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Name: ______________________________
Part B: Short Answer. Answer all questions as completely as possible. Mark values are
shown at each question. Show ALL WORK!!!
S4 Biology - Genetics Test: Chapter 10 and 11
Part A: Matching Match the correct term on the left with the correct definition on the
right. (1 mark each).
1.
__ 1. allele
a) A trait that is only expressed in the homozygous form.
__ 2. dominant trait
b) A genetic abnormality also known as Trisomy 21.
__ 3. recessive trait
c) Process of gamete formation.
__ 4. Mendel
d) A long sequence of amino acids.
__ 5. meiosis
e) One half of a replicated chromosome.
__ 6. mitosis
f) Organelle found in the endoplasmic reticulum responsible for
reading mRNA.
g) A trait that is always expressed if present.
__ 7. homologous
chromosomes
__ 8. sister chromatid
__ 9. non-disjunction
__ 11. codon
__ 12. Down’s Syndrome
l) Process of cell replication.
__ 13. protein
m) The process is part of protein synthesis that occurs inside
the nucleus.
n) An alternate form of a gene. You usually need two of them.
__ 14. ribosome
__ 15. mRNA
__ 16. exon
__ 17. translation
__ 18. transcription
__ 19. DNA polymerase
__ 20. frameshift
mutation
The gene for purple flowers in pea plants is dominant over the gene for white
flowers. Suppose two heterozygous pea plants are crossed together and have 800
offspring. What number of offspring would you expect to be purple and what
number would you expect to be blue? (6 marks)
h) This process occurs during Prophase 1 of meiosis.
i) A sequence of three bases that code for a specific amino
acid.
j) Chromosomes that have the same genetic information in the
same locations.
k) Leaves the nucleus to code for a protein.
__ 10. crossing over
Name: ______________________________
o) The enzyme responsible for splitting DNA and initiating DNA
replication.
p) When chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis resulting
in gametes with to many or two few chromosomes.
q) The result of an addition or deletion of a single nitrogen base
in a DNA sequence.
r) This process is part of protein synthesis that occurs outside
the nucleus.
s) Known as the father of genetics.
2. Fill in the missing information on the Following Table (2 marks):
Organism
Human
Fruit Fly
Corn
Chimpanzee
Body Cell (2n)
46
Gamete (n)
4
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t) the coding region of an RNA molecule.
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Name: ______________________________
3. Give 3 differences between DNA and RNA (3 marks).
Name: ______________________________
6. Using the following diagram, answer the questions below (6 marks):
4. Identify whether each process occurs during meiosis, mitosis or both (9 marks).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Sister chromatids separate.___________________
Haploid cells are formed. ____________________
Cell division occurs. _______________________
Homolougous chromosomes pair._________________
Four cells are the final result. __________________
Cell division occurs twice. _____________________
Replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the
spindle. _____________
h. Two cells are the final result.________________
i. Diploid cells are formed. ____________________
a.
What is the complete process being depicted above?
b. Identify the structures at
1) __________________________
2) __________________________
5. Answer the following questions (4 marks):
a. Which part of mitosis is similar to meiosis?
3) __________________________
4) __________________________
5) __________________________
b. Meiosis is a process of cell reduction. Explain this statement.
7. Describe the structure of a DNA nucleotide. Diagrams will help! (3 marks)
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Name: ______________________________
8. Describe which process is shown below and label each of the steps (5 marks).
Name: ______________________________
9. Use the following mRNA genetic code to answer the following questions (6 marks):
This process is: _____________________________
The following sequence is contained on a DNA molecule in your cells:
TAC CGA CTG ACG TAG GGG ATA GCG
Complete the following:
mRNA Sequence: _______________________________________________
tRNA Sequence: ________________________________________________
Protein: ______________________________________________________
How would a frame shift mutation affect the above DNA sequence?
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
4. Given the following DNA fingerprint, answer the questions below:
Part B: Short Answer Questions
1. Compare and contrast the following terms (6 marks):
a. DNA and RNA
b. DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis
c. Restriction Enzyme and Vector
a. Which parental DNA matched the soldiers DNA? (1 mark).
