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Ch 12 Reproduction in flowering plants Practical 12.1 Examination of binary fission in bacteria Results (p. 12-2) Questions (p. 12-2) 1 2 2 Mitotic cell division. 3 a Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction. b Binary fission does not involve gametes. The offspring are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. 4 bac Practical 12.2 Examination and cultivation of a vegetative propagating organ Results (p. 12-5) 1 2 The iodine solution turns dark blue in colour. Questions (p. 12-6) 1 Vegetative propagation is the process by which the vegetative parts of the flowering plants develop into new plants. 2 Starch is stored in the tuber. 3 The buds of the tuber. 4 The swollen end of an underground stem. 5 The potato tuber becomes smaller because food stored in the tuber is used up for the development of a new plant. 6 1 In spring, the buds use the food stored in the tuber to produce adventitious roots and shoots. 2 In summer, some food made in the leaves is sent to the underground shoots and stored. The ends of underground shoots swell and form new tubers. 3 In winter, the aerial shoots die and the new tubers remain dormant. 4 In the next growing season, each bud in the tubers may grow into a new plant. Practical 12.3 Dissection and examination of a flower Questions (p. 12-13) 1 Name Function Stigma Receives pollen grains Ovary Contains ovules which carry female gametes Flower stalk Attaches the flower to the main stem of the plant Style Supports the stigma Anther Produces pollen grains which carry male gametes Filament Supports the anther Petal Protects the inner parts of the flower and attracts insects Sepal Protects the inner parts of the flower when it is a bud 2 a carpel stamen b corolla calyx 3 The ovary develops into the fruit. 4 The flowers are bisexual because they have both stamens and carpels in the same flower. Practical 12.4 Examination of an insect-pollinated flower and a wind-pollinated flower Results (p. 12-17) 1 Part of the flower Feature Gladiolus flower Grass flower Size Large Colour (Result depends on the Brown specimen.) Petal Small Way of attachment to Firmly attached the filament Anther Loosely attached Position Enclosed flower inside the Quantity Small in number Large in number Texture Rough and sticky Smooth and dry Size Relatively smaller Relatively larger Position Enclosed flower Texture Sticky Feathery Present / Absent Present Absent Hang outside the flower Pollen grain Stigma Nectary inside the Hang outside the flower 2 Gladiolus flower Grass flower Questions (p. 12-18) 1 Gladiolus is an insect-pollinated flower and grass is a wind-pollinated flower. 2 Gladiolus flower Anther enclosed inside the flower. / Large brightly coloured and scented petal attracts insects and provides a platform for them. / Sticky stigma curls down to pick up pollen grains from the insect. / Nectary secretes nectar to attract insects. / Rough and sticky pollen grains attach to the insect. (Any three) Grass flower Feathery stigmas hang outside the flower to catch pollen grains in the air. / Anther hangs outside the flower to release pollen grains to the air. / Filament is thin and flexible. / A large number of light and smooth pollen grains produced. (Any three)