Download Agenda

Agenda
Notes/Discussion:
Key Focus:
—  The United States enters World War I
—  The Lusitania
—  The Zimmerman Letter
—  Effect on South Carolina and the
Model and Guided- Fill in Graphic organizer
Closure:
Independent Practice: Micro Lab
Reflection: Quiz questions
Relevance
Have you ever been in a situation where someone
tried to get another person or friend of yours to
take sides against you?
Focus Statement
•  Explain the reasons for United States
involvement in World War I and the war’s
impact on South Carolina
Key terms
•  Allies- Great Britain, Russia, France, Italy and
the US
•  Central Powers- Germany, Austria- Hungary,
Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria
•  The Lusitania- A British Passenger ship that
was torpedoed and sunk by a German U-boat
in 1915. On board were 1959 people, 159
were US citizens. 1198 died, 128 of the dead
were US civilians. Key terms
•  Germany’s Zimmerman Note- A telegram that
British cryptographers deciphered from German
Foreign minister Zimmerman to the German minister
to Mexico, offering US territory to Mexico in return for
joining the German cause.
Key terms
•  Wilson’s Fourteen Points- A statement of the war
aims of the Allies made by president Wilson on
January 8, 1918. •  The Sedition Act- a short-lived amendment to the
U.S. Espionage Act of 1917 that listed offenses
deemed criminal when the country is at war, including
to willfully obstruct military recruitment and to print,
write, or publish any disloyal or abusive language
about the form of the U.S. federal government
•  Who? The First World War: Central Powers:
Allies:
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Russia
France
Great Britain
Italy
Japan
United States (1917)
8 The First World War: •  Where? 9 Neutrality
•  In the beginning the United States wanted
to remain neutral.
•  The war was happening in Europe.
•  Wilson was re-elected in 1916
››On the slogan “He kept us out of the war” Why did it take so long for America
to get involved in the war?
•  America had an attitude of isolationism
•  “Why should I get involved in someone
else’s problems?”
11 Which side should the US pick?
Central Powers:
Allies:
• 11 million German-Americans
• Irish-Americans hated Great
Britain
• Close cultural ties
• Shared transatlantic cables
(so censored stories)
• Big business loaned much $
to allies
US Exports to both sides:
Nations
Britain
France
Germany
1914
1915
1916
$594,271,863 $911,794,954 $1,526,685,102
$159,818,924 $364,397,170 $628,851,988
$344,794,276 $28,863,354
$288,899
12 Critical Thinking
Why would control of the seas
help trade?
What pulled America into the War
• 
• 
• 
• 
Unlimited Submarine (U-boat) warfare
The sinking of the Lusitania
Sussex Pledge is broken
The Zimmerman Telegram
What did it take to get the US involved?
1. Unlimited Submarine Warfare
• Britain blockaded
(stopped) all German
ships going to America
• Germany announced a
submarine war around
Britain
Y-­‐53 German Submarine 1916 15 What did it take to get the US
involved?
1. Unlimited Submarine Warfare
• In May, 1915 Germany
told Americans to stay
off of British ships
• They could/would sink
them
16 What did it take to get the US
involved?
2. Sinking of the Lusitania
• 
• 
• 
• 
German Propaganda JusOfying Lusitania sinking The Sinking of the Lusitania BriOsh passenger liner that set sail from New York carrying American ciOzens. It was sunk without warning on May 7, 1915 off the coast of Ireland 1,198 lost; 128 US ciOzens Germans claimed the Lusitania was carrying contraband (war materials: guns, ammuniOon…) •  She was! 17 What did it take to get the US
involved?
• The US sharply
criticized Germany
for their action
• Germany agreed
not to sink
passenger ships
without warning in
the future
Note in Boale Aber Lusitania Disaster 19 What did it take to get the US
involved?
Germany responded to Wilson's
demands on May 4 with what is
called the "Sussex Pledge."
German submarine policy would
henceforth be governed by
promises to:
Ø end the sinking of passenger
ships
Ø search merchant ships for
contraband
Ø make provisions for passengers
and crews before sinking
merchant ships
20 Focus Statement
•  Explain the reasons for United States
involvement in World War I and the war’s
impact on South Carolina
What did it take to get the US
involved?
• 1917 Germany
announced “unlimited
submarine warfare” in the
war zone
Why? Otherwise their
blockade would not be
successful
22 What did it take to get the US
involved?
