Download Grade Nine Chemistry Review

Science 10F
Exam Review
January 2013
Here it is boys and girls, an exam is coming and you are no doubt studying hard and getting your
brain in gear for the big day!
First of all, you should spend some time reviewing the following:
1. Unit Tests – these are good examples of the kind of multiple choice and written
questions that you may see on the exam
2. Quiz Cards – Use these valuable tools to sharpen your knowledge of details and to see
where you may have made mistakes in past “quiz like” situations
3. Notes – Hey, they have lots of information! Could be useful?
Use this review sheet to help guide you through your studying. Listed below are some summaries
and tasks that you can do in preparation for your exam
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Atoms & Elements
Review
Here are some questions you should be ready for when you are reviewing the Atoms and
Elements Unit. You WILL be getting a Periodic Table with your exam.
1. Match the following chemical symbols to their name. H, He, Li, Be, B, C, etc.
2. What was Dalton’s model of the atom known as?
3. What was Thompson’s model of the atom known as?
4. What was Rutherford’s model of the atom knows as?
5. What was Bohr’s model of the atom known as?
Note: You should have a basic understanding of all of the major scientists, but nothing more specific
than what you needed to know for your quiz on this.
6. How did Bohr improve on Rutherford’s model of the atom?
7. Compare and contrast chemical and physical properties.
8. Compare and contrast chemical and physical changes.
9. Iron rusting in water is an example of a ________ change.
10. What’s the difference between an element, a compound and a mixture? Give an example of each.
11. What’s a pure substance?
12. What’s an atomic number? Atomic mass?
13. If an atom has 17 protons, how many electrons does it have?
14. If I know the number of protons an atom has, how can I find the number of neutrons it has?
15. Describe in detail the following aspects of the periodic table.
a) groups
b) periods
c) metals
d) metalloids
e) non-metals
f) halogens g) noble gases h) alkali metals i) alkaline earth metals.
16. If an element has one more electron than its number of protons, what will the charge on the atom
be?
17. In the most stable electron configuration, the outer electron shell has ___ electrons.
18. Draw the Bohr model diagrams for the following elements. Li, Be, C, O, Na, K, He, etc up to
#18.
19. What are the physical properties of metals, non-metals and metalloids?
20. Combine the following ions. K and I, Al and O, Na and Cl, Mg and Cl etc.
21. Be able to complete a table given atomic mass, atomic number etc. and fill in the missing
numbers.
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Here are some additional questions taken from previous exams. See what you can do
with these:
1.
Match the scientist with the idea or discovery
_____ Thomson
a) The atom solid and indestructible
_____ Alchemists
b) Electrons
_____ Mendeleev
c) Elements are arranged in a table
according to their atomic number
_____ Rutherford
d) Electrons travel in well defined
paths called orbitals
e) Electrons are found in probable
locations based on their energy
f) Lead can be changed into gold, we
just need to work on it.
g) Atoms are mostly empty with a
dense region called the nucleus
h) There are four elements: Earth,
Wind, Water, Fire.
_____ Aristotle
_____ Dalton
_____ Einstein
_____ Bohr
2. For each element,
i) draw the Bohr diagram
ii) state whether is a Metal, a Non-metal or a Metalloid.
iii) give the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in the atom.
a) Sodium
b) Fluorine
Grade Nine Exam Review
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2.
con’t
c) Carbon
d) Calcium
3.
Give an example between a physical property and a chemical property.
4.
Give two examples each of physical change and chemical change.
5.
How many atoms are in:
a)
6.
Mg3(PO3)2
b)
(NH4)2S
Find an element that is in the same family as Sulphur. What characteristics do
the two elements share? What does is mean to be in the same family? Is there
another name for family? Can you name or identify all the families of the
Periodic Table?
Grade Nine Exam Review
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7.
Find an element that is in the same period as nitrogen. What characteristics do
the two elements share? What does is mean to be in the same period? Is there
another name for period?
11.
Define and give an example of an isotope.
12.
Define Valence Electrons and list how many Silicon would have.
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Electricity Review
Who can forget our favourite unit of the course! This section is broken
into 2 parts – Electrostatics and Circuits. You WILL receive a reference
sheet with your exam
ELECTROSTATICS REVIEW
1. Which of the following are true of static charges? (Circle all that are true.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Like charges repel.
Like charges attract.
Opposite charges repel.
Opposite charges attract.
A positively charged object has lost electrons.
A positively charged object has gained protons.
A negatively charged object has lost protons.
A negatively charged object has gained electrons.
2. A negatively-charged balloon is held above (without touching) a
neutral electroscope. The presence of the nearby balloon causes the
needle of the electroscope to deflect.
a. Draw the charges on "induced" or "polarized" neutral electroscope
below.
b. Explain how the balloon has induced the temporary charge upon the
electroscope.
Consider the negatively charged electroscope at the right for review
questions #3 and #4.
3. If a negatively charged plate is brought near the top of the electroscope,
the deflected straw will:
a. not move at all.
b. be deflected more.
c. be deflected less.
