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HISTORY UNIT STUDY GUIDE PEOPLE TO KNOW: Hernan Cortes ______________________________________________________________________________ African Slaves ______________________________________________________________________________ Pizzaro ____________________________________________________________________________________ Atahualpa _________________________________________________________________________________ Simon Bolivar ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Toussaint L’Ouverture _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Miguel Hidalgo _____________________________________________________________________________ Conquistadors ______________________________________________________________________________ Montezuma _______________________________________________________________________________ Fidel Castro ________________________________________________________________________________ Prince Henry ______________________________________________________________________________ Archduke Ferdinand _________________________________________________________________________ James Cook ________________________________________________________________________________ Hitler _____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ TERMS TO KNOW: Columbian Exchange ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Cuban Missile Crisis ________________________________________________________________________ Zapatista Guerrilla Movement _________________________________________________________________ Imperialism ________________________________________________________________________________ Treaty of Versailles __________________________________________________________________________ Russian Revolution __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 G’s _____________________________________________________________________________________ Economy __________________________________________________________________________________ Depression ________________________________________________________________________________ Militarism _________________________________________________________________________________ Nationalism ________________________________________________________________________________ Genocide __________________________________________________________________________________ Holocaust _________________________________________________________________________________ Cold War __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ German Reunification ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Scandinavian Peninsula ______________________________________________________________________ Aztecs and Incas ____________________________________________________________________________ NEED TO KNOW: STUDY EUROPE POLITICAL AND PHYSICAL MAPS Canada was successful at fur trading because the furs could be sold in Europe for a lot of money, people of the First Nations traded with Europeans, and many animals in Canada were rare in Europe Lasting effect of English settlement in Canada – many Canadians follow Protestant religion and speak English The American Revolution inspired the Canadian Revolution French Canadians were upset that Canadians were fighting in WWI because Canada fought for Britain in the war. Quebec wants to secede from Canada because they want to preserve the French language and culture of Quebec The United Kingdom used Australia as a prison colony. Due to colonization of Europe, the Aborigines (native Australians) population was reduced due to outbreak of diseases. Scramble for Africa: European countries wanted to use the African colonies for natural resources, new markets for goods, and for strategic advantages in case of war or other conflicts HISTORY UNIT STUDY GUIDE – ANSWER KEY PEOPLE TO KNOW: Hernan Cortes - conquered Aztec empire African Slaves - cheap labor source brought to the Americas by Europeans during the 16 th century Pizzaro - conquered Inca empire Atahualpa - Inca Emperor Simon Bolivar – helped Colombia, Venezuela and other South American countries win their independence from Spain Toussaint L’Ouverture – led Haitian (Haiti) slaves in a revolt against French rule Miguel Hidalgo – father of Mexican (Mexico) independence Conquistadors – Spanish explorer warriors Montezuma – ruler of the Aztec in Mexico Fidel Castro - took over as dictator of Cuba in 1959 Prince Henry – Portuguese naval commander who founded a school of navigator Archduke Ferdinand – his assassination started WWI James Cook – found Australia Hitler – promised to rebuild Germany’s military and get back Germany’s lost land TERMS TO KNOW: Columbian Exchange – exchange of animals, plants, people, and diseases between Old World (Europe) and its colonies in the New World (the Americas) Cuban Missile Crisis – Castor allowed the Soviet Union to build a nuclear missile launch complex in Cuba Zapatista Guerrilla Movement – protects the land rights of indigenous (native) Americans in Mexico Imperialism - policy of obtaining and occupying colonies to form an empire Treaty of Versailles – forced Germany to accept blame for WWI Russian Revolution – food scarcity, overthrown government and political unrest 3 G’s - God, Gold, and Glory Economy - money Depression - a time when many farms were lost and many banks closed Militarism - military forces are a high priority for a country Nationalism – pride in one’s nation or country Genocide - mass killing of a race of people Holocaust - killing of Jews in Nazi occupied land Cold War - state of tension between US and Soviet Union over stockpiles of weapons German Reunification - end of Cold War and Berlin wall was torn down Scandinavian Peninsula – peninsula made up of Norway and Sweden Aztecs and Incas - 2 native empires conquered by Spanish warriors NEED TO KNOW: STUDY EUROPE POLITICAL AND PHYSICAL MAPS Canada was successful at fur trading because the furs could be sold in Europe for a lot of money, people of the First Nations traded with Europeans, and many animals in Canada were rare in Europe Lasting effect of English settlement in Canada – many Canadians follow Protestant religion and speak English The American Revolution inspired the Canadian Revolution French Canadians were upset that Canadians were fighting in WWI because Canada fought for Britain in the war. Quebec wants to secede from Canada because they want to preserve the French language and culture of Quebec The United Kingdom used Australia as a prison colony. Due to colonization of Europe, the Aborigines (native Australians) population was reduced due to outbreak of diseases. Scramble for Africa: European countries wanted to use the African colonies for natural resources, new markets for goods, and for strategic advantages in case of war or other conflicts