Download Year 7 Module 3 Practice Paper

Year 7 Module 3 Practice Paper
Brockington College - Science
minutes
marks
Page 1 of 37
Q1.
The drawing shows a bird called a curlew.
It feeds on small animals which live in mud by the sea.
It lays spotted eggs in a nest on the ground.
Draw a line from each fact about the curlew to the way it helps the curlew to survive.
fact about
the curlew
the way it helps the
curlew to survive
Its eggs are spotted.
•
•
This helps the curlew to
walk in shallow water.
Its beak is long and
pointed.
•
•
This stops seagulls
finding them.
Its legs are long.
•
•
This stops the curlew
sinking into the mud.
Its feet are wide.
•
•
This helps the curlew get
animals out of the mud.
4 marks
Page 2 of 37
Q2.
The drawings below show four living things found in a wood.
not to scale
•
•
•
(a)
(i)
Caterpillars eat oak leaves.
Owls eat blackbirds.
Blackbirds eat caterpillars.
Complete the food chain for these four living things.
oak tree → ................................. → ................................. → ..................................
1 mark
(ii)
Why is an oak tree called a producer?
Tick the correct box.
It loses its leaves
in autumn.
It makes food by
photosynthesis.
Its flowers are tiny.
Its leaves will not rot.
1 mark
Page 3 of 37
(b)
On one oak tree, there were two types of caterpillar.
not to scale
All the caterpillars were eating the leaves.
The number of gypsy moth caterpillars increased.
What happened to the number of orange-striped caterpillars?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Explain your answer.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
There are no caterpillars on the oak tree in winter.
Suggest a reason for this.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Page 4 of 37
Q3.
The drawings show part of a farmland food chain.
not to scale
(a)
A pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms at each stage in a
food chain.
On each line by the pyramid of numbers below, write the name of the correct
organism from the food chain above.
1 mark
(b)
Partridges feed mainly on insects and wild plants (weeds).
Some farmers spray their crops with chemicals to kill insects and weeds.
How would this affect the number of foxes?
.........................................................................................................................
Explain your answer.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Partridges build their nests on the ground among plants.
They lay up to 18 eggs in the nest.
Suggest why partridges need to lay so many eggs.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 5 of 37
(d)
Some farmers leave a strip of land around the edge of each field which they do
not spray with chemicals.
Suggest two reasons why this will lead to an increase in the number of partridges
on these farms.
1 ......................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2 ......................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2 marks
maximum 5 marks
Page 6 of 37
##
The drawings below show the trees in a woodland area at the beginning of May and at
the end of May.
beginning of May
end of May
The graph below shows the amount of light reaching the top of the trees and the
woodland floor over one year.
(a)
Why does the amount of light reaching the woodland floor decrease during May?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 7 of 37
(b)
Plants grow on the woodland floor.
Explain why these plants grow bigger and faster when there is plenty of light.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2 marks
(c)
Respiration takes place in the cells of all plants.
Complete the word equation for respiration.
oxygen + ................................
carbon dioxide + ................................
2 marks
maximum 5 marks
Q5.
Sharna boiled some red cabbage in water. The cabbage-water turned purple.
(a)
(i)
Sharna separated pieces of cabbage from the cabbage-water.
Which method did she use?
Tick the correct box.
chromatography
filtration
condensation
freezing
1 mark
Page 8 of 37
(ii)
Sharna wanted to find out if the purple cabbage-water contained more than
one coloured substance.
Which method did she use?
Tick the correct box.
chromatography
filtration
condensation
freezing
1 mark
(b)
Sharna mixed the purple cabbage-water with some other liquids.
She wrote the colours of the mixtures in a table as shown below.
colour of cabbage-water
mixed with liquid
Is the liquid acidic,
alkaline or neutral?
liquid 1
red
acidic
liquid 2
blue
alkaline
liquid 3
purple
neutral
Use the information in the table to answer parts (i) and (ii) below.
(i)
Sharna mixed cabbage-water with colourless washing-up liquid.
The mixture turned blue.
What does this tell you about the washing-up liquid?
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Sharna then mixed cabbage-water with lemon juice.
Lemon juice is acidic.
What colour was the mixture?
.............................................................
1 mark
(c)
What is the name of a chemical which changes colour when it is mixed with acids
or alkalis?
Tick the correct box.
filtrate
indicator
non-metal
solution
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Page 9 of 37
Q6.
The pH scale shown below is used to measure how acidic or alkaline a solution is.
The graph below shows how the pH of the liquid in Barry's mouth changed as he ate a
meal.
