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World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 Unit 1: Prehistory and the Rise of Civilizations (Chapters 1, 2, and 3) Vocabulary: 1. Artifact 2. Culture 17. Mesopotamia 33. Loess 48. Enlightenment 18. City-State 34. Mandate of 49. Nirvana 3. Hominid 19. Dynasty 4. Paleolithic Age 20. Cultural 5. Neolithic Age 6. Homo Sapiens 7. Nomads 8. Hunter- diffusion 21. Polytheism 22. Hammurabi 23. Delta Heaven 35. Dynastic Cycle 36. Feudalism 37. IndoEuropeans 51. Aegean Sea 52. Knossos 53. Phoenicians 38. Steppes 54. Palestine 39. Migration 55. Canaan 40. Hittites 56. Torah 41. Anatolia 57. Abraham 42. Aryans 58. Monotheism 43. Vedas 59. Covenant Gatherers 24. Narmer 9. Domestication 25. Pharaoh 10. Civilization 26. Theocracy 11. Specialization 27. Pyramid 12. Scribe 28. 13. Cuneiform 29. Hieroglyphic 44. Caste 14. Bronze Age 30. Papyrus 45. Mahabharata 15. Ziggurat 31. Subcontinent 46. Reincarnation, 16. Fertile 32. Monsoon Brahmin Mummification Karma Crescent 50. Minoans 47. Siddhartha Gautama Questions Chapters 1 and 2 1. What clues do bones and artifacts give about early peoples? 60. Moses 61. Israel 62. Judah World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 2. What were the major achievements in human history during the Old Stone Age? 3. Why would hunter-gatherers have to lead a nomadic life? 4. What advantages did domestication of animals offer Neolithic people? 5. How did the development of agriculture lead to the establishment of villages? 6. What major fact shows the importance of religion to the Sumerians? 7. What was the relationship of religion, government, and trade in Sumer? 8. Why did the growth of civilization make government necessary? 9. How did floods in the Fertile Crescent make farming difficult? 10. How did Sumer’s location in the Fertile Crescent allow the civilization to have specialized workers? 11. In what ways was Hammurabi’s Code like our laws today? 12. What was the main difference between the flooding of the Nile and that of the rivers in Mesopotamia? 13. What was the purpose of the pyramids? 14. How did building the pyramids show the power of the Egyptian pharaohs? 15. What was the purpose of mummification? 16. How did being surrounded by deserts benefit Egypt? 17. What is the Indian Subcontinent? 18. What is a Monsoon? 19. What problems could a monsoon cause? 20. What do the planned cities of the Indus Valley people tell us about their culture? 21. What reasons are suggested for the disappearance of the Indus Valley civilization? 22. How were Sumerians, Egyptians, and the people of the Harappan civilization similar in their use of the environment? Questions Chapter 3 1. How are the Indo-Europeans linked to modern people of Europe and Southwest Asia? 2. Why was the change from bronze to iron technology important? 3. What effects would a rigid caste system have on a society? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 4. What important contributions did the Aryans make to the culture and way of life in India in terms of religion, literature, and roles in society? 5. How do Hinduism and Jainism encourage moral conduct? 6. Why is the eight-fold path called the Middle Way? 7. What were the attitudes of Hindus and Buddhists toward women? 8. What are the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism? 9. How has Hinduism influenced social structure in India? 10. What role did geography play in Minoan culture’s influence on Greek culture? 11. What was an advantage of Phoenicia being a collection of city states? 12. In what ways are the Torah and the Vedas similar? 13. How were the roles of Saul and David similar and different in establishing the kingdom of Israel? 14. Why might a stronger power accept tribute from a weaker state rather than attacking and annexing it? 15. What were the main problems faced by the Hebrews between 2000 b.c.e. and 700 b.c.e.? Chapter 4: Egypt and China Vocabulary: 1. Hyksos 8. Piankhi 15. Cyrus 22. Bureaucracy 2. New Kingdom 9. Meroé 16. Cambyses 23. Daoism 3. Hatshepsut 10. Assyria 17. Darius 24. Legalism 4. Thutmose III 11. Nineveh 18. Satrap 25. Qin Dynasty 5. Nubia 12. Medes 19. Royal Road 26. Shi Huangdi 6. Ramses II 13. Chaldeans 20. Zoroaster 7. Kush 14. 21. Confucius Nebuchadnezzar Questions: 1. How did the invasion of Egypt by the Hyksos demonstrate the importance of military technology? 2. What evidence supports the idea that Egypt’s decline was political but not cultural? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 3. What role did geography play in Egypt’s rise and fall? 4. What advantages did the Assyrian military demonstrate? 5. Why did Cyrus pray in the temples of the conquered? 6. What did Zoroaster teach? 7. Summarize Confucian ideas about the family and about society. 