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ESCONDIDO UNION HIGH SCHOOL DISTRICT COURSE OF STUDY OUTLINE AND INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES COURSE TITLE: Algebra Support A/B COURSE NUMBERS: 0225 / 0226 Basic 5527 / 5528 SE 3207 / 3208 DEPARTMENT: Mathematics PREREQUISITE: None LENGTH OF COURSE: One Year SEMESTER PERIOD OF CREDITS: 5 per semester GRADE LEVEL(S): 9 - 11 DATE ADOPTED: 8/27/02 MEETS EUHSD Elective Credit TEXTBOOK: Same as Core Class COURSE DESCRIPTION: The Algebra Support course is designed to assist students in need of additional support. The course will be taken concurrently with Algebra. Students will engage in a wide variety of instructional practices intended to strengthen mathematical knowledge skills. Instruction will be modified to meet the needs of the students. COURSE UNITS/TOPICS AND ALLOCATED INSTRUCTIONAL TIME ALGEBRA SUPPORT Instructional Time 12 – 15 days I. Statistics II. Number Sets and Expression 14 – 17 days III. Algebraic Expressions and Polynomials 10 – 13 days IV. Linear Equations 12 – 15 days V. Inequalities 10 – 13 days VI. Coordinate Plane 9 – 12 days VII. Graphing Linear Equations 8 – 12 days VIII. Quadratic Equations 10 – 13 days IX. Rational Expressions 14 – 17 days X. Solving Systems of Equations and Inequalities 13 – 16 days XI. Geometry 13 – 16 days XII. Polynomials 9 – 12 days XIII. Factorization 8 – 11 days Total = 142-183 days MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES ALGEBRA – (Core Connections From Algebra Curriculum Document) 1.0 Students identify and use the arithmetic properties of subsets of integers and rational, irrational, and real numbers, including closure properties for the four basic arithmetic operations where applicable. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 1.1 Students will recognize and use the distributive property to simplify expressions (Section 1-7). More Simplifying Expressions (1-7), The Distributive Property (1-7) Why is Belly Dancing Illegal in Schlumpville? (1-7) Why are Handcuffs Like Souvenirs? (1-7), Review Worksheet (1-7) 1.2 Students will state the coordinate of a point on a number line, graph integers on a number line, and add integers by using a number line (Section 2-1). Integers in Temperature (2-1), Ordering and Comparing Integers (2-1) More About integers (2-1), Opposite Integers (2-1) A Matter of Integers (2-1), Numbers of Invention (2-1) M & M’s Project (2-1) 1.3 Students will add and subtract integers (Section 2-3). Using Integers in Sums and Differences (2-3) Subtracting Integers with Unlike Signs (2-3) Subtracting Integers with Like Signs (2-3) Adding Integers with Like Signs (3-3) Adding Integers with Unlike Signs (2-3), Mountainous Locations (2-3) Mountain Ups & Downs (2-3), Showing Off Integers (2-3) How is a Fast Racehorse Like a Desert? (2-3) Why Did the Quiz Show Give Away $10,000 Plus 1 Banana? (2-3) Why is Life Like a Shower? (2-3) What Does a Baby Get if it Sits on a Hot Stove? (2-3) Algebra Using Number Titles, page 100 (2-3), Integer Addition War (2-3) Integer Addition Snap (2-3), Integer Subtraction Ware (2-3) Mouthwatering Math (2-3), Negative/Positive Integer Tiles 1-20 (2-3) 3 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 1.4 Students will compare and order rational numbers (Section 2-4). 1.5 Students will simplify expressions that Famous Last Word (2-5) contain rational numbers (Section 2-5). 1.6 Students will add and subtract rational numbers (Section 2-5). 1.7 Students will multiply rational numbers (Section 2-6). Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 18 (2-6) Why Did the Snail Have an “S” Painted on His VW? (2-6) Why Did Zelda Name Her Pet Fawn “Ninety-nine Cents”? (2-6) What Were the Headlines After the Bad Guy Paid? (2-6) Multiplying Integers (2-6), Simply Follow the Trail (2-6) Cold Calculations (2-6) 1.8 Students will divide rational numbers (Section 2-7). Multiplying and Dividing Integers (2-7), Dividing with Integers (2-7) Equations to Boot (2-7), A Simple Task? (2-7), Olympic Flips (2-7) 1.9 Students will solve equations by using addition and subtraction (Section 3-1). Crossnumbers (3-1), Subtraction Searching (3-1) Equations: Addition and Subtraction (3-1), Equations (3-1) 1.10 Students will solve equations by using multiplication and division (Section 3-2). Solving Linear Equations (3-2), Did You Hear About? (3-2) Equations: Whole Numbers and Fractions (3-2) Equations: Multiplication and Division (3-2), Equations: Division (3-2 Equations: Multiplication (3-2), Like Terms (3-2), Puddle Puzzler (3-2) With Lightning Accuracy (3-2) Why Does Duffer McVolt Want Lights Strung Around?(3-2) 1.11 Students will solve equations involving more than one operation (Section 3-3). Solving Two-Step Equations with Integers (3-3) Equations: Using Integers (3-3), Lost & Found (3-3) Equations: Problems-Solving Strategy (3-3), Equations: Two-Step (3-3) 4 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES Climbing Solutions (3-3), Making Tracks (3-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles Pages 24, 32, 44 (3-3) 1.12 Students will solve equations with Solving Equalities with Variables on both Sides (3-5), Cryptic Quiz (3-5) the variable on both sides (Section 3-5). Why Do Girls Like Guys Who Wear Shirts with Eight Buttons? (3-5) 1.13 Students will solve equations containing grouping symbols (Section 3-5). 1.14 Students will solve inequalities by using addition and subtraction (Section 7-1). Logical Reasoning (7-1), Inequalities (7-1), Noises in the Night (7-1) Ghostly Inequalities (7-1), Solving Inequalities (7-1) Get the Message (7-1), Inequality Mix-Up (7-1) 1.15 Students will solve inequalities by using multiplication and division (Section 7-2). 