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hij Teacher Resource Bank GCE Religious Studies Explanation of Terms Unit 1L: Islam 2: The Life of the Prophet Copyright © 2008 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA) is a company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales (company number 3644723) and a registered charity (registered charity number 1073334). Registered address: AQA, Devas Street, Manchester M15 6EX. Dr Michael Cresswell, Director General. Teacher Resource Bank / GCE Religious Studies / Explanation of Terms Unit 1L: Islam 2 The Life of the Prophet / / Version 1.0 EXPLANATION OF TERMS Unit 1L: Islam 2: The Life of the Prophet Term Definition ancestors Forefathers and foremothers. Ansar Arabic word meaning helper, given to the Muslims from Madinah distinguishing them from emigrants. Arabia Area of land on Arabian peninsula. Bedouin Nomadic tribes who live in Arabia. Some had become sedentary like the people of Makkah. beliefs Statements of faith. Caliph (Kalifah) A deputy for God. Title given to the successor of Muhammad as head of the Ummah. Christianity Monotheistic religion. Based on teachings of Jesus, who lived 0-33 AD. clan (tribal system) Social system based on family ties. conquest Victory over. contemporaries People who lived at the same time. emigrant The term used for those Makkan Muslims who completed the Hijrah from Makkah to Madinah. Hanifs, the Monotheists in and around Makkah, who prayed by going out into the desert to meditate. Hijah The Emigration from Makkah to Madinah in 622 BCE. Islam Arabic word meaning submission. In the Qur’an 5v5 this is the name given by God to the way he has chosen from the Ummah. jahiliyyah The pre-Islamic Context (literally Days of Ignorance). Judaism Monotheistic religion codified in Torah c.1500 BCE. Life of the Prophet The Life of Muhammad c580-640 BCE. Madinah (Medina) A key city in the history of Islam, where Muhammad emigrated to from Makkah (Mecca) in 622 BCE. Madinian period The time (622-632) when Madinah was the first Islamic state, ruled by Muhammad. klm Copyright © 2008 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. 1 Teacher Resource Bank / GCE Religious Studies / Explanation of Terms Unit 1L: Islam 2 The Life of the Prophet / / Version 1.0 Term Definition Makkah (Mecca) The city where Muhammad was born. The Spiritual centre of Islam, it is in Saudi Arabia. Muhajirun Arabic for Emigrants – The Muslims who moved to Madinah from Makkah. Muhammad Literally “Praised”. The last and greatest of the prophets of Allah. pilgrimage Religious journey to a place of religious significance. political To do with the organisation of a country / state. polytheism Worship of many gods, usually involving idol worship. possession A condition in which a person is apparently taken over by an, often malicious, spiritual force. Prophethood The status or position of Prophet. prophet A person who connects with Allah. There have been 124,000 prophets but only 25 are named in the Qur’an. Qur’an The Holy Book revealed to the Prophet Muhammad by the angel Jibril. Allah’s final revelation to humankind. religion An organised faith system. role Function in context of a particular activity. Sh’ia (Sh’i) Muslims who believe that the first califah should have been ‘Ali. Literally ‘the Party of Ali’. social To do with society. spiritual To do with beliefs in God. statesman Person with role of political and social leadership. status Social rank, position in society. Sunni Muslims who believe in the successorship of the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali. tradition Practices based on long-standing beliefs. values Measure of importance to the society / within the society. ‘Warner’ Term applied to Muhammad in Makkan days when he warned people that they were risking their eternal life. 2 Copyright © 2008 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. klm