Download Name: Date: Period: _____ Energy Work and Power

Name: _________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: _____
Energy Work and Power
Conservation of Matter
• Matter cannot be _______________ or _______________.
• Atoms and particles can be _______________.
Conservation of Energy
•
Energy can never _______________ or _______________.
•
•
•
Energy can change from one _______________ to another.
But the total amount of energy in the universe remains the same.
energy is that it is constantly being changed and recycled from one form to another
ENERGY AS WORK
•
Energy is _______________ or the capacity to perform
_______________
•
_______________ is when a force is applied to an object so that it moves a
distance.
W = Fx
• W – work – in _______________ (J)
•
F – force – in _______________ (N)
•
x – distance moved – in _______________ (m)
KINETIC AND POTENTIAL ENERGY
• Energy of any matter in motion is termed _______________
energy.
•
Potential energy is called "the energy of _______________."
ELECTROMAGNETISM
• every atom is held together by positive and negative electrical
charges
•
•
a form of _______________ energy
The energy from our sun is transmitted to the Earth via
electromagnetic waves
NUCLEAR ENERGY
• strong nuclear force holds the protons and neutrons together
• at the core of the sun, atoms fuse and in the process release energy
•
process is called _______________.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
• the energy from a nuclear bomb, and from nuclear reactors released by the splitting apart of the
nucleus of atoms
•
This is called _______________.
CHEMICAL ENERGY
Energy Work and Power
Page 1 of 2
Name: _________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: _____
Energy Work and Power
•
•
The source of all energy for all living things is in a chemical process called ______________.
electromagnetic waves provide the energy to convert water, and carbon dioxide from the air, into
oxygen and _______________
•
•
_______________ is used as energy by the plant and animals that the eat the plant
Advantage of chemical energy is it can be stored as potential energy for long periods of time and
then released as kinetic energy
SOUND ENERGY
• sound is a form of _______________ energy
• sound energy radiates outwards, transmitted from molecule to
molecule
• Is there sound in space?
THE ENERGY OF HEAT
• Heat is a form of _______________ energy
• rapid movement of molecules
• As the heat of an object increases, the molecules move more and more
rapidly.
ENERGY EXCHANGES
• _______________ is a by-product of the mechanical or chemical
processes
THE THREE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
1. energy cannot be _______________ or _______________
2. all things are moving towards _______________
3. as a system approaches absolute zero, the extraction of energy becomes
more and more difficult
THE ENERGY-MATTER CONNECTION
• Albert Einstein
• E = mc²
– _______________ (E) equals _______________, (m) times the speed of
_______________ squared (c².)
•
_______________ can be transformed into pure _______________
Energy Work and Power
Page 2 of 2
Name ____________________
6
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Video Quiz
Directions: Answer the following true or false, or fill in the blank with the correct word to make it true.
1. Energy can be created and sometimes destroyed.
T_______ F_______.
2. The formula physicists use to express the expenditure of work or
energy is ______________.
3. Kinetic energy is described as energy of matter in motion.
T_______ F_______.
4. Potential energy is not important in the total amount of energy available
in the universe.
T_______ F_______.
5. Electromagnetic energy only exists as radiant energy from the sun and stars.
T_______ F_______.
6. Under intense heat two hydrogen atoms will fuse to form a helium atom and
release energy. This process is called ____________.
7. Photosynthesis is a process that converts energy from the sun into
chemical energy in the leaves of plants.
T_______ F_______.
8. Energy can be changed and recycled from one form to another.
T_______ F_______.
9. The second law of thermodynamics concludes that all things are moving
towards ____________.
10. Einstein's formula of E = mc² states that energy equals mass times
the speed of light squared.
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T_______ F_______.
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Name ____________________
2a
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Vocabulary Definitions
The following words and terms used in the program may be unfamiliar to you. Try to listen for these terms
while viewing the program, pay close attention so you can later include them in your scientific descriptions,
observations, and creative writing assignment activities.
absolute zero - at this temperature matter is devoid of kinetic energy - form of energy that results in the moveenergy. Absolute zero is -273 degrees Celsius, or -460 ment of an object.
degrees Fahrenheit.
law of conservation of energy - theory that energy
atom - the smallest unit of matter, made up of a nucleus cannot be created or destroyed. This is the first law
of thermodynamics.
of protons and neutrons and orbiting electrons.
chemical energy - a form of energy locked in the cells
of living or fossilized plants and animals.
mass - total quantity of an object's matter.
matter - the material that make up objects. Matter
E = mc² - Albert Einstein's famous equation, is read: cannot be created or destroyed.
Energy (E), equals (=) mass (m), times the speed of light,
squared (c²).
matter-energy connection - theory that matter and
energy are fundamentally the same.