1.16 Students will solve linear inequalities Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides (7-3) involving more than one operation (Section 7-3). 1.17 Students will solve compound inequalities and graph their solution sets (Section 7-4). What Happened to the Glass Blower Who Inhales? (7-4) 1.18 Students will multiply a polynomial by a monomial (Section 9-6). 1.19 Students will simplify expressions involving polynomials (Section 9-6). Multiplying Monomials by Polynomials (9-6) What Did the Carpenters Call Their Bass Quartet (9-6) 5 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 1.20 Students will use the FOIL method to multiply two binomials (Section 9-7). 1.21 Students will multiply any two polynomials by using the distributive property (Section 9-7). Multiplying Two Binomials (9-7) Why is a Stick of Gum Like a Sneeze? (9-7) What Happened When a ship Carrying Purple Paint? (9-7) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 62 (9-7) 1.22 Students will use the greatest common factor (GCF) and the distributive property to factor polynomials (Section 10-2). Greatest Common Factor of Polynomials (10-2) 1.23 Students will use the zero product Quadratics (10-6), More Quadratic Equations (10-6) property to solve equations (Section 10- Solving Quadratics Using the Square Root Method (10-6) 6). Solving Trinomial Equations (10-6), Moving Words (10-6) More Ratios and Slope (10-6), Tip (10-6) 2.0 Students understand and use such operations as taking the opposite, finding the reciprocal, taking a root, and raising to a fractional power. They understand and use the rules of exponents. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 2.1 Students will translate verbal expressions into mathematical expressions and vice versa (Section 11). What are the Titles of These Pictures? (1-1) Why Did the Cow Keep Jumping Over the Barrel? (1-1) Integers in Expressions (1-1), Variables and Expressions (1-1) Multiplication and Division Algebraic Expressions (1-1) Addition and Subtraction Algebraic Expressions (1-1) Expressions with Taste (1-1),Who’s Related? (1-1) Elevator Puzzlers (1-1), Express Yourself (1-1) On Sale Now-Algebra (1-1), Party on with Variables (1-1) Magical Memorizing Math Teacher (1-1) 2.2 Students will use the order of operations to evaluate real number expressions (Section 1-3). Order of Operations with Integers Crossword (1-3) Number Properties: Order of Operations (1-3), Order Up (1-3) Why Did Simeon Wrench Sleep Under His Car? (1-3) 6 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES Why Should You Look Out for a Pig That Knows Karate? (1-3) Order of Operations Tiles 1-20 (1-3) Algebra using Number Tiles, Pages 3, 10 (1-3) 2.3 Students will add and subtract integers (Section 2-3). Using Integers in Sums and Differences (2-3) Subtracting Integers with Unlike Signs (2-3) Subtracting Integers with Like Signs (2-3) Adding Integers with Like Signs (2-3) Adding Integers with Unlike Signs (2-3), Mountainous Locations (2-3) Mountain Ups & Downs (2-3), Showing Off Integers (2-3) How is a Fast Racehorse Like a Desert? (2-3) Why Did the Quiz Show Give Away $10,000 Plus 1 Banana? (2-3) Why is Life Like a Shower? (2-3) What Does a Baby Get If It Sits on a Hot Stove? (2-3) Mouthwatering Math (2-3), Negative/Positive Integer Tiles 1-20 (2-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 100 (2-3) 2.4 Students will divide rational numbers (Section 2-7). Multiplying an d Dividing Integers (2-7) Dividing with Integers (2-7), Equations to boot (2-7) A Simple Task? (2-7), Olympic Flips (2-7) 2.5 Students will multiply monomials (Section 9-1). Finding Patterns with powers (9-1), Powers and Exponents (9-1) Integers as Exponents (9-1), Powers of Monomials (9-1) Multiplying Monomials (9-1) What Happens to a Dog Who Eats Table Scraps? (9-1) What Was Unusual About the Horse-Breeding Magazine (9-1) 2.6 Students will simplify expressions containing negative exponents (Section 9-2). Dividing Polynomials by Monomials (9-2) Dividing Monomials (9-2) 7 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS 2.7 Students will express numbers in scientific and standard notation (Section 9-3). 2.8 Students will add and subtract polynomials (Section 9-5). 3.0 Students solve equations and inequalities involving absolute values. 4.0 Students simplify expressions before solving linear equations and inequalities in one variable such as 3(2x5) + 4(x – 2). May be taught at teacher’s discretion. SUGGESTED RESOURCES Adding and Subtracting Monomials (9-3) More Adding and Subtracting Monomials (9-3) Using Scientific Notation (9-3), Exploration 21 (9-3) How Does an Illiterate Oil-Rich Sheik Sign His Name? (9-5) Daffynition Decoder (9-5) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 4.1 Students will solve open sentences by performing arithmetic operations (Section 1-5). Doublecross (1-5), Evaluate (1-5), True Expressions (1-5) Confusion at the Crossroads (1-5), Amazing animal Inequalities (1-5) Logic Tiles for Algebra 1-20 (1-5) 4.2 Students will solve equations involving more than one operation (Section 3-3). Solving Two-Step Equations with Integers (3-3) Equations: Using Integers (3-3), Making Tracks (3-3), Lost & Found (3-3) Equations: Problem-Solving Strategy (3-3) Equations: Two-Step (3-3), Climbing Solutions (3-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles Pages 24, 32, 44 (3-3) 4.3 Students will solve equations with the variable on both sides (Section 3-5). 4.4 Students will solve equations containing grouping symbols (Section 3-5). Solving Equalities with Variables on Both Side (3-5) Cryptic Quiz (3-5) Why Do Girls Like Guys Who Wear Shirts with Eight Buttons? (3-5) 8 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS 4.5 Students will solve linear inequalities involving more than one operation (Section 7-3). 4.6 Students will solve problems by making a diagram (Section 7-4). 