Download Chapter 23 test - Geneva Area City Schools

Chapter 23 test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Figure 23-1
____
1. In Figure 23-1, what process does the arrow labeled A represent?
a. transpiration
c. evaporation
b. condensation
d. precipitation
____
2. Which processes are involved in erosion?
a. precipitation, evaporation, and condensation
b. weathering, runoff, and transpiration
c. weathering, evaporation, and runoff
d. weathering, the force of gravity, and wind
____
3. In the water cycle, the process that changes a liquid into a gas is called
a. transpiration.
c. condensation.
b. evaporation.
d. precipitation.
____
4. A permeable layer of rock that is saturated with water is called a(an)
a. water table.
c. watershed.
b. lake.
d. aquifer.
____
5. Which of the following is an example of erosion?
a. to wear down and carry away rock and soil through the force of gravity
b. to wear down and carry away rock and soil through the action of wind
c. to wear down and carry away rock and soil through the action of water
d. all of the above
____
6. Tilted telephone poles and fences curving in a downward direction on a hillside are evidence of
a. a landslide.
c. a slump.
b. a mudflow.
d. creep.
____
7. A sediment deposit formed when a stream flows into a lake or the ocean is called a(an)
a. alluvial fan.
c. meander.
b. delta.
d. natural levee.
____
8. Caves are formed by erosion from
a. glaciers.
b. streams.
____
c. wind.
d. groundwater.
9. A mound of sediment formed at the downhill end of a glacier and along its sides is called
a. a cirque.
c. a horn.
b. a moraine.
d. till.
____ 10. Deposits formed from windblown sand are called
a. moraines.
c. dunes.
b. loess.
d. cirques.
____ 11. Deep currents in the ocean are caused by
a. deep upwelling.
b. salinity changes with depth.
c. wind blowing across the ocean surface.
d. density differences of ocean water.
____ 12. What is the process that moves sand along a shore?
a. abrasion
c. a spit
b. hydraulic action
d. longshore drift
____ 13. The absolute age of an igneous rock found on a beach can be determined by using
a. radioactive isotopes.
c. the law of superposition.
b. fossils.
d. relative dating.
____ 14. Geologists could use which of the following to compare the age of sedimentary rock layers in Bryce Canyon
with sedimentary rock layers in the Grand Canyon?
a. radioactive isotopes
c. relative dating
b. index fossils
d. all of the above
____ 15. The Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods are divisions of
a. Precambrian time.
c. the Paleozoic Era.
b. the Cenozoic Era.
d. the Mesozoic Era.
____ 16. Which of the following is NOT an agent of chemical weathering?
a. rainwater
c. frost wedging
b. oxidation
d. carbonic acid
____ 17. A stream’s ability to erode depends mainly on
a. its temperature.
c. its speed.
b. the size of the sediment in the stream.
d. the shape of its valley.
____ 18. What type of ocean current brings cold water from the deep ocean to the surface?
a. a density current
c. a surface current
b. upwelling
d. a current caused by wind
____ 19. When did the first land plants and animals appear in the fossil record?
a. in the Mesozoic Era
c. during the Triassic period
b. in the Paleozoic Era
d. during the Carboniferous period
Completion
Complete each statement.
20. ____________________ is the process by which rocks are chemically altered or physically broken down into
fragments at or near Earth’s surface.
21. The main agent of chemical weathering is ____________________.
22. Deposits of windblown dust are called ____________________.
23. The _________________________ is a gently sloping plain covered with shallow water along the edges of
continents.
24. Life on Earth first occurred in ____________________ time.
25. The top of the region where pore spaces in rock and soil are filled with groundwater is referred to as the
____________________.
26. A rock that allows water to flow through it is said to be ____________________.
27. The ______________________________ is used by geologists to determine the relative ages of sedimentary
rock layers.
Short Answer
28. List at least four agents of erosion.
29. What are three common features of fast-moving streams in mountainous areas?
30. What are two features formed by deposition that are often found in caves?
Essay
31. Describe the journey of a water molecule through the water cycle.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 23-2
32. Inferring Which rock layer is the youngest layer shown in Figure 23-2?
33. Analyzing Data In Figure 23-2, would a fossil in layer D be younger or older than fossils found in layer B?
Figure 23-3
34. Inferring In Figure 23-3, is the stream flow moving faster at point C or at point D? Explain your answer.
35. Interpreting Graphics What is the feature labeled A in Figure 23-3?