliated
coarse
red
green
and dense; garnet and pyroxene
nonfoliated
coarse
light
soft; calcite or dolomite by
the acid test
Marble
nonfoliated
coarse
light
quartz (no fizzing with acid)
Quartzite
Soapstone
Slate
Argillite
Phyllite
Mylonite
Schist
Eclogite
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
12
Gneiss
Migmatite
Amphibolite
Serpentinite
Hornfels
Eclogite
DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Marble
Quartzite
Figure 3 — Pictures of Metamorphic Rocks
...
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DJS 112: Part 3: 2016
Standards Council
The Standards Council is the controlling body of the Bureau of Standards and is responsible for the policy and general
administration of the Bureau.
The Council is appointed by the Minister in the manner provided for in the Standards Act, 1968. Using its powers in the Standards
Act, the Council appoints committees for specified purposes.
The Standard Act, 1968 sets out the duties of the Council and the steps to be followed for the formulation of a standard.
Preparation of standards documents
The following is an outline of the procedure which must be followed in the preparation of documents:
a) The preparation of standards documents is undertaken upon the Standards Council’s authorization. This may arise out of
representations from national organisations or existing Bureau of Standards’ Committees or Bureau’s staff. If the project
is approved it is referred to the appropriate sectional committee or if none exists a new committee is formed or the
project is assigned to a Bureau staff.
b) If necessary, when the final draft of a standard is ready, the Council authorizes an approach to the Minister in order to
obtain the formal concurrence of any other Minister who may be responsible for any area which the standard may affect.
c) With the approval of the Standards Council, the draft document is made available for general public comments. All
interested parties, by means of a notice in the Press, are invited to comment. In addition, copies are forwarded to those
known, interested in the subject.
d) The committee considers all the comments received and recommends a final document to the Standards Council.
e) The Standards Council recommends the document to the Minister for publication.
f) The Minister approves the recommendation of the Standards Council.
g) The declaration of the standard is gazzetted and copies placed on sale.
h) On the recommendation of the Standards Council the Minister may declare a standard to be compulsory.
i) Amendments to and revisions of standards normally require the same procedure as is applied to the preparation of the
original standard.
Overseas Standards documents
The Bureau of Standards maintains a reference library which includes the standards of many overseas standard organizations.
These standards can be inspected upon request.
The Bureau can supply on demand copies of standards produced by some national standards and is the agency for the sale of
standards produced by International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) members.
Application to use the reference library and to purchase Jamaican and other standard documents should be addressed to:
Bureau of Standards
6 Winchester Road,
P.O. Box 113,
Kingston 10,
Jamaica, W.I.
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