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US History & Government Sectionalism & Causes of the Civil War Introduction: Until the Civil War (1861-1865), the Constitution had protected slavery, however as the nation expanded westward, the question of slavery grew more controversial as Americans began to question if the new western territories should permit slavery or not. The debate over the future of slavery in the West was first addressed with compromises, but by the 1850’s events had created a bitter divide in the nation. Below are these key events that lead to the Civil War. 1820 Missouri Compromise Missouri Maine Louisiana Territory 1850 Compromise of 1850 California Fugitive Slaves Popular Sovereignty 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act overturn the Missouri Compromise? The Rise of the Republican Party What did the Republicans mean by the phrase “Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men”? Who became the famous leader of the Republican Party? _____________________________________ 1857 The Dred Scott Case Who was Dred Scott? __________________________________________________________________ What did Dred Scott want?______________________________________________________________ Was he successful? ____________________________________________________________________ What was the outcome of the case (hint: Missouri Compromise)________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1859 John Brown’s Raid at Harper’s Ferry What did John Brown try to do? What happened to John Brown? 1860 Presidential Election of 1860 Identify which political party the candidates belong to in the election of 1860? Circle “R” (Republican) or “D” (Democrat) Lincoln 180 electoral votes D R Breckinridge 72 electoral votes D R Douglas 12 electoral votes D R Bell 39 electoral votes D R Based upon the map above, why did Lincoln win the election of 1860? What happened to the Democratic Party? US History & Government Sectionalism & Causes of the Civil War 1820 Missouri Compromise Missouri Maine Louisiana Territory Missouri entered the Union as a slave state Maine entered the Union as a free state Divided: Land above the 36’30” was to be free and land below that line was to be slave territory 1850 Compromise of 1850 California Fugitive Slaves Popular Sovereignty California entered the Union as a free state A strict fugitive slave law would force northerners to send slaves back to the south People in the New Mexico and Utah territories would vote to decide if slavery would be legal or not 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act overturn the Missouri Compromise? The Kansas Nebraska Act allowed for popular sovereignty in the territory. It was supposed to be free territory according to the Missouri Compromise The Rise of the Republican Party What did the Republicans mean by the phrase “Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men”? They did not want to see an extension of slavery into the territories Who became the famous leader of the Republican Party? Abraham Lincoln 1857 The Dred Scott Case (Scott v. Sanford) Who was Dred Scott? What did Dred Scott want? Was he successful? A slave brought into free territory. He sued for his freedom because he was in free territory No. The Supreme Court stated that property could not be taken away without just cause (5th amendment). So, Dred Scott was to be returned to his owner What was the outcome of the case (hint: Missouri Compromise) The Missouri Compromise was declared unconstitutional, because slaves could now be brought into any territory. Therefore the term free territory was meaningless. 1859 John Brown’s Raid at Harper’s Ferry What did John Brown try to do? What happened to John Brown? Lead an armed slave uprising He was captured, put on trial and executed 1860 Presidential Election of 1860 Identify which political party the candidates belong to in the election of 1860? Circle “R” (Republican) or “D” (Democrat) Lincoln 180 electoral votes D R Breckinridge 72 electoral votes R D Douglas 12 electoral votes R D Bell 39 electoral votes R D Based upon the map above, why did Lincoln win the election of 1860? The Democrats were divided between three candidates and the Republicans were united and won the northern states. What happened to the Democratic Party? The Democratic Party divided into competing factions did not enter the election united.
