Download Lecture 10 Handout: Endocrine System

Endocrine System Handout
I.
General
a. Primary function
i. Regulate _____________________environment
ii. _______________________
b. Structure: __________________ & _____________________
c. Major Glands
i. Hypothalamus
v. Thymus
ii. Pituitary gland
vi. Adrenal glands
iii. Thyroid gland
vii. Pancreas
iv. Parathyroid glands
viii. ____________________: Ovaries & Testis
d. Hormones
i. Chemical _____________________ of the body
ii. Act on specific _________________ cells 
iii. ______________ or ______________in body function
e. Hormone Regulation
i. “____________________ Feedback”
ii. When target cells release too much hormone  send back a message to
__________________ the hormone release.
iii. When too little hormone is released  the target cell sends back a message to
_________________ the normal level
II.
Hypothalamus
a. Location: ______________________________________
i. Attached to the __________________ gland
b. Function
i. Controls the ______________ _______________
ii. __________________
iii. __________________
iv. __________________
III.
Pituitary Gland: AKA_____________________ AKA ___________________
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a. Location
i. In the _________________
ii. Below the _______________________
b. Anterior lobe: ____________________ hormones
i. ________________hormone (GH)  _________& ____________
1. Function
a. Stimulate ______________________
b. _________ blood ________________levels
ii. _________________ (PRL)  ____________________glands
1. Function
a. Stimulate _______________ development during _______
b. ________________________________________ delivery
iii. _____________-Stimulating horm. (FSH)  __________ or ____
1. Function
a. _____________ production
b. _____________ secretion
iv. ________________Horm. (LH)  ____________ or _________
1. Function
a. ____________________
b. ____________________ secretion
v. ________________ Stimulating Hormone (TSH)  ___________
1. Function
a. Stim. ____________________________
b. Stim. secretion of ___________________________
vi. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)  ___________________
1. Function
a. Stim. adrenal ______________________________
b. Stim. secretion of __________________________
c. Posterior lobe: ____________________ hormones
i. Anti-__________________ Hormone (ADH)  ______________
1. Function
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a. Stim. H2O _______________ _______urine output 
___________H2O in serum/body
ii. Oxytocin  _______________ & __________________ glands
1. Function:
a. Uterine _____________________ during labor
b. __________________ secretion
IV.
Thyroid Gland
a. Shape: _____________________
i. ___________ lobes connected by an ___________________
b. Location
i. Straddles the _____________________
c. Hormones
i. _______________ Hormone: Thyroxine (________)
1. Function: _______________________________________
2. Necessary ingredient: _______________
ii. Triiodothyronine (_________)
1. Function: _______________________________________
2. Necessary ingredient: _______________
iii. Calcitonin  ____________ ______ levels in the__________
V.
Parathyroid Gland
a. Location: ______________on the ___________lobes of the ___________
b. Number: ______________
c. Hormone: ________________________ Hormone (_________)
i. Necessary ingredient: ____________________________
ii. _________ Serum ___________levels  _______ released  ____________ (target
cell)  Releases _______into plasma  _____________ Serum ____________levels
VI.
Adrenal Gland
a. Location: _____________ of each ________________
b. Adrenal _____________________
i. ________________ steroids
1. ______________corticoids: _______________
a. Primary Action: ________ blood glucose level
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b. Secondary Action: ______________________
c. Primary Purpose: _______________________
2. ______________corticoids: _______________
a. Function: ________ & _________ balance
b. Target cells: _________________
c. __________ blood volume / blood __________ Adrenal
_____________ _____________  ___________ 
____________ Na+ and H2O  _________blood _________/ blood
________________
ii. Androgens
c. Adrenal _____________________
i. Epinephrine AKA: ________________________
ii. Norepinephrine
1. Action:
a.
___________ Heart rate
b. ____________ Force of heart contraction
c. _____________ blood vessels
2. Purpose:______________________ Response
a. ____________or_______________!
3. ____________ __________ or ____________ response  Adrenal
_____________ Epi/norepinephrine 
a. ________  _________ rate/contraction
b.
