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Contents Introduction What is civilization? River Nile Life in Egypt Treasures of Egypt The end of the Egyptian civilization Hello! Hello!I’m I’man anarchaeologist. archaeologist.We Weare are going goingto tovisit visitthe thecentres centresof ofearly early civilization. civilization.First, First,let letme metell tellyou youthe the meaning meaningof ofcivilization. civilization. What is civilization? What is civilization? Do we live in a civilized society? Civilization is about the way of life in towns. People become civilized when they: Do we …… • know how to read and write? • could read and write • live in towns or cities • know how to make metal tools • trade with other people • has a government and laws Yes Do we live in a civilized society? Do we live in a civilized society? Do we …… Do we …… • live in towns or cities? • know how to make metal tools? Yes Yes Do we live in a civilized society? Do we live in a civilized society? Do we …… Do we …… • trade with other people? • have a government and laws? Yes Early civilization Where did the early civilization begin? Civilization first began in: • Mesopotamia in West Asia • the Nile Valley in Egypt • the Indus Valley in India • the Huanghe Valley in China Yes Early civilization The Thefour fourcentres centresof ofearly early civilization civilizationwere wereall allin inriver river valleys. valleys. What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? They invented writings. Cuneiform writing of the Sumerians They invented writings. What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? Early Chinese writing on an animal bones What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? They used metals. Tutankhamun’s golden mask They used metals. A bronze pot of ancient China What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? They built large towns. The city of Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar II They built large towns. Remains of the city of Mohenjo-Daro What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? They traded with other people. Sumerian traders sailing in their reed boats They traded with other people. Egyptian traders sailing to distant countries in large wooden ships What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? What were the common features of the people living in the four centres of early civilization? They developed religion. They formed government. Hammurabi’s pillar of laws A bronze statue of an Indian god What is the climate of Egypt like? Is it appropriate to call Egypt ‘the Nile’s gift’? River Nile Egypt is hot and dry. Yes. It is because the river provides the Egyptians water. Why was the River Nile important to the Egyptians? 1. Summer - flooding 2. Autumn - planting Life in Egypt 4. Spring - harvesting 3. Winter - watering Government Farming Do you know who he was? He was the pharaoh (Egyptian king). The Egyptians were good farmers. He was the most powerful man in Egypt. Shaduf – invented by ancient Egyptians