Download 5.2 Asexual Reproduction

5.2 Asexual Reproduction
Name: _________________
1. Match the following types of asexual reproduction with the examples.
Asexual Reproduction Type
Example
B 1. Binary Fission
A. Outgrowth of parent that separates to become independent
A 2. Budding
B. Bacteria
D 3. Fragmentation
C. Stems and Roots
A 4. Vegetative Reproduction
D. An animal that grows from a broken piece of the parent
E 5. Spore Formation
E. Reproductive cells that can survive extreme conditions
2. Compare and contrast budding and binary fission.
Budding Only
Only in multicellular
organisms.
Organism may or may not
separate from parent.
Both
Both are methods of asexual
reproduction.
The new offspring are identical
to the parent.
Binary Fission Only
Only in unicellular organisms.
Always separates from parent.
3. List two multicellular organisms that reproduce by budding.
1.
Answers will vary:
2.
Sponge, Hydra, Yeast
4. How do some spores survive unfavorable conditions? Describe some of these conditions.
Tough outer covering that can withstand harsh conditions. Some examples of these conditions are
drought, flood, extreme temperatures, and the process of digestion.
5. Explain why organisms that reproduce asexually often produce large numbers of
offspring.
They often produce large numbers of offspring to out-compete other species for nutrients and water.
In addition, large colonies may survive if environmental conditions or the number of predators
change.
Science 9 ● Biology● Assignment
Page 1
6. Why are most multicellular organisms unable to reproduce using budding?
Most multicellular organisms are to complex to use this method of reproduction. The more variation
in the types of cells in an organism, the more difficult it will be to reproduce via asexual methods like
budding.
7. Bacteria do not undergo mitosis. Explain how mitosis is different from binary fission.
In mitosis, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear, spindle fibres and centrioles are present,
and the chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell. None of these structures are present in bacteria
cells. Their DNA is one circular chromosome rather than the x-shaped chromosomes.
8. Give three ways plants can reproduce asexually.
1.
Vegetative Reproduction
2.
Spore Formation
3.
Fragmentation
9. Sea stars are able to attach to oysters, pry open their shells, and eat the insides. Oyster
farmers once tried to destroy sea stars by cutting them into pieces and throwing them
back into the ocean. What happened?
Cutting them into pieces will cause them to reproduce more starfish from the fragments through the
process of fragmentation. Even more oysters will be consumed by the species of sea stars because of
the increased number of sea stars.
10. Why do you think boaters are asked to clean weeds off their motors before entering and
after exiting a body of water?
Many types of weeds are capable of reproducing asexually via fragmentation. Once the weeds are on
the motors, they can spread very easily from one water body to another. Boaters that clean their
motors of can help prevent the spread of the weeds.
11. Give at least two advantages and two disadvantages of asexual reproduction.
Advantages
Produce large numbers very quickly that
increase the survival rate of a species,
outcompete other species for nutrients and
water, and survive if conditions become
unfavorable. Also, energy is not required to
find a mate.
Science 9 ● Biology● Assignment
Disadvantages
Offspring are genetic clones, which can make the
colony susceptible to disease. Since many
offspring are produced (often in a small area), the
may compete with each other for food and space.
Also, unfavorable conditions can wipe out entire
colonies.
Page 2
12. Describe the purpose of both therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Explain
how the two processes are similar.
Therapeutic Cloning
Reproductive Cloning Only
Similarities
Purpose is to correct health
problems; embryonic cells are
treated to become a required tissue
or organ, not another individual;
the tissue or organism is
transplanted back into the patient.
Purpose is to create a genetic
clone of an existing animal
for some desirable quality.
Embryo is put into surrogate
mother to complete
development.
Both are types of humanassisted cloning; can use egg
cells or stem cells; the nucleus
of the cell is removed and
replaced with the nucleus of
the desired organism.
Science 9 ● Biology● Assignment
Page 3