Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Rocky Intertidal Zone
Document related concepts
Transcript
TA B L E 8-2 Most Common Fishes Collected from the Rocky Intertidal Zone % of Total Common Name Scientific Name Black rockfish Grass rockfish Black-and-yellow rockfish Blue rockfish Kelp greenling Fluffy sculpin Tidepool sculpin Mosshead sculpin Woolly sculpin Bald sculpin Smoothhead sculpin Saddleback sculpin Cabezon Rosy sculpin Tidepool snailfish Opaleye Reef perch High cockscomb Monkeyface prickleback Black prickleback Rock prickleback Penpoint gunnel Rockweed gunnel Graveldiver Reef finspot Striped kelpfish Crevice kelpfish Spotted kelpfish Rockpool blenny Northern clingfish Sebastes melanops Sebastes rastrelliger Sebastes chrysomelas Sebastes mystinus Hexagrammos decagrammus Oligocottus snyderi Oligocottus maculosus Clinocottus globiceps Clinocottus analis Clinocottus recalvus Artedius lateralis Oligocottus rimensis Scorpaenichthys marmoratus Oligocottus rubellio Liparis florae Girella nigricans Micrometrus aurora Anoplarchus purpurescens Cebidichthys violaceus Xiphister atropurpureus Xiphister mucosus Apodichthys flavidus Xererpes fucorum Scytalina cerdale Paraclinus integripinnis Gibbonsia metzi Gibbonsia montereyensis Gibbonsia elegans Hypsoblennius gilberti Gobiesox maeandricus California clingfish Gobiesox rhessodon Northern California Central California Southern California Northern Baja California 6% 4% â â 2% 28% 7% 2% 1% 1% â â 6% â 2% â â 2% â 11% 8% 7% 2% â â 2% â â â 2% â â 1% 1% â 2% â â 2% â 3% 2% 1% â â â â 2% 4% 25% 12% 1% 18% 1% â 2% 5% â â 11% â â â â â â â â 50% 1% â â â â â 24% â â â â â â â â 5% â â 7% 4% â â â â â â 3% â â 20% â 4% â â 10% 1% 8% 2% â â â â â 4% â â 8% 12% 22% â â â â 7% 1% NOTE: Includes species 1% identified by cluster analysis (see Chapter 4) for four latitudinal regions of California and northern Baja California. Occurrences and abundances derived from all sources used in the analysis. See Fig. 4 for a pictorial representation of most species in the four regions. With few exceptions, the intertidal fish communities of California and northern Baja California comprise species of cold-water affinities (chapter 1, this volume). Both the sculpins and the rockfishes of the genus Sebastes occur only in the Northern Hemisphere as do the other scorpaeniforms represented (greenlings and snailfishes). Pricklebacks, gunnels, kelpfishes, and the graveldiver among the perciforms also have cold-temperate distributions. In contrast, nibblers, labrisomids, and blennies occur primarily in warm-temperate or tropical waters. Surfperches (Embiotocidae) are distributed broadly in warm- and cold-temperate latitudes of the northeastern Pacific, and clingfishes are represented worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. Species Richness and Relative Abundance Taxonomic compilations for four California and northern Baja California localities show that fish species richness is highest in Northern and central California (table 8-2, fig. 8-4). Eighteen species are listed for northern California, 17 for central California, 12 for northern Baja California, and only seven for southern California. At the family level, the Cottidae are represented by the most species in all four regions. Although differences in sampling effort must be taken into account, the regional differences in species richness may reflect the prevalence of cold-temperate fishes, especially sculpins, in the northeastern Pacific and their increased presence at higher latitudes and in areas of strong upwelling as in northern Baja California. A similar picture of dominance prevails in the numbers of individuals apportioned among families and species. Summaries of relative abundance based on the compilations from all sources (table 8-2) show that sculpins account for the largest proportion of individuals in northern California (46%) and southern California (51%) and the second largest proportion in northern Baja California (37%). Particularly abundant sculpins are the fluffy sculpin in northern California and the woolly sculpin in southern California and northern Baja California. The general abundance of these two sculpins at several northern and central California collection sites is illustrated in fig. 8-5b. In central California, sculpins are ROCKY INTERTIDAL ZONE 215