8. How were Shi Huangdi’s policies similar to those of the Persian ruler Darius? 9. What did Legalists see as the key to restoring order? Unit 2: Greece and Rome (Chapters 5 and 6) Vocabulary 1. 2. Mycenaean 16. Phalanx 3. Trojan War 17. Persian wars 4. Dorian 18. Direct 5. Homer 6. Epic 7. Myth 8. Polis 9. Acropolis 29. Alexander the Great 30. Darius III democracy 31. Hellenistic 19. Classical art 32. Alexandria 20. Tragedy 33. Euclid 21. Comedy 34. Archimedes 22. Peloponnesian 35. Colossus of War Rhodes 42. Dictator 43. Legion 44. Punic Wars 45. Hannibal 46. Julius Caesar 47. Triumvirate 48. Augustus 49. Pax Romana 10. Monarchy 23. Philosopher 36. Republic 50. Jesus 11. Aristocracy 24. Socrates 37. Patrician 51. Apostle 12. Oligarchy 25. Plato 38. Plebeian 52. Paul 13. Tyrant 26. Aristotle 39. Tribune 53. Diaspora 14. Democracy 27. Philip II 40. Consul 54. Constantine 15. Helot 28. Macedonia 41. Senate 55. Bishop World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 56. Peter 59. Constantinople 62. Virgil 57. Pope 60. Attila 63. Tacitus 58. Diocletian 61. Pompeii 64. Aqueduct Questions 1. How did the geography of Greece affect its development? 2. Why did most Greeks identify with their local community instead of Greece as a whole 3. Why were the epics of importance to the Greeks of the Dorian period? 4. What were advantages and disadvantages of the city-state as a form of government? 5. Which Athenian leader’s reforms most resemble aspects of U.S. democracy? 6. How does an aristocracy differ from an oligarchy? 7. How was living in Athens different than living in Sparta? 8. What sorts of artistic values did classical artists celebrate? 9. What advantages did each the Spartans and Athenians hold during the Peloponnesian Wars? 10. How does the trial of Socrates reflect on Athenian democracy? 11. What was the military consequence of the lack of unity among Greek city-states? 12. How was Philip II able to conquer Greece? 13. What happened to Alexander’s empire after his death? 14. Why would Alexander have founded a library in Alexandria? 15. How did trade contribute to cultural diversity in the Hellenistic city of Alexandria? 16. Describe how the growth of Alexander’s empire spread Greek culture. 17. What were the similarities and differences between Rome’s patricians and plebeians? 18. What limits were there on the power of the Roman consuls? 19. What factors contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic? 20. What measures did the government take to distract and control the masses of Rome? 21. How were Jesus’ teachings at odds with Roman values and religious ideas? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 22. Explain how establishing a church structure helped Christianity spread. 23. What was the importance of the Nicene Creed? 24. What were the main causes of the empire’s decline? Chapter 11: Byzantium, Turks, and Russia Vocabulary: 1. 2. Justinian 8. Cyrillic Alphabet 14. Czar 3. Justinian Code 9. Slavs 15. Seljuks 4. Hagia Sophia 10. Vladimir 16. Vizier 5. Patriarch 11. Yaroslav the Wise 17. Malik Shah 6. Icon 12. Alexander Nevsky 7. Excommunication 13. Ivan III Questions: 1. What were the names and characteristics of the four parts of the Justinian Code? 2. What were some important features of life in Constantinople? 3. Which peoples attacked the Byzantine Empire? What part of the empire did they invade? 4. What two main religions emerged out of the split in the Christian Church? 5. What does The Primary Chronicle say about Rurik and the origin of Novgorod? 6. According to The Primary Chronicle, how did Vladimir choose Byzantine Christianity? 7. How did Moscow’s location contribute to its growth? 8. What event marked Russia’s liberation from Mongol rule? 9. In what ways did the Turks show respect for their Persian subjects? 10. What group eventually conquered the empire established by the Seljuk Turks? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 Unit 3: The Rise and Expansion of the Muslim World (Chapters 10 and 18) Vocabulary: 1. 2. Allah 12. Caliph 22. Ghazi 32. Shah 3. Muhammad 13. Umayyads 23. Ottoman 33. Shah Abbas 4. Islam 14. Shi’a 24. Sultan 34. Esfahan 5. Muslim 15. Sunni 25. Timur the 35. Mughal Lame 6. Hijrah 16. Sufi 7. Mosque 17. Abbasids 8. Hajj 18. Al-Andalus 9. Qur’an 19. Fatimid 28. Devshirme 39. Shah Jahan 10. Sunna 20. House of 29. Janissary 40. Taj Mahal 30. Safavid 41. Aurangzeb 11. Shari’a Wisdom 21. Calligraphy 26. Mehmed II 27. Suleyman the Lawgiver 36. Babur 37. Akbar 38. Sikh 31. Isma’il Questions: 1. Describe the religious environment into which Muhammad was born. 2. Why did many people in Mecca reject Muhammad’s ideas at first? 3. How did early Muslims view and treat Jews and Christians? 