Grade Nine Exam Review
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4. If a positively charged plate is brought near the top of the electroscope, the deflected
straw will:
a. not move at all.
b. be deflected more.
c. be deflected less.
For questions #5 to #8, consider the following situation. Connor Duct
(Con to his friends) takes a positively charged metal rod and touches a
metal sphere on an insulated stand as shown at the right. Draw the
direction of electron flow.
5. Electrons will flow until the two objects have equal ____.
a. charge.
b. electric potential.
c. potential energies.
6. The charge on the metal sphere will end up ___.
a. neutral
b. negative
c. positive
7. If an electroscope, charged up with excess negative charge, is touched and
grounded, then it will end up with ___ charge.
a. neutral
b. negative
c. positive
8. Two like charges ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
attract each other
repel each other
neutralize each other
have no effect on each other
must be neutrons
Grade Nine Exam Review
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CIRCUIT REVIEW
1. A charge of 0.30 Coulombs has a potential energy of 400 Joules has an electric
potential (i.e., voltage) of ___ Volts.
a.
b.
c.
d.
1300
400
120
0.0075
2. If a Van de Graff Generator has an electric potential (i.e., a voltage) of 600 Volts and
a charge of 0.000001 Coulombs. What is the PE of the charge?
a. 6.0 X 108 J
b. 600 J
c. 6 X 10-4 J
3. If you were to grab onto a single wire (suspended above the ground by the wire only)
that was at a potential of 1000 Volts,
a. You should make sure that you are insured.
b. You would not have any current flow since there is no electric potential
difference.
c. There will be a current, but your resistance is so large that you will not be
electrocuted.
4. In an electrical circuit, electrons come from _____________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a dry cell, wet cell or battery
the back emf (back pressure) of motors
the power station generator
the electrical conductor itself
none of these
5. The source of electrons lighting an incandescent light bulb is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the power company
electrical outlet
atoms in the light bulb filament
the wire leading to the lamp
the source voltage
Grade Nine Exam Review
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6. As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the circuit
_____________.
a. increases
b. decreases
c. stays the same
7. As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the circuit
____________.
a. increases
b. decreases
c. stays the same
8. A heater uses 20 A when used in a 110 V line. If electric power costs 10 cents per
kilowatt hour, the cost of running the heater for 10 hours is ___________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
$0.22
$0.55
$2.20
$5.50
none of these
9. A circuit has a current of 2.0 Amps. How many Coulombs of charge pass through the
circuit in 3.0 seconds?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2.0 C
3.0 C
4.0 C
6.0 C
Consider the following light bulb for questions #11 and #12. A light bulb has 144-ohm
when it is placed across a 120 V potential difference.
10. The current going through the light bulb is ___ Amps.
a.
b.
c.
d.
1.0
0.83
1.2
4.0
11. The power rating of the bulb is ___ Watts.
a.
b.
c.
d.
40
60
80
100
Grade Nine Exam Review
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13. Find the voltage, current, and resistance where it is needed below.
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Reproduction Review
Here are some questions that should be prepared to answer as you review the
Reproduction Unit.
1. Explain how fertilization takes place.
2. When referring to chromosomes “di” means…, “ha” means….
3. Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.
4. How do meiosis and mitosis differ? How are they the same?
5. What are the phases of mitosis? Of meiosis? Provide a brief description of each.
6. How are zygotes produced?
7. What are double-stranded chromosomes?
8. Give a brief summary of what happens during puberty for male and female humans.
9. Compare and contrast the differences between plant and animal cells.
10. Compare and contrast dominant and recessive genes.
11. Define the following: a) homozygous dominant; b) homozygous recessive; c)
heterozygous
12. Draw the Punnett Square for: a) FF, Ff b) Ff, Ff c) FF, ff d) ff, Ff etc.
13. The methods of reproduction in fungi are….
14. Cross-over is…
15. Describe the female reproductive cycle.
16. What the difference between genes, nucleotides, chromosomes and DNA?
17. What chromosomes can male sperm contain? What chromosomes can female eggs
contain?
18. In a Punnett square, what do the capital letters stand for? The small letters?
19. How do gene and chromosome mutations compare?
20. What’s a sex-linked trait?
21. What’s the difference between phenotype and genotype?
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Here are some Reproduction Questions taken from Previous Exams
(2004 -2005)
1. In which phase do spindle fibres shorten?
a) prophase b) metaphase c) anaphase d) telophase
2. In which phase does the nuclear membrane disolve?
a) prophase b) metaphase c) anaphase d) telophase
3. In which phase do chromosomes line up at the equator (middle) in pairs?
a) prophase b) metaphase c) anaphase d) telophase
4. Which organisms reproduce asexually through the process of sporulation?
a) yeast cells b) fungi c) bacteria d) mold
5. Which of the following methods can be used to reproduce plants?
a) layering b) grafting c) cutting d) all of the above
6. Which process produces somatic cells?
a) mitosis b) meiosis c) fertilization
d) variation
7. How many chromosomes are there in the nucleus of a human egg cell?
a) 3
b) 22
c) 23
d) 46
8. What form of reproduction is best in a changing environment?
a) asexual reproduction b) sexual reproduction c) fission
d) all of the above
9. Which of the following hormones is not involved in the production of male or female
gametes?