___________Vessels  ____________________ 
c. Handle ___________________
Small Group Questions:
1. What is negative feedback?
2. What is the “Master Gland”? Why is it called that?
3. What are the target cells of GH?
4. What hormone targets the mammary glands?
5. What hormones target the gonads?
6. What are the targets cells of ACTH?
7. What is the action of the thyroid hormones?
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8. What is the action of PTH
9. What is the purpose and action of Glucocorticoids?
10. What is the action of Epinephrine? What response does it elicit?
VII.
Assessment
a. Hormone affect ______________________________
b. Health Hx
i. ____________________
ii. ____________________
iii. ____________________
iv. ____________________
v. ____________________
vi. ____________________
c. Physical Assessment
i. General appearance
ii. Skin : _________________________________
iii. ___________ & _____________________
iv. Exophthalmos: ____________________________
v. Visual ________________________
vi. Palpate _______________________
VIII.
Diabetes Insipidus
a. Hormone Imbalance: ________________________________
b. Gland: ________________________
c. S&S
i. _________________________
ii. _________________________
iii. Urine specific gravity: _______________
iv. Urine color: ____________________
v. _______________________
vi. Pulse: ________________________
vii. Skin turgor: __________________
viii. Mucous membranes: ____________________
d. Priority Nursing Dx: _________________________________________
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e. Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor:
1. ____________________
2. __________________________ of urine
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. __________________ function
ii. Daily ____________________
iii. Provide adequate _____________________
iv. Administer ___________________per order: Monitor for __________
IX.
Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-diuretic Hormone secretion (______________)
a. Hormone Imbalance: ______________________________
b. Gland: __________________________
c. S&S
i. ___________ urine output
ii. _________________ urine
1. Specific Gravity _____________________
iii. ________________ natremia
iv. No _________________
v. ____________________
vi. Weight ______________
vii. ____________________
d. Priority nursing diagnosis: _____________________________________
e. Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor
1. _________________
2. _________________
3. _________________
4. Serum ___________ levels
ii. Daily _________________
iii. Auscultate _____________
iv. Fluid__________________
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v. Provide ______________________ care
vi. Administer _______________per MD order
1. ___________________________________
2. Monitor for S/E: ___________________& __________ precaution
Small Group Questions:
1. What hormonal imbalance is assoc. with DI?
2. What are the characteristic S&S of DI?
3. What is the primary nursing diagnosis for DI?
4. Identify 5 nursing interventions for a client with DI (give rationales)
5. What hormonal imbalance is assoc. with SIADH?
6. What are the characteristic S&S of SIADH?
7. What is the primary nursing diagnosis for SIADH?
8. Identify 5 nursing interventions for a client with SIADH (give rationales)
X.
Hyperthyroidism
a. Hormonal imbalance: ___________________________
b. Gland: __________________________
c. S&S: Think ______________________
i. Neuro: _____________________________________________________
ii. C/V: ______________________________________________________
iii. G/I: _______________________________________________________
iv. Integumentary: ______________________________________________
v. Endocrine: __________________________________________________
vi. Sensory: ___________________________________________________
d. Medical Management
i. Goal: _________________production of ______________
ii. Meds: Anti- ________________ drugs:
1. Action: _____________ thyroid hormone production
iii. Meds: _______________-Adrenergic Blockers
1. Action: ____________________________________
e. Priority Nursing Diagnosis
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i. Alt. ______________________________function
ii. Imbalanced _________________________
iii. _____________________
iv. _____________________ deficits
v. ____________________ disturbance
f.
Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor
1. _________________
2. _________________ sounds
3. _________________
4. _________________ intake
ii. Diet
1. __________ calorie
2. __________ protein
3. __________ fiber
4. __________ meals
iii. Teach __________________
iv. Provide _________________ periods
v. _______________ showers
vi. Protect __________: __________ glasses & __________________ tears
vii. Enc. to express ________________________
viii. Enc to ______________ question
XI.
