Download Summary – What you should know

Calderglen High School
Science Department
Cells and the Human Body
What I should know and be able to do
Name_______________________________________
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What I should know or be able to do
Cells
The parts of an animal cell
Cytoplasm—site of cell reactions
Nucleus—controls cell activites
Cell membrane— controls entry and exit from the cell
Parts of the microscope
A stain helps to show up the parts of a cell
Specialised cells— nerve cells, Red blood cells
Body Systems
The human body is made of systems
Each system is in turn made up of organs
Some systems are the digestive, muscular, circulatory, and
nervous and respiratory systems.
State the name of one organ each from the digestive, muscular,
circulatory, nervous and respiratory systems
Give the functions of the digestive, muscular, circulatory,
nervous and respiratory systems
The Heart
The heart is made of muscle
The heart pumps blood around the body
The ribcage helps to protect the heart
The heart has 4 chambers
Valves stop the blood flowing in the wrong direction
A vein called the vena cava returns blood to the heart
An artery called the aorta takes blood away from the heart
The left side of the heart contains oxygenated blood
The right side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood
A stethoscope is used to listen to the heartbeat
I can explain how to listen to a person’s heart using a
stethoscope
The heart rate and the pulse rate have the same value
The heart rate changes with activity
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I know about arteries, capillaries and veins
A sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure
I can explain how to measure blood pressure using a digital
sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure is caused by the pressure of the blood from the
heart entering the arteries
The Lungs
The lungs are protected by the ribcage
The lungs take in oxygen from the air and give out carbon
dioxide
The windpipe takes the air into and out of the lungs
The bronchi link the windpipe to the lungs
In the air sacs, oxygen leaves the lungs and enters the blood
and carbon dioxide enters the lungs from the blood
The diaphragm helps to move air into and out of the lungs
Teeth
Four types of tooth are incisors (for biting food), canines,
premolars and molars (for grinding food).
The parts of a tooth are an outer layer of hard wearing enamel,
dentine and a pulp cavity with nerves and blood vessels
Know the position of the different kinds of teeth in the mouth
Plaque is a layer of bacteria that forms over teeth
Plaque forms acid from sugary food
Acid destroys tooth enamel, causing cavities
Know how to keep your teeth healthy
Reproduction
Male sex cell is a sperm
The female sex cell is an egg (ovum)
Sperm are produced in the testes
Eggs are produced in the ovary
Know the structure of the male and female sex organs
including the site of fertilisation (oviduct)
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Know the structure and function of the uterus containing an
embryo including amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and placenta.
Know both useful substances (food and oxygen) and harmful
substances (alcohol, heroin and products from cigarette
smoke) that cross the placenta from mother to baby.
Chromosomes contain genes. They are long coiled strands of
DNA.
Other things I have learned in this topic:
Health
To value and look after my health
How a person can avoid having heart attack
How to look after my teeth
Skills I may have developed in this topic :
Practical skills
Making hypothesis
Planning experiments
Setting up and carrying out experiments
Drawing conclusions from experimental results
Evaluating the fairness and validity of practical work
Drawing tables
Drawing Line Graphs
Working as part of a team
Contributing to group/team discussions
Simple arithmetic calculations
Notes
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