a) FSH b) testosterone c) estrogen d) LH
10. Which hormone does the corpus luteum produce?
a) estrogen b) progesterone c) testosterone d) none of the above
11. Sexual reproduction creates more ___?___ in the offspring than asexual reproduction.
a) buds
b) spores
c) grafts
d) variety
Grade Nine Exam Review
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12. What does progesterone seem to be responsible for?
a) building up the uterine lining
c) maintaining estrogen levels
b) stimulating ovulation
d) all of the above
13. Which of the following is an example of a gametophyte?
a) a sperm cell
b) an ovary cell
c) a pollen cell
d) an oocyte
14. Which of the following cells would you expect to be produced without Meiosis or
Mitosis?
a) a zygote
b) a sperm
c) an egg
d) a gamete
15. What is the first stage of human development called?
a) zygote
b) fetus
c) embryo
Grade Nine Exam Review
d) gastrula
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use the following diagram for questions 16, 17 and 18
C
A
B
D
16. Which of the following is coated with acid in order to prevent infection?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
17. In humans, the sperm will encounter and fertilize the egg in:?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
18. Estrogen will stimulate the build up of the lining of ?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
19. Spores are produced by mitosis and are therefore….
a) diploid.
b) haploid.
c) triploid.
d) polyploid.
20. Which of the following organs will develop first in a growing fetus?
a) the brain
c) the heart
b) the central nervous system
d) the stomach
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Fill in the blanks on the answer page.
Use only the words provided in the answer list.
Reproduction
During interphase, a cell will replicate its chromosomes, undergo __1__, and prepare for the
first phase of mitosis.
When conditions are favourable for growth, bacteria cells often reproduce asexually by __2__.
The process of ovulation releases a __3__.
Differences in characteristics among individuals are caused by different versions of genes
called __4__ .
__5__ produces gametes, each of which contains half the required number of chromosomes.
__6__ is the longest phase of mitosis.
Plants have the ability to reproduce asexually due to special cells called __7__.
Sperm cells are created in the __8__.within the testes
A gene is a segment of DNA that is coded to produce a __9__ .
The name for the neck of the uterus which must open to at least 10cm during pregnancy is
the __10__.
Long Answer Questions
Reproduction
1) Prostate cancer disrupts the function and enlarges the prostate gland in men.
Fully describe how this condition could affect the chances that sperm cells will
successfully reach and fertilize an egg cell. (5 marks)
2) A “Lethal Gene” is a version of a gene that causes death whenever it is homozygous in
a newly formed zygote. If two parents are “carrying” this lethal gene, what percentage
of their children will also likely carry the lethal gene? (5 marks)
3) A red eyed woman and a red eyed man have children. Each of these children has red
eyes. Each of these children grow up, get married to other red eyed individuals and
have children of their own. In each case, however, this new generation of children have
green eyes. Explain how this “change” could have occurred (10 marks)
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Textbook Questions
When studying for an exam you need to focus on your weak areas and spend less time on the
areas where you feel you are strong. With this review, you should look at each question first,
then mark the questions you absolutely need to focus on to do first, then work towards what
you are confident in.
Note: Use these questions to help you study, but make sure you review the
attached list of the outcomes you learned to make sure you are fully prepared for
the exam.
Atoms and Elements
History of Atomic Theory

You must know the contributions of Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford and Bohr, including
who discovered protons, electrons, nucleus etc.
Chemical and Physical Properties and Changes
Pg. 187 - Chapter at a Glance – Look at and review the questions. We did some of the
questions and didn’t do some. Look at the overview that is included and make sure you can
answer the appropriate questions. This goes for all the “Chapter at a Glance” pages.
Pg. 188-189 Chapter Review
2d, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 23
Elements and the Periodic Table
Pg. 223 – Chapter at a Glance
Pg. 224-225 Chapter Review
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15
Atomic Structure
Pg. 253 – Chapter at a Glance
Pg. 254 – Chapter Review
Grade Nine Exam Review
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8, 9, 10, 14
Chemical Families
Pg. 281 – Chapter at a Glance
Pg. 282-283 – Chapter Review
1, 3*, 8, 9, 10, 12, 25*,
Review Practice Test – pg. 288-291
1, 3, 4, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 40, 43, 46
Reproduction
Mitosis and Asexual Reproduction
Pg. 41 – Chapter at a Glance
Pg. 42-43 – Chapter Review
2-10, 13, 15-17
Sexual Reproduction and Variation
Pg. 75 – Chapter at a Glance
Pg. 76-77
1, 3, 11, 14, 15, 16, 20
Human Development
Pg. 105 – Chapter at a Glance
Grade Nine Exam Review
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Pg. 106 – 107
1-6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 20, 21, 25
Genetics
Draw Punnett Squares to predict genotype and phenotype.
Distinguish between homozygous and heterozygous, recessive and dominant, gene, DNA,
chromosome etc.
Read a pedigree chart to determine the pathway of a recessive gene through generations.
Grade Nine Exam Review
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