(a)
(i)
Use the graph to give the pH of the liquid in Barry's mouth before he started to eat.
pH ..................
1 mark
(ii)
What does this pH tell you about the liquid in Barry's mouth before he started to eat?
Use the pH scale above to help you.
Tick the correct box.
It was acidic.
It was alkaline.
It was colourless.
It was neutral.
1 mark
(b)
Look at the graph above.
What happened to the pH of the liquid in Barry's mouth as he ate the meal?
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 10 of 37
(c)
Barry chews special chewing gum after each meal. The chewing gum neutralises the
liquid in his mouth.
What type of substance neutralises an acid?
Tick the correct box.
an acid
an alkali
an indicator
a solid
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks
Q7.
The chart is taken from a bottle of Johnson’s pH5.5 Facial Wash.
(a)
From the information in the chart give:
(i)
a substance which is almost neutral.
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
the substance which is most alkaline.
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 11 of 37
(b)
Tick one box to describe Johnson’s facial wash.
It is very alkaline.
It is slightly alkaline.
It is neutral.
It is slightly acidic.
1 mark
(c)
A bee sting is acidic. Which one of the substances given in the chart would be best to
neutralise the sting?
....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks
Q8.
Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid.
(a)
Winston used universal indicator solution to find the pH of some hydrochloric acid.
(i)
Suggest the colour of the mixture of universal indicator solution and the hydrochloric
acid.
...........................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Suggest the pH of the hydrochloric acid.
...............
1 mark
Page 12 of 37
(b)
Indigestion can be caused when too much hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach.
Magnesium carbonate can be used to treat indigestion.
Winston crushed some indigestion tablets containing magnesium carbonate. He added
them to hydrochloric acid in a test-tube. The mixture fizzed.
The word equation for the reaction is shown below.
magnesium + hydrochloric → magnesium + carbon + water
carbonate
acid
chloride
dioxide
(i)
Use the word equation to explain why the mixture fizzed when the reaction took
place.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Winston continued to add crushed tablets to the acid until the mixture stopped
fizzing.
Why did the fizzing stop?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
When magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride is
formed.
Which two words describe magnesium chloride?
Tick the two correct boxes.
a compound
a mixture
an element
a salt
a metal
a solvent
2 marks
Page 13 of 37
(d)
It is important that the hydrochloric acid in the stomach is not completely neutralised by
indigestion tablets.
Why is hydrochloric acid needed in the stomach?
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks
Q9.
(a) The chemical formula for hydrochloric acid is HCl.
The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.
When they react together, two products are formed.
The chemical formula for one product is NaCl.
(i)
Complete the word equation below with the names of both products.
1 mark
(ii)
On the dotted line, give the chemical formula of the other product.
sodium + hydrochloric
hydroxide
acid
NaOH
HCl
_______________ + _______________
NaCl
...............
2 marks
Page 14 of 37
(b)
In experiment 1, Molly put two beakers on a balance.
3
One contained 20 cm of hydrochloric acid.
3
The other contained 20 cm of sodium hydroxide solution.
The total mass was 163.5 g.
She poured the acid onto the sodium hydroxide. They reacted.
Why did the reading on the balance not change?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
In experiment 2, Molly put two beakers on a balance.
3
One contained 20 cm of hydrochloric acid.
The other contained 5 g of sodium carbonate.
She poured the acid onto the sodium carbonate. They reacted.
Two of the products are the same as in experiment 1.
(i)
Complete the word equation with the names of the three products.
sodium + hydrochloric → .......................... + .......................... + ..........................
carbonate
acid
1 mark
Page 15 of 37
(ii)
The total mass at the start was 149.0 g.
When the reaction stopped, the reading on the balance was 147.0 g.
Why was there a loss of mass in this reaction?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q10.
(a) Sita made a model of three parts of the solar system, the Sun, Earth and Moon.
She used a marble, a torch and a tennis ball.
Draw a line from each part of the solar system to the object she used.
Draw only three lines.
2 marks
Page 16 of 37
(b)
The table below shows the order of some of the planets in our solar system.
Complete the table to show the positions of the Earth, Neptune and the Sun.
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
2 marks
(c)
The diagram shows a satellite in orbit around the Earth.
not to scale
(i)
Give one use of a satellite.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
(ii)
Which force keeps the satellite in orbit around the Earth?
Tick the correct box.
gravity
air resistance
friction
magnetism
2 marks
maximum 6 marks
Page 17 of 37
Q11.
David lives in Britain. He sees that the Sun seems to move across the sky.
(a)
Where does the Sun rise in the morning?
