Download Name: Section: A B C D E

Name: ____________________________________________ Section: A B C D E
Global Winds & Coriolis Effect
Please read section 2.2 The Atmosphere Has Wind Patterns (p. 47-54) and answer the
questions below.
Uneven Heating Causes Air to Move (p. 47)
Part A.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
Weather is the (1) ______________________________________. Wind is air that (2)
______________________________________. Remember that (3) ______________can
differ from place to place at the same altitude. (4) _____________________________
causes such pressure differences, which set air in motion. Over a short distance, wind
moves directly from (5) ___________________ to (6) ___________________.
Part B.
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
Draw & label the diagram How Wind Forms (p. 48) in your science notebook.
In no more than three complete sentences explain the diagram below your drawing.
Part C.
Fill in the blank
When the difference in pressure between two areas is small, the wind (7)
_______________________________. On the other hand, a (8)
______________________________________ can produce wind strong enough to
uproot trees.
The distance winds travel varies. Some winds die out quickly after blowing a few
meters. In contrast, (9) ___________________ travel thousands of kilometers in steady
patterns. (10) ___________________ between the equator and north and south poles
causes (11) ___________________. Near the equator, concentrated sunlight heats the
surface to a (12) ___________________. Warm air (13) ___________________,
producing (14) ___________________ . In regions closer to the poles, the sunlight is
more spread out. Because less of the Sun’s energy reaches these regions, the air above
them is (15) ___________________. The sinking dense air produces (16) ___________
that sets global winds in motion.
Earth’s Rotation Affects Wind Direction (p. 49)
Part D.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
If the Earth did not rotate, global winds would flow directly from (17) ______________.
However, Earth’s rotation changes the direction of winds and other objects moving over
Earth. The influence of Earth’s rotation is called (18) ___________________.
(19) _________________ curve as the Earth turns beneath them. In the Northern
Hemisphere, winds curve to the (20) ______________________________________ .
Winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the (21) ___________________ . The
Coriolis Effect is noticeable only for winds that travel (22) ___________________.
Global winds travel along three routes in each hemisphere. These routes, which circle the
world, are called (23) ___________________.
Bands of Calm Air Separate Global Wind Belts (p. 50)
Part E.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
Earth’s rotation and the uneven heating of its surface cause a pattern of (24)
___________________ separated by (25) ___________________. Each calm region is a
zone of either (26) ___________________ or (27) ___________________.
Calm Regions: The air usually stays (28) ___________________ in high-pressure and
low pressure zones. Winds are light and they often change direction.
 (29) ___________________ are a low-pressure zone near the equator. There,
(30) ___________________ rises to the top of the troposphere. Then the air
spreads out toward the (31) ___________________. The rising, moist air
produces (32) ___________________. During the hottest months, heavy
evaporation from warm ocean water in the region fuels tropical storms.

(33) ___________________ are high-pressure zones located about 30˚ north and
30˚ south of the (34) ___________________ . Warm air traveling away from the
equator (35) ______________________________________ in these regions.
The weather tends to be (36) ___________________ .
Wind Belts: As dense air sinks to Earth’s surface in the horse latitudes and other (37)
___________________ , it flows out toward regions of (38) ___________________ .
This pattern of air movement produces three global wind belts in each hemisphere.
Because of the (39) ___________________ , the winds curve toward the east or toward
the west. Some global winds are named for (40) _______________________________ .
 (41) ___________________ blow from the east, moving from the
(42) ___________________ toward the equator. These steady, strong winds die out
as they reach the (43) ___________________.

(44) ___________________ blow from the west, moving from the horse latitudes
toward the (45) ___________________. They bring (46) ___________________
across much of the United States.

(47) ___________________ blow from the (48) ___________________, moving
from the polar regions toward the mid-latitudes. (49) ___________________
often occurs when the cold air of the easterlies meets the warmer air of the
westerlies.
Effects of Wind on Travel (p. 52)
Part F.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
Jet Streams Flow Near the Top of The Troposphere (p. 52)
Not all long-distance winds travel along the Earth’s surface. (50) ___________________
usually flow in the (51) ___________________ from west to east for (52)
___________________. Air often moves in jet streams at speeds greater than
(53)_____________ . Like global winds, jet streams form because Earth’s surface is
(54) ___________________. Instead of following a straight line, jet streams loop
(55) ___________________.
Each hemisphere usually has two jet streams, a (56) ___________________ and a (57)
___________________. The polar jet stream has a strong influence on weather in North
America. It can pull (58) ___________________ down from Canada into the U.S. and
pull (59) ___________________ up toward Canada. In addition, (60)
___________________ tend to form along its loops.
Jet streams also affect air-travel times. Jet streams usually flow (61) ______________
above Earth’s surface. Since airplanes usually fly at these altitudes, their travel times can
be lengthened or shortened by the strong wind of a jet stream.
Patterns of Heating and Cooling Cause Local Winds and Monsoons (p. 53)
Part G.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
Local Winds
Some winds change daily in a regular pattern. These (62) ___________________ blow
within small areas.
 Sea breezes and land breezes occur near (63) ___________________. During the
day, land (64) ___________________. The air over the land (65) ___________.
Denser ocean air moves into an area of (66) ___________________, producing a
sea breeze. This pattern is reversed at night, when land cools (67) ___________
than water. Warm air rises over (68) ___________________, and cooler air flows
in, producing a land breeze.
 Valley breezes and mountain breezes are caused by a similar process. (69)
___________________heat up and cool faster than the valleys below them.
During the day, (70) ___________________ flow up mountains. At night,
(71) ___________________ flow down into valleys.
Part H.
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
Draw & label the diagrams Sea Breeze & Land Breeze (p. 53).
In no more than two complete sentences explain the diagram below your drawing.
Part I.
Fill in the blank with the missing words & phrases
Monsoons
Winds that change directions with the seasons are called (72) __________________.
Like sea breezes and land breezes, monsoons are caused by the different (73)
______________________________________ . However, monsoons flow longer
distances and affect much larger areas.
Winter monsoons occur in regions where the land becomes much (74)
___________________. (75) ___________________ builds over the land, and cool,
dry wind blows out toward the sea. During the summer this pattern reverses as the
land becomes much warmer than the sea. Moist wind flows inland, often bringing
(76) ___________________.