2. Identify the stage of meiosis below and describe what is happening (5 marks).
b. What percentage of the soldier’s DNA matched his father’s DNA? His
mother’s DNA? (4 marks)
c. Can an exact identification be made with only one parents DNA? Explain. (2
marks)
3. What is the next stage in meiosis after the one pictured above and what would you
expect to happen? (3 marks)
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
6. Draw a DNA and an RNA nucleotide below. Be sure to label each of their parts. (6
marks).
5. Answer the following questions:
a. Describe what is occurring at each step from A to D (4 marks)
A
A
B
7. Given the following DNA molecule sequence, determine the sequence of the
following mRNA molecule, the order of tRNA molecules, and the protein that would
be formed. You can use the mRNA code below to help you answer the questions.
B
DNA Sequence
mRNA Sequence
tRNA sequence
Protein
C
C
ATCTGGCTAAGUCAATAC
D
D
b. What is this process called? (1 mark)
c. What is the name that we give the organism at the end of this process and
why?
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
40S Biology: Evolution
Part B: True or False Read each statement and answer whether it is true or false. If
your answer is false, rewrite it to make it true. (2 marks each)
Name: _______________________
Date:__________________________
1. Natural selection acts on an individual over many generations.
Part A: Matching Match the words in the left column by writing the letter of the best
definition in the space provided. (15 Marks)
1._______ stabilizing selection
2._______ homologous structure
3._______ mimicry
4._______ bacterial resistance
to antibiotics
5._______ Charles Darwin
6._______ artificial selection
7._______ analogous structure
8._______ disruptive selection
9._______ vestigial structure
10.______ gene pool
11.______ geographic isolation
12.______ gradualism
13.______ directional selection
2. A population that is in genetic equilibrium is not evolving.
a. a collection of genes among a
population
b. an example of physiological
adaptation
c. a physical barrier separating a
population into groups
3. Disruptive selection occurs when one of the extreme forms of a trait is favored.
4. A gene pool is a collection of an individual’s genes.
d. a body structure that is similar in
function but different in structure
e. a structural adaptation where an
organism copies the appearance of
another species
f. a human appendix is an example
of this
g. a naturalist that sailed on the
H.M.S Beagle
h. when natural selection favors
average individuals in a population
i. forelimbs of bats, birds and
humans are an example of this
j. when one of the extreme forms of
a trait is favored by natural selection
k. female finches in the Galapagos
island lay enormous numbers of
eggs.
l. the idea that species originate
through gradual changes
m. an example of a breeding
experiment
14.______ reproductive isolation
15.______ overproduction of offspring
n. polyploidy is an example of this
o. organisms with both extreme
forms of a trait are at a selective
advantage
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5. Polyploidy is the result of a mistake during meiosis.
6. Relative dating can tell the exact age of a fossil.
7. Analogous structures are evidence of evolution.
8. Homologous structures are similar in function but not necessarily in structure.
9. Camouflage and mimicry are physiological adaptations.
10. Eyes in blind fish are an example of an analogous structure.
Part C: Definitions. Define the following. To supplement your answer provides an
example. (2 marks each)
-
gene pool
-
allelic frequency
-
genetic equilibrium
-
genetic drift
-
speciation
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Name: ______________________________
Part D: Calculate the phenotypic and allelic frequency of generation #1 and #2 to
figure out if the population is evolving (10 marks).
Make sure that you show all of your work!
Name: ______________________________
Part E: Short Answer Answer 4 of the 6 questions below. Make sure to indicate what
question you are answering. (5 marks each)
1) How is artificial selection different from natural selection?
Generation 1:
Colour
RED
RED
PINK
PINK
RED
PINK
RED
PINK
Phenotypic
frequency
Genotype
RR
RR’
RR’
RR
RR’
RR
RR’
Allelic frequency
2) What is the difference between an analogous structure and a homologous structure?