3. Russian Revolution
•  March 1917-Russia left WWI
due to a Revolution in their own
country
•  Germany now would
concentrate totally on the
Western Front
•  Pleas from Great Britain and
23 Focus Statement
•  Explain the reasons for United States
involvement in World War I and the war’s
impact on South Carolina
What did it take to get the US involved? 4. Zimmerman Note
• US intercepted a note from Germany to
Mexico,
•  If the U.S. entered War against
Central Powers, Mexico should
attack the U.S. and receive as a
reward: Texas, New Mexico,
and Arizona.
25 Checking For Understanding
•  What did Germany promise
Mexico in return for their alliance.
Focus Statement
•  Explain the reasons for United States
involvement in World War I and the war’s
impact on South Carolina
Wilson’s Plan
•  Called the 14 points
•  Points 1-5-Remove the Causes of War
–  Freedom of Seas
–  Prohibit secret treaties
–  Reduce Arms
–  Reduce colonies
–  Self-Determination-each person allowed to
move to country of their nationality
Wilson’s Plan
•  Points 6-13-Boundary Changes
•  Point 14-League of Nations
–  Most valued-heart of peace plan
–  Peace association-solve problems by
diplomatic means instead of war
Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points were first outlined in a speech Wilson gave to the American Congress in January 1918. Wilson's Fourteen Points became the basis for a peace programme and it was on the back of the Fourteen Points that Germany and her allies agreed to an armisOce in November 1918. 1. No more secret agreements ("Open covenants openly arrived at"). 2. Free navigaOon of all seas. 3. An end to all economic barriers between countries. 4. Countries to reduce weapon numbers. 5. All decisions regarding the colonies should be imparOal 6. The German Army is to be removed from Russia. Russia should be leb to develop her own poliOcal set-­‐up. 7. Belgium should be independent like before the war. 8. France should be fully liberated and allowed to recover Alsace-­‐Lorraine 9. All Italians are to be allowed to live in Italy. Italy's borders are to "along clearly recognizable lines of naOonality." 10. Self-­‐determinaOon should be allowed for all those living in Austria-­‐Hungary. 11. Self-­‐determinaOon and guarantees of independence should be allowed for the Balkan states. 12. The Turkish people should be governed by the Turkish government. Non-­‐Turks in the old Turkish Empire should govern themselves. 13. An independent Poland should be created which should have access to the sea. 14. A League of NaOons should be set up to guarantee the poliOcal and territorial independence of all states. Checking For Understanding •  What was the purpose of
Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
How did the War Affect the US? Women
• Women filled factory jobs
• May have led 19th Amendment after the war (Gave women the right to
vote)
African Americans
• Black soldiers still served in Segregated Units
• “Great Migration” - thousands of African Americans moved North to
work in factories
33 How did the War Affect the US? Enforcing Loyalty
• Hatred of all things German
• Ex. “Liberty Cabbage”
• Espionage Act 1917 & Sedition Act of 1918 punished those against the
war (many labor leaders)
34 Reasons for US Involvement in WWI Model and Guided The United States declared neutrality at the outbreak of the war. However,
various factors challenged American neutrality and eventually led to the
involvement of the United States in what came to be known as the Great War.
The traditional trading partnership with Great Britain and the blockade of
German
ports by the British navy severely limited American trade with
Germany.
American businesses made loans to the Allies in order to continue
trade.
Public opinion was impacted by America’s traditional connection to the
British. The German use of the submarine affected public opinion against
Germany and alienated President Wilson, who was incensed by the loss of
innocent lives. The 1915 German U-boat’s sinking of the British passenger
ship, the Lusitania, brought about sharp protests from President Wilson but
did not bring the United States into the European war. Instead, Germany
pledged to restrict their use of submarines.
Close
Explain the reasons for United States involvement in World War I and the war’s impact on South Carolina Reasons For US Involvement in WWI Impact of WWI on SC Impact of WWI on US Critical Thinking
Focus Statement
•  Explain the reasons for United States
involvement in World War I and the war’s
impact on South Carolina
What do I already know about this question
What did person______ say?
Reflection of my learning about this question
What did person______say?
Microlab Protocaol Written Refection Rubric
High
Medium
Low
•  Few content
concepts
•  No Content
concepts
•  Peer reference
•  No peer
reference
•  No peer
reference
•  2 examples of
evidence
•  1 example of
evidence
•  No examples of
evidence
•  Includes
content
concepts
•  Confusing
What do I already know about this question
What did person______ say?
Reflection of my learning about this question
What did person______say?
Materials Needed
—  SC Standards
—  Text book
—  Informational Text
—  Document Camera/Promethean Board
—  PowerPoint
—  Teacher Created Notes
—  Teacher Created Graphic Organizers
—  Video/Mill Life
—  Primary Source Documents
—  Study Guides/Test