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AFRICAN-AMERICAN SOLDIERS IN THE CIVIL WAR African American Soldiers • Emancipation Proclamation not only freed slaves, but allowed African Americans to enlist in U.S. Army • African American rushed to join the Army • By the end of the war, about 180,000 black soldiers fought for the Union • About 10% of the Union Army • Blacks did “help” out the Rebels too – Some had roles as cooks, and nurses – Most slaves tried to hurt the Rebels by slowing down their production, which meant less money for the South African American Soldiers • African American Soldiers were organized in allblack regiments – Regiments called – “United State Colored Troops” • Black regiments were usually led by white officers • Black soldiers were usually given the worst jobs and paid less compared to white soldiers – Faced many racial prejudices – Some were given combat roles, whereas many were given non-combat roles, such as cooks, laborers, teamsters – Paid $10 per month, minus $3 for clothing (Whites were paid $13 per month, with no clothing fee • Blacks soldiers still showed great courage and pride Recruitment Posters The 54th Massachusetts • One of the 1st and most famous African American regiment in the North • 54th offered to fight without pay • Regiment included two sons of Frederick Douglas The 54th Massachusetts • Most known for its heroic attack on Fort Wagner, SC • Result of the battle increased African American enlistment • The risk of Blacks fighting included: – Usually not taken as prisoners – Often shot by Rebels or returned to slavery