4.7 Students will solve compound inequalities and graph their solution sets (Section 7-4). 4.8 Students will solve problems that involve compound inequalities (Section 7-4). 5.0 Students solve multistep problems, including word problems, involving 5.1 Students will solve equations involving more than one operation linear equations and (Section 3-3). linear inequalities in and variable and provide justification for each step. SUGGESTED RESOURCES Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides (7-3) What Happened to the Glass Blower Who Inhaled? (7-4) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES Algebra Using Number Tiles Pages 24, 32, 44 (3-3) Solving Two-Step Equations with Integers (3-3) Equations: Using Integers (3-3) Equations: Problem-Solving Strategy (3-3) Equations: Two-Step (3-3), Climbing Solutions (3-3) Making Tracks (3-3), Lost & Found (3-3) 5.2 Students will solve equations with the variable on both sides (Section 3-5). 5.3 Students will solve equations containing grouping symbols (Section 35). Solving Equalities with Variables on Both Side (3-5) Cryptic Quiz (3-5) Why Do Girls Like Guys Who Wear Shirts with Eight Buttons? (3-5) 5.4 Students will write linear equations in point-slope form (Section 6-2). 5.5 Students will write linear equations in standard form (Section 6-2). Algebra Using Number Times, Page 76 (6-2) 9 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS 5.6 Students will determine the x- and yintercepts of linear graphs from their equations (Section 6-4). 5.7 Students will write equations in slopeintercept form (Section 6-4). SUGGESTED RESOURCES What Did the Ape Think of the Grape’s House? (6-4) According to Some Students, What is the True Purpose? (6-4) Whom Should You See at the Bank if You Need to? (6-4) y = 2x + 3 (6-4), Cryptic Quiz (6-4), Graphing Exploration (6-4) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 84 (6-4) Fabulous Fun Forms of a Line Project (6-4) More Ratios and Slope (6-4) 5.8 Students will graph a line given any linear equation (Section 6-5). 5.9 Students will determine if two lines are parallel or perpendicular by their slopes (Section 6-6). 5.10 Students will solve linear inequalities Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides (7-3) involving more than one operation (Section 7-3). 5.12 Students will solve compound inequalities and graph their solution sets (Section 7-4). 6.0 Students graph a linear equation and compute the x- and yintercepts (e.g., graph 2x + 6y = 4). They are also able to sketch the region defined by linear inequality (e.g., they What Happened to the Glass Blower Who Inhaled? (7-4) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 6.1 Students will graph linear equations (Section 5-4). Linear Contemplations, Page 44, 45 (5-4) Poison Ivy Problems (5-4), Scrapes, Bumps, & Bruises (5-4) Equations: Linear (5-4) 10 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES sketch the region defined by 2x +6y < 4). 6.2 Students will write equations in slopeintercept form (Section 6-4). What Did the Ape Think of the Grape’s House? (6-4) According to Some Students, What is the True Purpose?(6-4) Whom Should You See at the Bank if You Need to? (6-4) y = 2x + 3 (6-4), Cryptic Quiz (6-4), Graphing Exploration (6-4) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 84 (6-4) Fabulous Fun Forms of a Line Project (6-4) More Ratios and Slope (6-4) 6.3 Students will graph a line given any linear equation (Section 6-5). 7.0 Students verify that a point lies on a line, given an equation of the line. Students are able to derive linear equations by using the point-slope formula. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 7.1 Students will write linear equations in point-slope form (Section 6-2). 7.2 Students will write linear equations in standard form (Section 6-2). Algebra Using Number Times, Page 76 (6-2) 7.3 Students will determine if two lines are parallel or perpendicular by their slopes (Section 6-6). 8.0 Students understand the concepts of parallel lines and perpendicular lines and how those slopes are related. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 8.1 Students will determine if two lines are parallel or perpendicular by their slopes (Section 6-6). 11 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES Students are able to find the equation of a line perpendicular to a given line that passes through a given point. 8.2 Students will solve systems of equations by graphing (Section 8-1). 8.3 Students will determine whether a system of equations has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions by graphing (Section 8-1). 9.0 Students solve a system of two linear equations in two variables algebraically and are able to interpret the answer graphically. Students are able to solve a system of two linear inequalities in two variables and to sketch the solution sets. Checking Account Problem (8-1) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 9.1 Students will solve systems of equations by graphing (Section 8-1). 9.2 Students will determine whether a system of equations has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions by graphing (Section 8-1). Checking Account Problem (8-1) 9.3 Students will solve systems of equations by using the substitution method (Section 8-2). Step “Two” It! (8-2) 9.4 Students will solve systems of equations by using the elimination method with addition or subtraction (Section 8-3). 12 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 9.5 Students will solve systems of equations by using the elimination method with multiplication and addition (Section 8-4). 9.6. Students will determine the best method for solving systems of equations (Section 8-4). 9.7 Students will solve systems of inequalities by graphing (Section 8-5). 