Download Unit 1 Cell Biology: Success Criteria

Unit 1 Cell Biology: Success Criteria
KA1 Cell Structure
Describe the ultra-structure of typical plant, animal, fungi and bacteria cells.
State the functions of organelles found in typical plant, animal, fungal and
bacterial cells.
KA2 Transport Across Cell Membranes
Describe the components of the cell membrane.
Describe passive transport.
Define the term diffusion and explain its importance to cells.
Define the term osmosis.
Describe the effects of osmosis on plant and animal cells.
Describe active transport.
KA3 Producing New Cells
Describe the sequence of events of mitosis, including equator and spindle fibres.
Define the term diploid.
Explain the importance of maintaining diploid chromosome complement during
mitosis.
Describe the factors required for the production of cells by cell culture.
KA4 DNA and proteins
Describe the structure of DNA
Describe complementary base pairing
State that the four bases A,T, G and C make up the genetic code
State that DNA contains the genetic information for making proteins
State that proteins are composed of amino acids
Explain how the base sequence codes for the amino acid sequence of a protein
State the function of mRNA in the production of proteins
State that proteins are assembled in the ribosome
KA5 Proteins and Enzymes
State that proteins can have a variety of shapes and functions
Describe the functions of some proteins, e.g. structural proteins, enzymes,
hormones, antibodies
State that the shape and function of a protein arises from the amino acid
sequence
Describe the term biological catalyst in reference to enzymes
State that enzymes are found in all living cells
State that enzymes speed up biochemical reactions and remain unchanged by the
reaction
Explain the relationship between the active site of an enzyme and its substrate
Explain what is meant by the term specific
Explain the meaning of the term optimum in reference to enzymes
Describe how enzymes are affected by temperature and pH
Describe how changes in the shape of the enzyme affect the reaction rate
Explain what it means for an enzyme to be denatured
KA6 Genetic Engineering
State that genetic information can be transferred from one cell to another
naturally through bacterial plasmids or viruses
State that genetic information can be transferred from one cell to another
artificially through genetic engineering
Describe the stages of genetic engineering
State what it means for a cell to be “transformed”
KA7 Photosynthesis
Give the summary word equation for photosynthesis.
Describe the chemistry of photosynthesis as a series of enzyme-controlled
reactions in a two stage process.
Describe what happens during the light reactions.
Describe what happens during carbon fixation.
Give details of the fate of the sugar made during photosynthesis.
Describe the limiting factors of photosynthesis and explain their impact on
photosynthesis and cell growth.
KA8 Respiration
State that respiration is the release of chemical energy stored in glucose through
a series of enzyme-controlled reactions.
Describe the production of ATP using energy from respiration.
State the uses of ATP within a cell.
Describe the chemistry of aerobic respiration with reference to the number of
ATP produced.
Describe anaerobic respiration in animal cells.
Describe anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.
Give the location of fermentation reactions within the cell.
Give the location of aerobic respiration within the cell.