Hypothyroidism
a. Hormonal imbalance: ______________________________________
b. Gland: _______________________________________
c. S&S: Think _________________________
i. Neuro: _______________________________________________
ii. C/V: _______________________________________________
iii. G/I: _______________________________________________
iv. Integumentary: ________________________________________
v. Endocrine: _______________________________________________
vi. Sensory: _______________________________________________
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d. Medical Management
i. Goal: ______________________________
ii. ______________________ preparations
1. Levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid, Levothroid)
2. Action: ____________________________
3. Nursing Implications
a. Give _________________________
b. Check ____________________a\ admin
c. Monitor S/E: _____________________________
d. Rx for __________________________________
e. Priority Nursing Diagnosis
i. Decreased ___________________________
ii. Imbalances________________: ___________than body requirements
iii. _______________________
iv. _______________________ intolerance
f.
Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor : _______________________________________________
ii. Provide __________________
iii. ________________________ room temp
iv. Monitor _________________________ status
v. Monitor _____________________
vi. Diet
1. ____________ calorie
2. ____________ fiber
3. ____________ fluid _______________________
vii. Enc ______________________ at tolerated
viii. ________________________ periods
ix. Assist with __________________
x. Administer ______________________________ per MD order
xi. Administer meds per MD order: Monitor for S/E
Small Group Questions:
1. What hormonal imbalance is assoc. with hyper & hypo thyroidism?
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2. What are the distinguishing characteristic of hyperthyroidism?
3. What is the medical treatment for hyperthyroidism
4. What are the primary nursing diagnosis for hyperthyroidism?
5. What are 5 nursing interventions for a client with hyperthyroidism (give rationales)?
6. What are the distinguishing characteristic of hypothyroidism?
7. What is the medical treatment for hypothyroidism
8. What are the primary nursing diagnosis for hypothyroidism?
9. What are 5 nursing interventions for a client with hypothyroidism (give rationales)?
XII.
Cushing’s Syndrome
a. Hormonal imbalance: ________________________________
b. Gland ____________________________________________
c. S&S
i. ______________face & ___________________hump
ii. Easy ____________________
iii. Slow ____________________healing
iv. Hirsutism: Excessive _________________________________
d. Medical Management
i. Goal: _______________________________________________
e. Priority Nursing Diagnosis:
i. Fluid Volume _______________________
ii. Risk for _____________________
iii. Risk for ___________________________
iv. Disturbed _________________________
f.
Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor: ____________________________________________________
ii. _____________________________environment
iii. _____________________________devices
iv. Provide _____________________periods
v. ___________________room/limit ________________________
vi. Assess ________________________
vii. ______________________________ tech with procedure
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XIII.
Addison’s Disease
a. Hormonal imbalance: ________________________________________________
b. Gland:_______________________________________________________
c. S&S
i. Skin: ____________________________________________________
ii. C/V: ____________________________________________________
iii. CNS: ____________________________________________________
iv. G/I: ____________________________________________________
d. Medical Management:
i. Goal ______________________ corticosteroids and Mineralocorticoids
1. _______________________ (cortone)
2. Nursing implications
a. Give ______________________________
3. S/E
a. _____________B/P
b. _____________
c. Weight ____________
d. __________________
e. Poor ________________ healing
e. Priority Nursing Diagnosis
i. Fluid volume ______________________
ii. _______________________ intolerance
iii. Imbalanced____________________ : __________than body requirements
f.
Nursing Interventions
i. Monitor
1. ______________________
2. S&S of ____________________
3. ___________________________B/P
ii. ________________ fluids
iii. ________________  slowly increase ______________________
iv. Diet
1. _______________calorie
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2. _______________ meals
Small Group Questions:
1. What is the hormonal imbalance assoc. with Cushing’s disease?
2. What are the distinguishing and important S&S of Cushing’s disease?
3. What is the medical management for a client with Cushing's disease?
4. What are the primary nursing diagnoses of a client with Cushing’s disease?
5. What are 5 nursing interventions for a client with Cushing’s disease? Prioritize you interventions
and give a rational
6. What is the hormonal imbalance assoc. with Addison’s disease?
7. What are the distinguishing and important S&S of Addison’s disease?
8. What is the medical management for a client with Addison’s disease?
9. What are the primary nursing diagnoses of a client with Addison’s disease? Prioritize your
diagnoses.
10. What are 5 nursing interventions for a client with Addison’s disease and give a rational for
each?
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