10.0 Students add, subtract, multiply, and divide monomials and polynomials. Students solve multi-step problems, including work problems by using these techniques. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 10.1 Students will multiply monomials (Section 9-1). 10.2 Students will simplify expressions involving powers of monomials (Section 9-1). Finding Patterns with powers (9-1), Powers and Exponents (9-1) Integers as Exponents (9-1), Powers of Monomials (9-1) Multiplying Monomials (9-1) What Happens to a Dog Who Eats Table Scraps? (9-1) What Was Unusual About the Horse-Breeding Magazine? (9-1) 10.3 Students will simplify expressions involving quotients of monomials (Section 9-2). 10.4 Students will simplify expressions containing negative exponents (Section 9-2). Dividing Polynomials by Monomials (9-2) Dividing Monomials (9-2) 10.5 Students will add and subtract polynomials (Section 9-5). How Does an Illiterate Oil-Rich Sheik Sign His Name? (9-5) Daffynition Decoder (9-5) 10.6 Students will multiply a polynomial by a monomial (Section 9-6). Multiplying Binomials by Polynomials (9-6) What Did the Carpenters Call Their Bass Quartet? (9-6) 13 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 10.7 Students will simplify expressions involving polynomials (Section 9-6). 10.8 Students will use the FOIL method to multiply two binomials (Section 9-7). 10.9 Students will multiply any two polynomials by using the distributive property (Section 9-7). 11.0 Students apply basic factoring techniques to second- and simple thirddegree polynomials. These techniques include finding a common factor for all terms in a polynomial, recognizing the difference of two squares, and recognizing perfect squares of binomials. Multiplying Two Binomials (9-7) Why Is a Stick of Gum Like a Sneeze? (9-7) What Happened When a Ship Carrying Purple Paint… (9-7) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 62 (9-7) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 11.1 Students will use FOIL method to multiply two binomials (Section 9-7). Binomial Multiplication War (9-7), Multiplying Two Binomials (9-7) Why Is a Stick of Gum Like a Sneeze? (9-7) What Happened When a Ship Carrying Purple Paint… (9-7) 11.2 Students will find prime factorizations of integers (Section 101). 11.3 Students will find greatest common factors (GCF) for sets of monomials (Section 10-1). Prime Factor Trees (10-1) Why Was the Engineer Driving the Train Backwards? (10-1) Greatest Common Factor (10-1), Factor Falls (10-1) 11.4 Students will factor quadratic trinomials (Section 10-3). Factoring x2 + bx + c where c > 0 (10-3) Factoring x2 + bx + c where c < 0 (10-3) 14 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES Factoring x2 + bx + c where c 0 (10-3) Sums and Products (10-3), Diamond Problems (10-3) Factoring Snap (10-3) 11.5 Students will identify and factor binomials that are the differences of squares (Section 10-4). Factoring the Difference of Two Squares (10-4) 11.6 Students will use the zero product Word Problems with Quadratics (10-6) property to solve equations (Section 10- Solving Quadratics Using the Square Root Method (10-6) 6). More Quadratic Equations (10-6), Solving Trinomial Equations (10-6) Moving words (10-6), Tip (10-6) 12.0 Students simplify fractions with polynomials in the numerator and 11.7 Students will simplify rational expressions (Section 12-1). Dividing Polynomials (12-1) 11.8 Students will multiply rational expressions (Section 12-2). Multiplying Polynomial Fractions (12-2) 11.9 Students will add and subtract rational expressions with like denominators (Section 12-5). Adding and Subtracting Algebraic Fractions (12-5) What Unusual Accident Happened to Brainless Funkalot? (12-5) 11.10 Students will simplify mixed expressions and complex fractions (Section 12-7) Mixed Expressions (12-7) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 12.1 Students will simplify rational expressions (Section 12-1). Dividing Polynomials (12-1) 15 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS denominator by factoring both and reducing them to the lowest terms. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 12.2 Students will divide polynomials by monomials (Section 12-4). 12.3 Students will divide polynomials by binomials (Section 12-4). Polynomial Long Division (12-4) 12.4 Students will add and subtract rational expressions with like denominators (Section 12-5). Adding and Subtracting Algebraic Fractions (12-5) What Unusual Accident Happened to Brainless Funkalot? (12-5) 12.5 Students will add and subtract rational expressions with unlike denominators (Section 12-6). What Lives in the Sea and Yells? (12-6) Adding and Subtracting Algebraic Fractions (12-6) 12.6 Students will simplify mixed expressions and complex fractions (Section 12-7). Mixed Expressions (12-7) 12.7 Students will solve rational equations Equations with Fractional Coefficients (12-8) (Section 12-8). 13.0 Students add, subtract, multiply, and 13.1 Students will multiply rational divide rational expressions (Section 12-2). expressions and functions. Students solve 13.2 Students will divide rational both computationally expressions (Section 12-3). and conceptually challenging problems by 13.3 Students will add and subtract using these techniques. rational expressions with like denominators (Section 12-5). WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES Multiplying Polynomial Fractions (12-2) Dividing Polynomial Fractions (12-3) Adding and Subtracting Algebraic Fractions (12-5) What Unusual Accident Happened to Brainless Funkalot? (12-5) 16 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 14.0 Students solve a quadratic equation by factoring or completing the square. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES More Ratios and Slope (10-6) 14.1 Students will use zero product property to solve equations (Section 10- Word Problems with Quadratics (10-6) 6). Solving Quadratics Using the Square Root Method (10-6) More Quadratic Equations (10-6), Solving Trinomial Equations (10-6) Moving Words (10-6) 14.2 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (Section 11-3). What is the Title of this Picture? (11-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) 14.3 Students will solve radical equations (Section 13-4). 14.4 Students will solve quadratic equations by completing the square (Section 13-6). 15.0 Students apply algebraic techniques to solve rate problems, work 15.1 Students will solve systems of equations by using the substitution problems, and percent method (Section 8-2). mixture problems. Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 88 (13-6) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES Step “Two” It (8-2) 15.2 Students will solve systems of equations by using the elimination method with multiplication and addition (Section 8-4). 17 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS 15.3 Students will organize data to solve problems (Section 12-8). SUGGESTED RESOURCES Equations with Fractional Coefficients (12-8) 16.0 Students understand the concepts of a relation and a function, determine 16.1 Students will show relations as sets of ordered pairs, tables, mappings, and whether a given relation graphs (Section 5-2). defines a function and give pertinent information about given relations and functions. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 17.0 Students determine the domain of independent variables and the range of dependent variables defined by a graph a set of ordered pairs, or a symbolic expression WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 17.1 Students will find the value of a function for a given element of the domain (Section 5-5). What Did the Indian Say to the Guy With a Bucket Over… (5-5) What Did the Baby Porcupine Say When it Backed? (5-5) Crunchy Functions (5-5), Function Detective (5-5) 17.2 Students will graph a line given any linear equation (Section 6-5). 17.3 Students will graph quadratic functions (Section 11-1). 17.4 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (Section 11.3). What is the Title of This Picture? (11-3) Algebra using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) 18 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 18.0 Students determine whether a relation defined by a graph, a set of ordered pairs, or a symbolic expression is a function and justify the conclusion. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 18.1Students will find the value of a function for a given element of the domain (Section 5-5). 19.0 Students know the quadratic formula and are familiar with its proof 19.1 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic by completing the square. formulas (Section 11-3). 19.2 Students will solve quadratic equations by completing the square (Section 13-6). 20.0 Students use the quadratic formula to find the roots of a seconddegree polynomial and to solve quadratic equations. 21.0 Students graph quadratic functions and know that their roots are the x-intercepts. SUGGESTED RESOURCES What Did the Indian Say to the Guy With a Bucket Over… (5-5) What Did the Baby Porcupine Say When It Backed… (5-5) Crunchy Functions (5-5), Function Detective (5-5) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES What is the Title of This Picture? (11-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 88 (13-6) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 20.1 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (Section 11-3). Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) What is the Title of This Picture? (11-3) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 21.1 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (Section 11-3). What is the Title of This Picture? (11-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) 19 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 22.0 Students use the quadratic formula or factoring techniques or both to determine whether the graph of a quadratic function will intersect the x-axis in zero, one, or two points. 23.0 Students apply quadratic equations to physical problems, such as the motion of an object under the force of gravity. 24.0 Students use and know simple aspects of a logical argument. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 22.1 Students will solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (Section 11-3). What is the Title of This Picture? (11-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 94 (11-3) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 23.1 Students will use the zero product property to solve equations as they apply to real-world applications (Section 10-6). More Ratios and Slope (10-6) Word Problems with Quadratics (10-6) Solving Quadratics Using the Square Root Method (10-6) More Quadratic Equations (10-6), Solving Trinomial Equations (10-6) Moving Words (10-6), Tip (10-6), Binder Section (10-6, #37, # 38, #39) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 24.1 Students explain the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning and identify and provide examples of each. http://www.purplemath. com/modules/modules.htm http://www.math.com/ homeworkhelp/Algebra.html 24.2 Students identify the hypothesis and conclusion in logical deduction. http://www.purplemath. com/modules/modules.htm http://www.math.com/ homeworkhelp/Algebra.html 20 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 24,3 Students use counterexamples to show that an assertion is false and recognize than a single counterexample is sufficient to refute an assertion. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 24.3.1Students will recognize and use the distributive property to simplify expressions and provide counterexamples to statements (Section 1-7). Properties of Real Numbers (1-6,7,8), Number Properties (1-6,7,8) Where’s the Chocolate? (1-6,7,8), Where’s the Water? (1-6/7/) Tasty Properties (1-6,7,8), Have No Fear (1-6,7,8) Properties Crossword (1-6,7,8), Properties Proofs (1-6,7,8) You Write the Properties (1-6,7,8), Opposites Subtract (1-6,7,8) More Simplifying Expressions (1-7), The Distributive Property (1-7) Why is Belly Dancing Illegal in Schlumpville? (1-7) Why are Handcuffs Like Souveniers? (1-7), Review Worksheet (1-7) Binder Section (1-7, #49) 24.3.2 Students will add and subtract Famous Last Word (2-5) rational numbers and use the answers to Binder Section (2-5, #43) make decisions (Section 2-5). 24.3.3 Students will determine whether a given relation is a function and find the value of a function for a given element of the domain (Section 5-5). What did the Indian Say to the Guy With a Bucket Over… (5-5) What did the Baby Porcupine Say When It Backed… (5-5) Crunchy Functions (5-5), Function Detective (5-5) Binder Section (5-5, #4) 24.3.4 Students will graph a line given any linear equation (Section 6-5). Binder Section (6-5, #1) 25.0 Students use properties of the number system to judge the validity of results, to justify each step of a procedure, and to prove or disprove statements 21 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 25.1 Students use properties of numbers to construct simple valid arguments (direct and indirect) for, or formulate counterexample to claimed assertions. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 25.1.1 Students will recognize and use the distributive property to simplify expressions (Section 1-7). Properties of Real Numbers (1-6,7,8), Number Properties (1-6,7,8) Where’s the Chocolate? (1-6,7,8), Where’s the Water? (1-6/7/) Tasty Properties (1-6,7,8), Have No Fear (1-6,7,8) Properties Crossword (1-6,7,8), Properties Proofs (1-6,7,8) You Write the Properties (1-6,7,8), Opposites Subtract (1-6,7,8) More Simplifying Expressions (1-7), The Distributive Property (1-7) Why is Belly Dancing Illegal in Schlumpville? (1-7) Why are Handcuffs Like Souvenirs? (1-7), Review Worksheet (1-7) 25.1.2 Students will find the value of a function for a given element of the domain (Section 5-5). What did the Indian Say to the Guy With a Bucket Over… (5-5) What did the Baby Porcupine Say When It Backed… (5-5) Crunchy Functions (5-5), Function Detective (5-5) 25.1.3 Students will write linear equations in point-slope and standard forms (Section 6-2). Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 76 (6-2) Binder Section (6-2, #45) 25.1.4 Students will multiply monomials (Section 9-1). 25.1.5 Students will simplify expressions involving powers of monomials (Section 9-1). Finding Patterns with Powers (9-1), Powers and Exponents (9-1) Integers as Exponents (9-1), Powers of Monomials (9-1) Multiplying Monomials (9-1) What Happens to a Dog Who Eats Table Scraps? (9-1) What Was Unusual About the Horse-Breeding Magazine? (9-1) Binder Section (9-1, #36, 37) 25.1.6 Students will simplify expressions involving quotients of monomials (Section 9-2). 25.1.7 Students will simplify expressions containing negative exponents (Section Dividing Polynomials by Monomials (9-2), Dividing monomials (9-2) Binder Section (9-2, #1, #2, #3) 22 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES (9-2). 25.2 Students judge the validity of an argument according to whether the properties of the real number system and the order of operations have been applied correctly at each step. 25.1.8 Students will find prime factorizations of integers and find greatest common factors (GCF) for sets of monomials (Section 10-1). Prime Factor Trees (10-1), Factor Falls (10-1) Let’s Make a Factor! (10-1), Exploration 16 (10-1) Textbook Section (10-1, #2, #3, #4) 25.1.9 Students will simplify square roots and radical expressions (Section 13-2). Binder Section (13-2, #3, #54) Do Elephants Know How to Gamble? (13-2) Reducing Square Roots (13-2) WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES 25.2.1 Students will use the order of operations to evaluate real number expressions and use the result to make decisions (Section 1-3). Order of Operations with Integers Crossword (1-3) Number Properties: Order of Operations (1-3), Order Up (1-3) Why Did Simeon Wrench Sleep Under His Car? (1-3) Why Should You Look Out for a Pig That Knows Karate? (1-3) Binder Section (1-3, #3, #42, #43) 25.2.2 Students will solve equations involving more than one operation (Section 3-3). Solving Two-Step Equations with integers (3-3) Equations: Using Integers (3-3), Climbing Solutions (3-3) Making Tracks (3-3), Lost & Found (3-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Pages 24, 32, 44 (3-3) 25.2.3 Students will solve equations with the variable on both sides using a check step (Section 3-5). Solving Equalities with Variables on Both Sides (3-5) Cryptic Quiz (3-5) Why Do Girls Like Guys Who Wear Shirts with Eight Buttons? (3-5) 25.2.4 Students will simplify square roots (Section 13-2). 25.2.5 Students will simplify radical Reducing Square Roots (13-2) Do Elephants Know How to Gamble? (13-2) 23 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES expressions (Section 13-2). 