RR
3) Explain the difference between divergent and convergent evolution. Include a
description of each
Generation 2:
Colour
RED
PINK
RED
PINK
RED
BLUE
RED
RED
Genotype
RR’
RR
RR’
RR
R’R’
RR
RR
RR
4) Explain the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. Include a
description of each.
Is this population evolving? _____________________
5) Describe two things that can disrupt genetic equilibrium.
6) Compare (how they are the same) and contrast (how they are different) geographic
isolation and reproductive isolation.
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Name: ______________________________
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Name: ______________________________
Name:
7. A living cell in which a virus replicates is called a:
a) capsid
b) provirus
c) lytic cycle
d) host cell
Test – Classification, Viruses, Bacteria, Protists and
Fungi!
Part A: Multiple Choice
8. Fungi reproduce asexually by:
a) fragmentation, mitosis, or budding
b) meiosis, budding, or producing spores
c) fragmentation, budding, or producing spores
d) They don’t reproduce asexually
Circle the letter of the correct answer for each question. (15 marks)
1. Which of the following is the criteria for life (what makes it ‘living’)?
a) It must be able to reproduce.
b) It must use energy.
c) It must excrete waste.
d) None of the above.
e) All of the above.
9. A paramecium moves by beating thousands of hair like
a) cilia
b) flagellum
c) legs
d) pseudopodia
2. In which process are new viruses released from a host cell?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Lytic cycle
c) Lysogenic cycle
d) Both b) and c)
?
10. What prevents fungal spores from drying out?
a) mitosis
b) budding
c) sporangia
d) water
3. Unlike bacteria, all protists are:
a) prokaryotic
b) eukaryotic
c) phytoplankton
d) infectious
11. Athlete’s foot is a common
a) fungal
b) viral
c) bacterial
d) stinky foot
4. Which of the following does not describe a bacterial shape and arrangement?
a) staphylococcus
b) diplobacillus
c) senacoccus
d) sprillium
disease.
12. What are the 3 ways Eubacteria obtain nutrients?
a) Consume inorganic materials, photosynthesis, and chemosynthesis.
b) Consume plants, photosynethesis, and absorb inorganic substances.
c) Consume organic material, photosynthesis, and chemosynthesis.
d) Cellular Respiration, binary fission, and conjugation.
5. Archeabacteria are found in environments that are:
a) oxygen-free
b) have high concentrations of salt
c) acidic
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
13. Linnaeus’ System of Binomial Nomenclature describes organisms as:
a) first name, last name
b) genus, specific epithet (species)
c) kingdom, phylum
d) class, order
6. Viral DNA that is integrated into a host cell’s chromosome is called a:
a) capsid
b) provirus
c) retrovirus
d) fungi
14. In taxonomy, organisms are arranged based on:
a) broad to specific characteristics
b) specific to broad characteristics
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Name: ______________________________
c) big to small in size
d) small to big in size
Name: ______________________________
8. Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis because they do not have a
.
9. Fungi use
15. The evolutionary history of a species is called its:
a) cladistics
b) dichotomous key
c) life span
d) phylogeny
digestion to obtain nutrients.
10. Some hyphae are divided by cross walls called
.
11. Bacteria that are photosynthetic and make their own food are known as
.
12. Fungi are made up of small threadlike filaments called
, that extend
Part B: Fill in the Blank
and branch to form a network of filaments known as a
.
Complete the sentences using words from the provided list. You may use words more
than once if you feel it’s necessary. (One mark per blank = 15 marks)
Part C: Short Answer - Answer 6 of the 6 questions below (3 marks each = 12
Cilia
cytoplasm
halophiles
Autotroph
fungi
Hyphae
cladogram
methanogens
Heterotroph chemotroph
pseudopodia
Septa
cell wall
diplobacillus
1.
cellular
streptococcus
algae
bacteria
lysogenic
non-living
dichotomous key
living
lytic
flagella
staphylococcus
mycelium
spirillum
extracellular
nucleus
marks)
1. Compare and contrast binary fission and conjugation in bacteria. Be specific.
viruses
2. Why were bacteria once classified as plants? Give at least two reasons why bacteria
should not be classified as plants.
are infectious particles that are organic in nature, but are
considered
because they do not meet the criteria for life.