Tick the correct box.
in the north
in the south
in the west
in the east
1 mark
(b)
(i)
At what time of day is the Sun highest in the sky?
............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
In which direction will David see the Sun when it is highest in the sky?
Tick the correct box.
towards the north
towards the south
towards the west
towards the east
1 mark
(c)
Where does the Sun set in the evening?
Tick the correct box.
in the north
in the south
in the west
in the east
1 mark
(d)
Explain why the Sun seems to move across the sky.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 18 of 37
(e)
Light from the Sun takes about 8 minutes to get to the Earth.
How long does light from other stars take to get to the Earth?
Tick the correct box.
more than 8 minutes
8 minutes
less than 8 minutes
zero minutes
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks
Page 19 of 37
Q12.
Each of the observations shown below has one explanation.
Draw a line from each observation to the correct explanation.
maximum 4 marks
Q13.
Pluto was discovered in 1930. It was classified as a planet.
In 2006, scientists agreed that Pluto is not a planet.
(a)
The diagram below shows our solar system.
not to scale
Page 20 of 37
(i)
From the diagram, what supports the idea that Pluto is a planet?
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
From the diagram, what supports the idea that Pluto is not a planet?
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
The table below shows information about planets in our solar system.
planet
Mercury
diameter (km)
4800
Venus
12200
Earth
12800
Mars
6800
Jupiter
142600
Saturn
120200
Uranus
49000
Neptune
50000
Pluto has a diameter of 2 300 km.
How does this information suggest to scientists that Pluto is not a planet?
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
An object called Charon orbits Pluto.
How does the presence of Charon support the idea that Pluto is a planet?
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 21 of 37
(d)
The table below shows the composition of the atmosphere of some of the objects in our
solar system.
object
atmosphere
Mercury
none
Venus
mainly carbon dioxide
Earth
mainly nitrogen and oxygen
Neptune
hydrogen, helium and methane
Earth’s moon
none
Titan (a moon)
nitrogen and methane
Pluto
nitrogen and methane
Atmosphere is not used to classify objects as moons or planets.
Use the information above to suggest a reason for this.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(e)
Why do you think scientists found it difficult to decide how Pluto should be classified?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q14.
In 1610, the Italian scientist, Galileo, observed four bright moons near Jupiter.
Each night the moons moved.
(a)
(i)
The Sun and stars are light sources, and the planets are seen by reflected light.
Explain how we can see the moons of Jupiter.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
2 marks
Page 22 of 37
(ii)
The four moons are approximately the same distance from the Earth.
However, they do not have the same brightness.
Suggest one reason for this.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
The table shows the distances of the four moons from the centre of Jupiter, and the times
of their orbits. Europa’s distance has been left out.
name of
moon
distance from
Jupiter, in
millions of km
time for one
orbit, in
Earth days
Ιo
0.42
1.8
Europa
3.6
Ganymede
1.07
7.2
Callisto
1.88
16.7
The graph was plotted using the information in the table.
Use the graph to estimate Europa’s distance from Jupiter.
............................................................................................ millions of km
1 mark
Page 23 of 37
(c)
Galileo realised that Jupiter and its moons formed a model of our Solar System. In this
model:
what did Jupiter represent? .........................................................................
what did the moons represent? ...................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
Page 24 of 37
M1.
(L3)
if more than four lines are drawn, deduct one mark
for each incorrectly drawn line minimum mark zero
[4]
M2.
(a)
(i)
oak tree → caterpillar → blackbird → owl
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L4)
(ii)
It makes food by photosynthesis.
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
Page 25 of 37
(b)
either
•
decreased or went down
1 (L3)
any one from
•
fewer leaves to feed on
•
gypsy moth caterpillars ate most of the leaves
accept ‘gypsy moth caterpillars ate the leaves’
accept ‘the gypsy moth caterpillars ate all the
leaves or all the food’
•
less food
accept ‘no food’
accept ‘they were competing for food’
1 (L4)
or
any one from
•
increased or went up
•
stayed the same
1 (L3)
any one from
•
they had enough food or leaves
•
more eggs hatched
1 (L4)
(c)
the tree loses its leaves
accept ‘no leaves’ or ‘no food’; accept ‘it is too cold’
accept ‘caterpillars change into pupae
or chrysalises or moths’
do not accept ‘caterpillars hibernate in winter’
1 (L4)
[5]
M3.
