Download GEOGRAPHY MESOPOTAMIA MAP • Mediterranean Sea • Persian

MESOPOTAMIA MAP
GEOGRAPHY
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Mediterranean Sea
Persian Gulf
Red Sea
Tigris River
Euphrates River
Sumer
Fertile Crescent
ACHIEVEMENT
INTELLECT
RELIGION
POLITICS
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
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N
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FIRST writing system - cuneiform
number system (based on 60)
Epic of Gilgamesh
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Fertile Crescent - lots of silt
"land between the rivers"
Tigris & Euphrates Rivers unpredictable floods
few natural barriers
few natural resources
Sumer
How did geography influence religion,
economy, architecture?
bartering
traded grain,
cloth, tools to get
stone, metal,
wood
specialization of
labor
city-states
ruled by priests, then by
dynasties
Sargon - created FIRST
empire
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FIRST civilization
Hammurabi - FIRST code of law
inventions, etc. - irrigation, wheel, sail,
plow, FIRST to use bronze
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polytheism
ziggurats
angry gods & gloomy afterlife
priests appealed to gods on farmers'
behalf
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Women - jobs & property, but NO
schooling
Class-based
kings & priests
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merchants
ordinary people
slaves
EGYPT MAP
GEOGRAPHY
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Mediterranean Sea
Red Sea
Nile River
Lower Egypt (Nile delta)
Upper Egypt
Eastern Desert
Western Desert
Memphis
ACHIEVEMENT
INTELLECT
RELIGION
POLITICS
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
Nile River – predictable floods
river flows north, winds blow south
cataract
Nile delta – fertile black soil
natural barriers - desert
How did geography influence religion,
economy, architecture?
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papyrus
FIRST to use stone columns in building
medical
knowledge
Engineering
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polytheism
pyramids
nice gods, pleasant afterlife
mummification
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Class-based
Social
movement
possible
Women –
own property,
divorce
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writing system – hieroglyphics
number system, geometry
365-day calendar
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pharaohs
theocracy
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Menes (united Egypt)
dynasties
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bartering
traded to get gold, ivory, cattle, granite
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pharaoh & family
priests, gov’t & military
leaders
merchants, artisans
peasants & laborers
slaves
INDUS VALLEY MAP
GEOGRAPHY
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Arabian Sea
Indian Ocean
Bay of Bengal
Indus River
Ganges River
Hindu Kush Mountains
Himalaya Mountains
Karakorum Mountains
Thar Desert
ACHIEVEMENT
INTELLECT
RELIGION
POLITICS
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
N
 plumbing and
sewage systems
 writing system –
not deciphered
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subcontinent
Indus River – unpredictable floods
seasonal monsoons
natural barriers – mountains, desert
cities – Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro
How did geography influence this
civilization?
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planned cities using grid system
public baths
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polytheism
links to modern Hindu religion – images of
Shiva and other gods
believed in afterlife
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social equality –similar housing
prosperous – time to make toys
stable and peaceful – few weapons
strong central government evidenced by
uniform city planning & construction
walled cities
invaded by
Aryans
traded long distance with Sumer
marked goods with stamps and seals
ANCIENT CHINA MAP
GEOGRAPHY
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Bay of Bengal
Pacific Ocean
Yellow Sea
East China Sea
Huang He (Yellow) River
Yangtze River
Gobi Desert
Himalaya Mountains
Taklimakan Desert
ACHIEVEMENT
INTELLECT
RELIGION
POLITICS
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
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N
 writing system (Shang dynasty)
not linked to spoken language
 oracle bones
Powerful leader assumes rule
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blast furnace – cast iron
chariot
gunpowder
porcelain
silk
paper
compass
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family linked to
religion--ancestor
spirits brought good or
bad fortune
consulted gods using
oracle bones
Period of
Prosperity
New Dynasty
claims Mandate
of Heaven
Huang He River - loess
unpredictable floods
natural barriers – mountains, deserts,
ocean
cities – Anyang
How did geography influence this
civilization?
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Period of Decline
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Dynastic Cycle & Mandate of Heaven
feudalism
Shang and Zhou Dynasties
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natural barriers limited trade
settlers provided most of their own goods
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group more important than individual
2 classes – nobles and peasants
family important
arranged marriages, women inferior