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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Skills Worksheet Viruses Use the terms from the list below to fill in the blanks in the following passage. bacteriophages capsid emerging diseases envelope lysogenic cycle lytic cycle prions prophage provirus temperate viruses viroids viruses Segments of nucleic acids contained in a protein coat are called (1) _______________________. The protein coat, or (2) ___________________, may contain RNA or DNA, but not both. Many viruses have a(n) (3) _______________________, which surrounds the capsid and helps the virus enter cells. Viruses that infect bacteria are called (4) _______________________. Viruses cause damage when they replicate inside cells many times. When the viruses break out, the cell is destroyed. The cycle of infection, replication, and cell destruction is called the (5) _______________________ _______________________. During an infection, some viruses stay inside the cells but do not make new viruses. Instead, the viral gene is inserted into the host chromosome and is called a(n) (6) _______________________. Whenever the cell divides, the provirus also divides, resulting in two infected host cells. This type of replication cycle is called a(n) (7) _______________________ _______________________. Viruses whose replication includes the lysogenic cycle are called (8) _______________________ _______________________. When the DNA of a temperate phage is integrated into the host’s chromosome, the phage is known as a (9) _______________________. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Modern Biology 47 Viruses Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Viruses continued Diseases that evolve in a geographically isolated area and are caused by pathogenic viruses are called (10) _______________________ _______________________. Infectious disease agents that have a single strand of RNA and have no capsid are called (11) _______________________. There is a newly discovered class of infectious particles called (12) _______________________, which are composed of protein with no nucleic acid. In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. _____ 13. retrovirus _____ 14. reverse transcriptase _____ 15. virulent _____ 16. oncogene _____ 17. vector _____ 18. inactivated virus _____ 19. lysis _____ 20. attenuated virus _____ 21. protease inhibitor _____ 22. proto-oncogene a. intermediate host that transfers a pathogen b. gene that causes cancer c. the bursting of a cell, releasing new viruses d. RNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase e. viruses that reproduce only by the lytic cycle f. weakened form of a virus g. blocks capsid synthesis h. gene that can be converted into a cancer-forming gene i. cannot replicate in a host cell j. uses RNA as a template to make DNA Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Modern Biology 48 Viruses