25.3 Given a specific algebraic statement involving linear, quadratic, 25.3.1 Students will solve equations involving more than one operation or absolute value justifying each step (Section 3-3). expressions or equations or inequalities, students determine whether the statement is true sometimes, always, or never. WORKSHEETS and ACTIVITIES Solving Two-Step Equations with integers (3-3) Equations: Using Integers (3-3), Textbook Section (3-3, #2, #6) Climbing Solutions (3-3), Making Tracks (3-3) Lost & Found (3-3), Algebra Using Number Tiles, Page 24 (3-3) Algebra Using Number Tiles, Pages 32, 44 (3-3) 24 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 4.0 FOURTH GRADE – (Core Connections From Foundation Math Curriculum Document) NUMBER SENSE 4.1 Students understand 4.1.3 Students will convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions. the place value of whole numbers and decimals 4.1.4 Students will use the concepts of to two decimal places negative numbers to add, subtract, and how whole numbers multiply and divide whole numbers. and decimals are related to simple fractions. Students use the concepts of negative numbers. (1.1-1.9) Resource Notebook Section 3-5 Resource Notebook Section 8-3 4.3 Students solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers and understand the relationships among the operations. (3.1-3.4) 4.3.1 Students will add, subtract, multiply and divide multi-digit whole numbers. Sections 1-4, 1-5 4.4 Students know how to factor small whole numbers. (4.1-4.2) 4.4.1 Students will be able to factor whole numbers. Resource Notebook Section 3-3 4.4.2 Students will be able to identify prime numbers. 25 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS ALGEBRA AND FUNCTIONS 4.1.2 Students will interpret and evaluate 4.1 Students use and mathematical expressions. interpret variables, mathematical symbols, and properties to write and simplify expressions and sentences. (1.1-1.5) 4.2 Students know how to manipulate equations. 4.2.2 Students will be able to solve onestep equations. SUGGESTED RESOURCES Resource Notebook Section 9-2 Resource Notebook Section 9-3 MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY: 4.1.1 Students will draw points Resource Notebook Sections 10-1, 10-2 4.1 Students use twocorresponding to linear relationships on dimensional coordinate graph paper. grids to represent points and graph lines and simple figures. (2.12.3) 5.0 FIFTH GRADE – (Core Connections From Foundation Math Curriculum Document) NUMBER SENSE 5.1 Students compute with very large and very small numbers, positive integers, decimals, and fractions and understand the relationship between decimals, fractions, and 5.1.1 Students will perform basic computations with whole numbers, decimals, and fractions. Resource Notebook Sections 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 5.1.2 Students will convert decimals to fractions and percents. Resource Notebook Sections 3-5, 5-2, 5-3 26 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS percents. They understand the relative magnitudes of numbers. (1.1-1.5) SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 5.1.3 Students will convert fractions to decimals and percents. 5.1.4 Students will convert percents to decimals and fractions. 5.1.5 Students will compare/order decimals, fractions, and percents. Resource Notebook Section 5-4 5.1.6 Students will compute a given percent of a whole number. Resource Notebook Section 5-5 5.1.7 Students will calculate and recognize exponents of whole numbers as repeated multiplication Resource Notebook Section 1-6 5.1.8 Students will determine the prime factors of whole numbers. 5.2 Students perform calculations and solve problems involving addition, subtraction, and simple multiplication and division of fractions and decimals. (2.1-2.5) 5.1.9 Students will identify integers, fractions, and decimals on a number line. Resource Notebook Section 8-1 5.2.1 Students will perform basic operations with decimals. Resource Notebook Section 2-3 5.2.2 Students will add and subtract integers. Resource Notebook Section 8-3 27 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 5.2.3 Students will solve word problems involving addition, subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers. Resource Notebook Sections 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 5.2.4 Students will multiply and divide fractions and apply these procedures to word problems. Resource Notebook Sections 4-3, 4-4 ALGEBRA AND FUNCTIONS 5.1.1 Students will know and use the 5.1 Students use distributive property in expressions variables in expression with one variable. for specific values of the variable, and plot and interpret the results. Resource Notebook Section 8-4 6.0 SIXTH GRADE – (Core Connections From Foundation Math Curriculum Document) NUMBER SENSE 6.1 Students compare and order positive and negative fractions, decimals, and mixed numbers. Students solve problems involving fractions, ratios, proportions, and percentages. (1.1-1.4) 6.2 Students calculate and solve problems involving addition, subtraction, 6.1.1 Students will compare and order positive and negative fractions, decimals and mixed numbers and place them on a number line. Resource Notebook Sections 3-4, 8-1, 8-2 6.1.3 Students will use proportions to interpret and solve problems. Resource Notebook Section 5-6 6.2.1 Students will add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions. Resource Notebook Sections 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 28 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS multiplication, and division. (2.1-2.4) SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS 6.2.2 Students will add subtract, multiply and divide integers. SUGGESTED RESOURCES Resource Notebook Section 8-3 6.2.3 Students will find the least common multiple and greatest common factor of a given whole number. ALGEBRA AND FUNCTIONS Resource Notebook Section 9-3 6.1 Students write verbal 6.1.1 Students will write and solve onestep linear equations containing one expressions and variable. sentences and algebraic expressions and Resource Notebook Section 9-2 equations; they evaluate 6.1.2 Students will write and evaluate a given expression of up to two variables. algebraic expressions, solve simple linear 6.1.3 Students will apply algebraic order of Resource Notebook Sections 8-3, 9-4 equations, and graph operations and properties to justify and interpret their each step of the process of solving an results. (1.1-1.4) equation. 