(a)
•
answers must be in the correct order all three answers
are required for the mark
1 (L5)
Page 26 of 37
(b)
•
fewer foxes or they decrease
accept ‘there would be less’
accept ‘they would drop or go down’
both the answer and the correct explanation
are required for the mark
credit both correct answers written in the same space
‘foxes die’ is insufficient
any one from
•
fewer partridges (for foxes to eat)
•
the poison gets into the food chain
•
they move elsewhere to find food
accept ‘less food’
accept ‘partridges would be poisoned’
accept ‘some die of starvation’
do not accept ‘the chemicals poison the foxes’
do not accept ‘they all die of starvation’
do not accept ‘they have nothing to eat’
1 (L6)
(c)
any one from
•
greater chance of survival
•
more would survive
accept ‘the more eggs they lay the more partridges there will be’
accept ‘some eggs will be damaged or eaten’
accept ‘some eggs will not hatch’
accept ‘young partridges or chicks may be eaten
or trampled on or die’
accept ‘so they will not become extinct or die out’
‘partridges will die’ is insufficient
1 (L6)
Page 27 of 37
(d)
any two from
•
there would be a greater variety of plants
•
more plants or weeds
•
more insects
•
more nesting places
•
more cover
•
the partridges are not poisoned
accept ‘there would be plants to eat’
accept ‘there would be insects to eat’
accept ‘protection from predators’
accept ‘more food’ or ‘they would have food’
or ‘partridges will come to feed’ if none of the
first three marking points are given
do not accept ‘they had not been sprayed with chemicals’
2 (L5)
[5]
M4.
(a)
•
leaves are bigger
accept ‘there are leaves or a canopy’
accept ‘leaves open or grow’
‘trees block the light’ is insufficient
1 (L5)
(b)
any two from
•
light is needed for photosynthesis
accept ‘photosynthesis’
•
more (photosynthesis)
accept, for two marks, ‘the rate
or amount of photosynthesis increases if the light increases’
•
light provides energy for growth
‘they need light to grow’ is insufficient
‘light is a source of food’ is insufficient
•
biomass or food or sugar or starch or carbohydrate is produced
2 (L6)
Page 28 of 37
(c)
•
glucose
1 (L6)
•
water
answers must be in the correct order
1 (L6)
[5]
M5.
(a)
(i)
filtration
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)
(ii)
chromatography
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)
(b)
(i)
it is alkaline
accept ‘alkali’
1 (L3)
(ii)
red
1 (L3)
(c)
indicator
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[5]
M6.
(a)
(i)
7
do not accept ‘neutral’
1 (L3)
(ii)
it was neutral
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
consequential marking applies
accept ‘it was acidic’ if the answer to part (i) was less than 7
accept ‘it was alkaline’ if the answer to part (i) was greater
than 7 and up to 14
1 (L4)
(b)
any one from
•
it decreased or went down
accept ‘it dropped to 5’
•
it became acidic or more acidic
1 (L3)
Page 29 of 37
(c)
an alkali
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[4]
M7.
(a)
(i)
any one from
•
soap with moisturisers
do not accept ‘soap’ or ‘pH 7.3’
•
normal facial wash
1 (L5)
(ii)
normal soap
do not accept ‘soap’ or ‘pH 10.0’
1 (L5)
(b)
It is slightly acidic.
if more than one box is ticked award no mark
1 (L5)
(c)
normal soap
do not accept ‘soap’ or pH 10.0’
1 (L5)
[4]
M8.
(a)
(i)
red or pink
accept ‘orange’ or ‘yellow’
1 (L5)
(ii)
any number greater than 0 and smaller than 7
accept ‘0’
1 (L6)
(b)
(i)
carbon dioxide is gas
accept ‘carbon dioxide or a gas is produced’
1 (L5)
(ii)
any one from
•
no more carbon dioxide or gas was produced
•
the reaction stopped
•
all the hydrochloric acid was used up
accept ‘the acid had been neutralised’
do not accept ‘all the magnesium carbonate was used up’
•
there was an excess of magnesium carbonate or carbonate
1 (L6)
Page 30 of 37
(c)
a compound
1 (L6)
a salt
if more than two boxes are ticked, deduct one mark for
each incorrect tick
minimum mark zero
1 (L6)
(d)
any one from
•
without it digestion would stop or slow down
accept ‘to break down food’
•
acid is needed for digestion
•
the enzymes only work in acid conditions or at a low pH
•
it is needed to kill bacteria or microbes
do not accept ‘germs’
1 (L6)
[7]
M9.
