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Mackenzie Priestheck Spencer Wirth 1720­1763 Political Economic Social Proclamation Line of 1763: Salutary Neglect Pontiac's Rebellion French Indian War Consumer Revolution Treaty of Paris Freeholders Society Benjamin Franklin Albany Congress Women & the household economy Deism Indian Policy Agriculture industry boom John Locke Jonathan Edward Calvinism George Whitefield Old Lights vs. New Lights Enlightenment (American) The Great Awakening Pietism Increasing ethnic/class division Political​
: Proclamation Line of 1763:​
Established by King George III and it made all English settlement west of the Appalachian mountains illegal, and anyone previously settled there had to come back. ​
French Indian War: ​
A war fought between Britain and France (Creek, Iroquois, Mohawk…) and as a result France relinquished its North American empire, giving ENgland parts of Canada. It resulted in Great britain posing revenue taxes on the colonies and abandoning the policy of salutary neglect. Treaty of Paris: ​
Signed on February 10th by Great Britain, France, and Spain. France gave up all of its northern territories and Spain gave the US Florida. Albany Congress: ​
In June of 1754, the British Board of Trade called a meeting in Albany to mend relations with the Iroquois. British colonial delegated denied English occupation of Iroquois land and sought alliance against (new) France. Indian Policy: ​
As a result of an Indian policy that respected the rights of Indians, groups of frontiersmen massacred or expelled Indians from their homeland (specific incidents in South/North Carolina and with the Paxton Boys). It was particularly supported by Scottish and Irish immigrants who sought their own land. Economic: Salutary Neglect: ​
A policy in which Great Britain ignored illegal economic activity in the Americas due to the Economic success of the Empire as a whole. Consumer Revolution: ​
Great Britain undergoes industrial development allowing for more cheap goods and increased intensity of labor conditions. Freeholders Society: ​
A society/economic system based on distinct time period in which an individual can reside on land. Women and the Household Economy: ​
Women start to become the “managers” of the house and take on more responsibilities (although men are still the heads of the house). Agriculture Industry Boom: ​
More people are attracted to the middle colonies, which was fueled by the growing demand of wheat, corn, and flour (think bread basket).​
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Industrialization and improvement of tools make farming easier. Social Pontiac’s Rebellion: ​
During the French Indian war, many indians preferred the presence of French Fur traders since there were very few, and feared an influx of English settlers. Chiefs like Pontiac of the Ottawa Tribe aligned with the French and sabotaged English settlements. Benjamin Franklin: ​
He was a Deist who contributed many inventions as well as philosophical reflections. He wrote ​
Poor Richard's Almanac, ​
founded the American Philosophical Society, and questioned contemporary religion. Deism: ​
A way of thinking (not an established religion). Many believed that a supreme being created the world, but owed it to operate by natural laws and did not intervene in history and people's lives. They rejected the divinity of christ and the bible and relied on natural reason/instinct to define right and wrong. John Locke: ​
Was a major contributor to the Enlightenment (but died before the actual movement started). He believed that experience and environment impacted human behavior and beliefs, argued that character could be changed, and did not believe in Divine Right.\ Jonathan Edward: ​
In the 1730s he restored life to congregational churches in the Connecticut River Valley. He was inspired by calvinism, believing that men and women were helpless creatures completely dependent on the mercies of god. He contributed to the Enlightenment by arguing that people's beliefs depended on their passions. He believed in using scare tactics to make them moral. Calvinism: ​
Invented by John Calvin. It comes from Protestant theology, and elaborates on Luther’s Doctrine of Justification by faith alone and emphasises predestination. Regarded as strict and harsh. George Whitefield: ​
Started the a Great Awakening and was a follower of English Methodism. He carried John Wesley’s message to America, attracting “enthusiasts”. He used drama and in some cases a female persona in his preachings. Followers felt a “new light” inside of them, therefore becoming new lights. Old vs. New Lights: ​
New lights were followers of George whitefield that felt a “new light” in them, and the old lights were people who disliked Whitefield’s dramatic sermons and conversion experiences/ideas. The Enlightenment (America): ​
It was inspired by the European Enlightenment. It focused on reason, science, and philosophy as a way to challenge traditional Christian views on the world around them. Pietism: ​
A revival of religious fever often influenced by nature, and focused on religious duty. Increasing Ethnic and Class Divisions: ​
Influx of new European immigrants (German, Irish…) in combination with Pietism created social fragmentation, particularly in middle colonies. Negative feelings between English settlers and immigrants grew.