7.0 SEVENTH GRADE – (Core Connections From Exit Exam Prep Curriculum Document) ALGEBRA AND FUNCTIONS 7.1.1 Students will use variables and ASN Section 1-1, 2-9, 7-1-7.7 7.1 Students express appropriate operations to write an quantitative expression, an equation, an inequality, relationships by using or a system of equations or inequalities algebraic terminology, that represents a verbal description (e.g. expressions, equations, three less than a number, half as large inequalities, and as area A). graphs. 29 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 7.1.2 Students will use the correct order of operations to evaluate algebraic expressions such as 3(2x+5)2 ABC p. 80 ASN Section 1-3 7.1.5 Students will represent quantitative relationships graphically and interpret the meaning of a specific part of a graph in the situation represented by the graph. ABC pp. 159-177 ASN Section 5-1, 5-4 7.2 Students interpret and evaluate expressions involving integer powers and simple roots. 7.2.1 Students will interpret positive whole-number powers as repeated multiplication and negative wholenumber powers a repeated division or multiplication by the multiplicative inverse. They will simplify and evaluate expressions that include exponents. 7.3 Students graph and interpret linear and some nonlinear functions. 7.3.1 Students will graph functions of the form y=nx2 and y=nx3 and use in solving problems. ABC pp. 173-177 7.3.3 Students will graph linear functions, noting that the vertical change (change in y-value) per unit of horizontal change (change in x-value) is always the same and know that the ratio (“rise over run”) is called the slope of a graph. ABC p. 165 30 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS 7.4 Students solve simple linear equations and inequalities over the rational numbers. SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 7.3.4 Students will plot the values of quantities whose ratios are always the same (e.g., cost to the number of an item, feet to inches, circumference to diameter of a circle). They will fit a line to the plot and understand that the slope of a line equals the quantities. ABC p. 172 7.4.1 Students will solve two-step linear equations and inequalities in one variable over the rational numbers, interpret the solution or solutions in the context from which they arose, and verify the reasonableness of the results. ABC p. 176-192 7.4.2 Students will solve multi-step problems involving rate, average speed, distance, and time or a direct variation. MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY 7.1.1 Students will compare weights, 7.1 Students choose capacities, geometric measures, times, appropriate units of and temperatures within and between measure and use measurement systems (e.g. miles per ratios to convert hour and feet per second, cubic inches to within and between cubic centimeters). measurement systems to solve problems. 7.1.2 Students will construct and read drawings and models made to scale. ABC p. 278 31 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES 7.1.3 Students will use measures expressed as rates (e.g. speed, density) and measures expressed as products (e.g., person-days) to solve problems; check the units of the solutions; and use dimensional analysis to check the reasonableness of the answer. 7.2 Students compute the 7.2.1 Students will use formulas routinely for finding the perimeter and area of perimeter, area, and basic two-dimensional figures and the volume of common surface area and volume of basic threegeometric objects dimensional figures, including and use the results to rectangles, parallelogram, trapezoids, find measures of less squares, triangles, circles, prisms and common objects. cylinders. They know how perimeter, area and volume are affected by changes of scales. 7.3 Students know the Pythagorean Theorem and deepen their understanding of plane and solid ABC p. 282-292 7.2.2 Students will estimate and compute the area of more complex or irregular two-and three-dimensional figures by breaking the figures down into more basic geometric objects. ABC p. 293 7.3.2 Students will understand and use coordinate graphs to plot simple figures, determine lengths and areas related to them, and determine their image under translations and reflections. ASN Section 13-1 32 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES geometric shapes by construction figures that meet given conditions and by identifying attributes of figures. 7.3.3 Students will know and understand the Pythagorean theorem and its converse and use it to find the length of the missing side of a right triangle and the lengths of other line segments and, in some situations, empirically verify the Pythagorean Theorem by direct measurements. ASN Section 13-1 MATHEMATICAL REASONING 7.1.1 Students will analyze problems by Throughout 7.1 Students make identifying relationships, distinguishing decisions about how relevant from irrelevant information, to approach identifying missing information, problems. sequencing and prioritizing information, and observing patterns. 7.2 Student use strategies, skills, and concepts in finding solutions. 7.2.1 Students will use estimation to verify the reasonableness of calculated results. 7.2.3 Students will estimate unknown quantities graphically and solve for ASN Section 5-6 33 MATHEMATICS COURSE OF STUDY ALGEBRA SUPPORT STATE STANDARDS SUGGESTED CORE CONNECTIONS SUGGESTED RESOURCES them by using logical reasoning and arithmetic and algebraic techniques. 7.2.4 Students will make and test ABC p. 250 conjectures by using both inductive and deductive reasoning. 34