(a)
(i)
•
sodium chloride + • water
accept ‘hydrogen oxide’ for water
answers must be in the correct order
2 (L7)
(ii)
•
H2O
1 (L7)
(b)
any one from
•
the same atoms are present in the reactants and the products
accept ‘mass is conserved’
‘the mass did not change’ is insufficient
‘the particles are the same’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘the molecules are the same’
•
no gas was given off
accept ‘nothing was added or lost’
1 (L7)
(c)
(i)
•
sodium chloride
carbon dioxide
water
answers may be in any order
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)
Page 31 of 37
(ii)
any one from
•
carbon dioxide or gas escapes
‘mass is lost’ is insufficient as it is given in the question
•
carbon dioxide is a gas
•
one of the products is a gas or escapes
1 (L7)
[6]
M10.
(a)
•
if all three lines are correct, award two marks
if one or two lines are correct, award one mark
if more than one line is drawn from any part of the
solar system, award no credit for that part
2 (L3)
(b)
•
Sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
award one mark for the Sun in the correct position
award one mark for both Earth and Neptune in the
correct positions
2 (L3)
Page 32 of 37
(c)
(i)
any one from
•
weather forecasting
accept ‘weather’
•
communications
accept ‘phone’ or ‘fax’
•
telescopes
•
global positioning system
accept ‘GPS’
•
TV
•
spying
accept ‘taking photographs’
•
internet
1 (L4)
(ii)
•
gravity
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[6]
M11.
(a)
in the east
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
(b)
(i)
any one from
•
12.00 or twelve o’clock
•
1.00 or one o’clock or 13.00
accept answers between 11.50 and 13.30
to allow for variations between local time and GMT or BST
•
midday or noon
do not accept ‘lunch time’
1 (L4)
(ii)
towards the south
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
(c)
in the west
1 (L4)
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
Page 33 of 37
(d)
any one from
•
because the Earth rotates or spins
accept ‘because the Earth moves round
or goes round or spins and moves’
•
because the Earth turns around its axis
do not accept ‘because the Earth moves’
or ‘because the Earth goes round the Sun’
1 (L4)
(e)
more than 8 minutes
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[6]
M12.
if more than one line is drawn from an observation,
award no mark for that observation
4 (L5)
[4]
Page 34 of 37
M13.
(a)
(i)
it orbits the Sun
accept ‘it goes round the Sun’
‘it has an orbit’ is insufficient
1 (L5)
(ii)
any one from
•
it is not in the same plane as the other planets
•
the orbit is out of line or at a different angle
accept ‘it is not in line with the others’
‘it has a different orbit’ is insufficient
accept ‘the orbit or it is tilted’
do not accept ‘it is too small’
as this is not shown in the diagram
1 (L6)
(b)
any one from
•
it has the smallest diameter
accept ‘it is too small’
‘it is very small’ is insufficient
•
all the other planets are bigger
1 (L6)
(c)
any one from
•
Charon is a moon or satellite
accept ‘it is a moon’
•
other planets have moons
accept ‘the Earth or Saturn has a moon’
‘Charon orbits Pluto’ is insufficient
accept ‘moons do not orbit other moons’
accept ‘other planets have objects orbiting them’
1 (L6)
(d)
any one from
•
both planets and moons have atmospheres
accept ‘Venus has an atmosphere and Mercury does not’
•
whether or not it has an atmosphere does not make it a planet
•
there is no pattern in the atmospheres
accept ‘Earth’s moon does not have an atmosphere and Titan
does’
•
some planets do not have atmospheres
accept ‘Titan has an atmosphere and so does Neptune’
1 (L6)
Page 35 of 37
(e)
any one from
•
scientists cannot decide on what a planet is
•
if Pluto is a planet there could be more planets orbiting our Sun or
in our solar system
•
there is evidence for and against Pluto being a planet
accept specific arguments for and against
e.g. ‘it goes around the Sun but it is too small’
‘there are reasons for and against’ is insufficient
‘it has an atmosphere like the Moon but orbits
the Sun’ is insufficient as atmosphere is not
sufficient to classify moons or planets
1 (L6)
[6]
M14.
(a)
(i)
any two from
•
light from the Sun
do not accept ‘light from the Sun and stars’
•
reflected from the moons’ surfaces
do not accept ‘the Sun reflects off the surface’
•
travels from the moons to the eyes
accept ‘they reflect sunlight’ for both marks
2 (L6)
(ii)
any one from
•
they reflect different amounts of light
accept ‘they have different albedos’
accept ‘some are dark’ or ‘they are different colours’
•
they are not the same size
accept ‘one could be partly in the shadow of Jupiter
or another moon’
1 (L7)
(b)
0.68
the unit is not required for the mark
accept answers from 0.65 to 0.70
1 (L7)
(c)
the Sun
planets
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L6)
[5]
Page 36 of 37
Page 37 of 37