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THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANCIENT CHINA • China began along the Yellow (Huang He) and Yangtze Rivers in the North China Plain. • The Yellow River flooding was very unpredictable and was nicknamed “China’s Sorrow,” because the floods often destroyed entire villages. • Loess Soil or Yellow Soil from the rivers makes for very fertile land. • Only 10% of China is suitable for farming. Yellow (Huang He) River Yangtze River THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANCIENT CHINA • China was protected and geographically isolated from outsiders by natural barriers such as the: • Gobi Desert to the north • Taklimakan Desert to the west • Himalayas to the southwest • Pacific Ocean to the east Gobi Desert Taklimakan Desert Himalayas Pacific Ocean THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA • Built in the northern part of China in the 3rd century during the Qin Dynasty • Was built as a line of defense against invasions from the Mongols to the north • Rebuilt and added onto throughout the centuries – now is approximately 4,000 miles long