4. Why were the “rightly guided” caliphs so successful in spreading Islam? 5. What were the main reasons for the split between the Sunni and the Shi’a? 6. Why did trade flourish under the Abbasids? 7. How was Muslim society structured? 8. What were some of the practical reasons Muslims had for supporting the advancement of science? 9. In which fields of learning did Muslims excel? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 10. How did the art and architecture of the Muslims reflect cultural blending? 11. Why were the Ottomans such successful conquerors? 12. How did Mehmed the Conqueror show his tolerance of other cultures? 13. Why was Selim’s capture of Mecca, Medina, and Cairo so significant? 14. What are some of the causes of cultural blending in the Safavid Empire? 15. In what ways did the Safavids weave foreign ideas into their culture? 16. In what ways did Akbar defend religious freedom during his reign? 17. How did Akbar’s successors promote religious conflict in the empire? Unit 4: Asian Empires (Chapters 7 and 12) Vocabulary: 1. 2. Mauryan Empire 3. Asoka 4. Tamil 5. Gupta Empire 6. Patriarchal 7. Matriarchal 8. Mahayana 11. Brahma 20. Assimilation 29. Kublai Khan 12. Vishnu 21. Tang Taizong 30. Marco Polo 13. Shiva 22. Wu Zhao 31. Shinto 14. Kalidasa 23. Movable type 32. Samurai 15. Silk Roads 24. Gentry 33. Bushido 16. Han Dynasty 25. Pastoralist 34. Shogun 17. Centralized 26. Clan 35. Khmer Empire 27. Genghis Khan 36. Angkor Wat 28. Pax Mongolica 37. Koryu Dynasty government 9. Theravada 18. Civil service 10. Stupa 19. Monopoly Questions: 1. What were three significant accomplishments of the Mauryan rulers? 2. How did India change during the 500 years between the decline of the Mauryan Empire and the rise of the Gupta Empire? World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 3. How did the southern tip of India differ from the rest of India? 4. How did changes in Buddhism influence art in India? 5. What advances in science and mathematics had been made in India by about 500? 6. What were the economic and cultural links between India and Southeast Asia? 7. Why was Wudi one of China’s most significant rulers? Explain. 8. Under the Chinese Civil-Service system, who could become government officials? 9. How did silk influence China’s government, economy, and culture during the Han period? 10. How did economic problems lead to the decline of the Han? 11. Why was the reform of the civil service under the Tang so significant? 12. How did changes in agriculture support other developments during the Song Dynasty? 13. Why were nomads and settled people sometime in conflict 14. What were the most important accomplishments of the Mongol Empire? 15. Explain how Kublai Khan treated his Chinese subjects? 16. How did Kublai Khan encourage trade? 17. Describe the impact of Chinese culture on Japan. 18. How did feudalism develop in Japan? 19. What is Japanese feudalism? 20. Describe the two sources of prosperity for Southeast Asian Empires. 21. What were the major accomplishments of the Koryu Dynasty Unit 5: Africa (Chapters 8 and 15) Vocabulary: 1. 2. Sahara 5. Animism 3. Sahel 6. Griot 4. Savanna 7. Nok 8. Djenné – Djeno 9. Migration 10. Push-pull factors 11. BantuSpeaking Peoples World History K. Davies Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 12. Aksum 18. Patrilineal 24. Mali 30. Yoruba 13. Adulis 19. Matrilineal 25. Sundiata 31. Benin 14. Ezana 20. Maghrib 26. Mansa Musa 32. Swahili 15. Terraces 21. Almoravids 27. Ibn Battuta 33. Great 16. Lineage 22. Almohads 28. Songhai 17. Stateless 23. Ghana 29. Hausa societies Questions: 1. How did geographic features affect the settlement of Africa? 2. What technology did Nok introduce to West Africa? 3. What circumstances enabled Djenné – Djeno to become a bustling trade center? 4. What are three general causes of migration? 5. How are push-pull factors related to migration? 6. What caused the Bantu-speaking peoples to migrate? 7. Why were the migrations of Bantu speakers so extensive and successful? 8. Why was Aksum able to control international trade? 9. In what ways did Ezana contribute to the rise of his kingdom? 10. Why did Aksum fall? 11. How is a dispute settled in Efe society? 12. What is an age-set system? 13. How were the beginnings of the Almoravid and Almohad empires similar? 14. What accounted for Ghana’s financial success? 15. What were two ways that Islam spread through Africa? 16. What was the economy of the Hausa city-states like? 17. How did the Swahili language evolve? 18. Why was it important for Kilwa to control Sofala? Zimbabwe 34. Mutapa World History Review: Fall Semester 2009-2010 19. Who was most affected by the introduction of Islam to East Africa? 20. What was the relationship of Great Zimbabwe to the Mutapa Empire? K. Davies