2. A
is a branching diagram that biologists use to identify a group’s
3. For each phylum of the protozoans, describe how and what they use to move, and give
an example of each.
Sarcodina:
derived traits.
3. HIV is an example of a virus that enters the
4. Bacteria known as
cycle in a cell.
would be found in the Great Salt Lake or
the Dead Sea.
Zoomastigina:
5.
are the Eubacteria that must convert inorganic material
such as sulphur to obtain energy.
6. Plant like protists called
Ciliophora:
move by using a
and an
eyespot.
4. Fungi have many different food sources, and as a result may live as a saprophyte,
mutualist, or parasite; describe the food sources for each.
7. Sphere shaped bacteria that grow in grape-like arrangements are referred to as
.
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
Plant s: Take Home Test
Due: November 18, 2009 @ start of class (-20% per day after the start of this class).
Your Name: ____________________________________ Mark ___________/55
Part A: Definitions. Define the following terms below (2 marks each):
5. List the six kingdoms.
1. Vascular plant:
2. Stem:
3. Nonvascular plant:
6. List the steps required to focus a specimen on the microscope.
4. Xylem:
5. Phloem:
6. Spore:
Part D: Long Answer (12 marks)
Answer only one of the following two questions on the blank sheet of paper. Put your
name on it and staple it to your test when finished.
7. Gametophyte:
1. Draw and label the lysogenic cycle of a virus. In a brief paragraph, explain what
is occurring at each stage. Be sure to include a brief explanation of the lytic cycle
in your paragraph.
8. Sporophyte:
2. Archeabacteria are classified into groups based on the environment they live in.
Eubacteria are classified into groups based on the way they obtain their energy.
List and describe the groups for each. (You should have 6 groups total)
9. Bryophytes:
10. Seed.
Part B: Short Answer Questions. Answer the following questions using short
paragraphs and diagrams where appropriate (5 marks each unless otherwise stated).
1. Draw a diagram and compare the difference in structure between a Bryophyte (moss)
and a (fern).
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
3. What is alternation of generation? Draw a diagram, and how does the dominant
generation of plants change as you move from Non-vascular plants to seedless vascular
plants, to seed plants?
2. Why did plants move onto land? What difficulties did plants have with moving onto
land?
4. Draw a diagram of the general structure of the leaf and describe how it works (10
marks).
5. Differentiate between monocots and dicots. Use the back of this page if necessary (10
marks).
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
Part B: Short Answer Questions. Answer the following questions using short
paragraphs and diagrams where appropriate (5 marks each unless otherwise stated).
Animals: Take Home Test
Due: November 18, 2009 @ start of class (-20% per day after the start of this class).
1. What are the main characteristics of all animals?
Your Name: ____________________________________ Mark ___________/55
Part A: Definitions. Define the following terms below (2 marks each):
1. Sessile:
2. Blastula:
2. Draw a diagram and briefly explain how a fertilized egg (zygote) develops into the three
germ layers of ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm (i.e. cell differentiation). (10
marks).
3. Ectoderm:
4. Endoderm:
5. Mesoderm:
6. Protostome:
7. Deuterostome:
8. Pseudocoelom:
9. Symmetry:
3. Describe the types of symmetry found in animals and give an example of an animal that
shows each type you describe.
10. Radial symmetry.
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Name: ______________________________
Name: ______________________________
DIAGRAMS YOU SHOULD KNOW:
4. Describe the three body plans found in Bilaterally symmetrical animals (development of
the coelom).
Pedigree Chart
Bacteria Diagram
Mitosis and Meiosis
Karyotype
Protein Synthesis
Recombinant DNA technique
Alternation of Generations
5. Explain the relationship between having a coelom and the development of complex
organ systems.
6. Explain how an adaptation such as an exoskeleton could be an advantage to animals in
land biomes.
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