Einstein, Albert - German-American physicist,
1879 - 1955.
molecules - compounds made up of two or more atoms.
electromagnetic energy - waves of electricity and mag- nuclear energy - the energy locked in the nucleus
netism, called electromagnetism. It is often called light. of atoms.
electron - negatively charged particles that orbit
the nucleus of atoms.
photosynthesis - the process carried out by green plants
and some microorganisms in which carbon dioxide,
water, and sunlight are converted into ATP and glucose,
energy - in physics, work or the capacity for doing work. releasing oxygen as a by-product.
energy exchanges - process where energy changes or
is recycled from one form to another.
potential energy - energy that has the potential for
doing work.
first law of thermodynamics - energy cannot be
created or destroyed.
second law of thermodynamics - the temperature of
all things flow in one direction, towards equilibrium.
fission - when the nucleus of atoms are split apart
releasing energy.
sound - a form of kinetic energy.
third law of thermodynamics - at absolute zero matter
fusion - when two hydrogen atoms fuse under extreme is devoid of energy.
heat, energy is released. Fusion is the energy of the
sun and stars.
work - in physics, is when a force is applied to an object
so that it moves a distance.
heat - a form of kinetic energy. Heat is sometimes
called thermal energy.
© 2003 Algonquin Educational Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name ____________________
2b
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Use the Right Word
Directions: Find the right word from the physics vocabulary list that completes the following sentences.
1. The form of energy that results in movement of any object is called ____________.
2. The energy of position, or energy prior to movement, is called ____________ energy.
3. Radiant energy from the sun is a form of ____________ energy.
4. Under intense heat, like in the core of the sun, two hydrogen atoms will fuse releasing energy. This is called
____________.
5. When the nucleus of an atom is split apart energy is released. This process is called ____________.
6. The source of energy of all living things is in a process called ____________.
7. Energy is constantly being changed and recycled into different forms. This is called energy ____________.
8. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. This is sometimes called
the law of the ____________ of energy.
9. If a machine is stopped it will adjust to a single uniform temperature until it reaches ____________ with
the other objects that surround it.
10. Einstein's famous formula that links energy and matter is ____________.
© 2003 Algonquin Educational Productions
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All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name ____________________
2c
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Word Match
Directions: Connect the word with the proper definition.
energy
energy always flows from hot to cold
energy conservation
cannot be created of destroyed
energy exchange
when hydrogen atoms fuse
fusion
a form of electromagnetic energy
kinetic energy
energy of position
light
when energy changes from one form to another
nuclear energy
work or the capacity to do work
potential energy
formula for the expenditure of work or energy
second law
energy of movement
W = Fx
energy in the nucleus of atoms
© 2003 Algonquin Educational Productions
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All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name ____________________
3
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Connected/Not Connected
Directions: Place the following words in the proper sentences.
absolute zero
atoms
Albert Einstein
chemical
E = mc²
electromagnetic
energy
exchanges
fission
fossil
fusion
kinetic
molecules
nuclear
potential
recycling
solar
sun
W = Fx
WORK
1. ____________ is connected to ____________ because it is a formula for the expression of energy.
2. ____________ energy is NOT connected to ____________ energy because one is the energy of movement
and the other is the energy of position.
3. ____________ are connected to ____________ because both are forms of matter.
4. ____________ is NOT connected to ____________ because one is the process by which hydrogen atoms fuse,
releasing energy, and the other is the process where the nucleus of atoms are blown apart, releasing energy.
5. The ____________ is connected to ____________ energy because the major source of this form of energy
for the earth comes from this heavenly body.
6. ____________ energy is NOT connected to ____________ energy because one is energy formed through the
photosynthesis process and the other is energy in the nucleus of atoms.
7. Energy ____________ are connected to the ____________ of energy because energy has the ability to be
transformed from one form to another.
8. ____________ energy is NOT connected to energy gained from the burning of ____________ fuels because one
form of energy causes no air pollution and the other produces greenhouses gases harmful to the environment.
9. ____________ is connected to ____________ because he formulated this famous formula.
10. ____________ is NOT connected to ____________ because when a substance reaches this point the electrons
have almost no movement.
© 2003 Algonquin Educational Productions
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All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name ____________________
7
ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS
ENERGY: WORK and POWER
Post-Test
Vocabulary
Directions: Fill in the blank with the appropriate term from the list below.
absolute zero
atom
chemical
electromagnetic
electron
equilibrium
exchange
fission
fusion
force
heat
kinetic
molecules
nuclear
potential
solar
sound
thermodynamics
wind
work
1. Sound and heat are examples of ____________ energy.
2. The water stored above a dam and the energy locked in the nucleus of an atom are both examples
of ____________ energy.
3. When cows convert the energy in grass into energy that can be used in their bodies that is an example of an
energy ____________.
4. Physicists have summarized their understanding of heat and energy into the three laws of ____________.
True or False
Directions: Fill in the blank with True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make the statement
true. Rewrite the true statement in the space provided.
5. ________ To a physicist, work and energy are two separate and distinct concepts.
6. ________ Sound is a form of nuclear energy.
7. ________ A tree standing in a forest has potential energy.
8. ________ Electromagnetic energy from the sun cannot be changed into chemical energy.
9. ________ Energy from the wind creates pollution because greenhouse gases are released in the process.
Essay Section
Directions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. Use the back of this page or a separate
sheet of paper if you need more space to complete your answer.
10. Why is heat a form of kinetic energy?
11. Explain why energy from wind is less polluting than the energy from fossil fuel.
12. Explain energy exchanges and give some examples.
© 2003 Algonquin Educational Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.