Download Guided Reading Activity World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914

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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
Guided Reading Activity
World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914–1920
Lesson 1: The United States Enters World War I
Review Questions: Using Headings and Subheadings
DIRECTIONS: Locate each heading below in your textbook. Then use the information under the correct
heading and subheading to help you write each answer.
I. World War I Begins
1. What nations formed the Triple Alliance?
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2. What European nations formed the Triple Entente?
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3. What is militarism?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
4. What caused a rise in tensions between European nations?
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5. What triggered the war in Europe?
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6. Who were the Allies and who were the Central Powers?
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II. The United States Declares War
7. Why did many Americans support the British?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
8. Which side did American businesses support?
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9. When and why did the Germans announce they would sink any ship found near Britain’s coast?
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10. Why did a German U-boat sink the passenger ship Lusitania?
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11. Why did Germany promise to stop sinking merchant ships without warning?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
12. What events caused the United States to declare war?
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Summary and Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.
13. What factors contributed to World War I?
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Guided Reading Activity
World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914–1920
Lesson 2 The Home Front
Review Questions: Outlining
DIRECTIONS: Read the lesson and complete the outline below. Refer to your textbook to fill in the
blanks. When a question has more than one blank, separate each answer with a comma and a space.
(Example: guided, activity)
I. Organizing the Economy
14. The most important new agency created by Congress was the ___________ for the purpose of
___________________________________________________.
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
15. The Food Administration increased the country’s ____________________ and the Fuel
Administration managed ________________________.
16. Two ways the country paid for the war were by raising _________________ and selling
___________.
17. With many white men in the military, industries turned to other segments of the population for
workers, such as __________, _________________, and ___________________.
18. Two laws that limited citizens’ liberties were the _______________________ and the
___________________.
II. Building the Military
19. A system called _________________ was created by Congress to register men for the draft.
20. Not all U.S. soldiers were drafted; approximately 2 million were ___________.
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
21. Many African American soldiers fought with distinction in _______________ units.
22. For the first time, __________ served in the armed forces, although only in noncombat roles.
23. Many _______________ also served in the war—volunteering for service more than any other
minority group in the United States.
Summary and Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.
24. What was life like on the home front for women and minorities?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
Guided Reading Activity
World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914–1920
Lesson 3: A Bloody Conflict
Review Questions: Identifying Supporting Details
DIRECTIONS: Read each main idea. Use your textbook to supply the details that support or explain
each main idea. When a question has more than one blank, separate each answer with a comma and a
space.
(Example: guided, activity)
A. Main Idea: Powerful weapons devastated the European landscape and caused millions to
lose their lives.
25. Detail: In 1914 warfare had changed with the use of powerful _________ guns.
26. Detail: To protect themselves from artillery fire, the troops ______________.
27. Detail: To break through enemy lines, the Germans used _______________ and the British used
_____________.
28. Detail: World War I marked the first time ____________ and __________ were used in combat.
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
B. Main Idea: When the Americans entered into World War I, many Germans believed the war
was lost.
29. Detail: The use of _________ at sea greatly reduced shipping losses and saved lives.
30. Detail: When Lenin took power in Russia, his first act was to ___________________. This allowed
Germany to _____________________________.
31. Detail: A massive U.S. attack led by ____________ near the Argonne Forest pushed the Germans
back.
32. Detail: World War I ended when the German government signed an ___________ on November
11, 1918.
C. Main Idea: The peace treaty that officially ended World War I was called the Treaty of
Versailles.
33. Detail: The peace plan after World War I presented by Wilson was called ______________. It
called for the creation of a ____________________ and _________________ instead of secret
agreements.
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
34. Detail: The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany, demanding that it pay ___________ of $33
billion. It also reduced Germany’s _____________ and _____________ it for the war.
35. Detail: The Senate _____________ to ratify the Treaty of Versailles and so the United States did
not join the ____________________________.
Summary and Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.
36. How did World War I change the world?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
Guided Reading Activity
World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914–1920
Lesson 4: The War’s Impact
Review Questions: Recording Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How
statements
DIRECTIONS: Read each main idea and answer the questions below. Refer to your textbook to write
the answers.
Main Idea: With the war over, the United States faced economic problems such as inflation and
unemployment.
37. What increased the cost of living after the war?
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38. Why did business leaders want to break the power of the unions?
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39. How was the Seattle General Strike different from other strikes of the time?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
40. Why was the Boston Police Strike important?
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41. How did the steel strike affect the steelworkers’ union?
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42. What circumstances contributed to the race riots of 1919?
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Main Idea: The number of strikes in 1919 caused Americans to fear a Communist revolution in
the United States.
43. What was the Red Scare?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
44. How did violence add to the climate of fear?
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45. What were the Palmer raids?
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46. Who was the Republican candidate who won the election of 1920?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
Summary and Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.
47. What conditions were present in the United States after World War I?
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
Answer Key
1. Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary
2. Russia, France, Britain
3. the strong buildup of armed forces to intimidate and threaten other nations
4. Nationalism became popular and fostered competition. Also, national groups within empires wanted
independence.
5. In 1914 the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated.
6. The Triple Entente became known as the Allies and the Triple Alliance became known as the Central
Powers.
7. They thought that an Allied victory was the only way to preserve an international balance of power.
8. Businesses supported the Allies because they had business in Britain.
9. Germany made the announcement in February of 1915 in response to a British blockade of German ports.
10. The Lusitania entered the war zone. When it sank, 1,200 people, including 128 Americans, died.
11. Germany did not want the United States to enter the war and strengthen the Allies.
12. The Zimmermann Telegram promised Mexico it would get back U.S. territory it lost in the Southwest.
Also, German U-boats began to sink American ships.
13. Answers will vary, but students should understand that alliances between European nations led to
increased competition, militarism, and the buildup of their armed forces. Also, there was a surge in
nationalism within the different nations and those that were part of an empire wanted independence.
Conditions were suitable for a trigger, the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.
14. War Industries Board, coordinating the production of war materials
15. food production, the use of coal and oil
16. taxes, bonds
17. women, African Americans, Mexican Americans
18. Espionage Act, Sedition Act
19. Selective Service
20. volunteers
21. segregated
22. women
23. Mexican Americans
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
24. Answers will vary, but students should indicate that on the home front, many families, white and
African American, grew their own victory gardens. In addition, there were heatless Mondays to
conserve energy. Daylight savings time and shortened workweeks for some laborers were introduced.
Women and African Americans took many jobs vacated by men in the service. Over 300,000 African
Americans moved to Northern cities, and over 100,000 Mexicans migrated to the Southwest and large
cities.
25. artillery
26. dug trenches
27. poison gas, armored tanks
28. zeppelins, airplanes
29. convoys
30. pull Russia out of the war, concentrate troops in the west
31. French marshal Ferdinand Foch
32. armistice
33. the Fourteen Points, League of Nations, Open Diplomacy
34. reparations, armed forces, blamed
35. refused, League of Nations
36. Students’ answers will vary but may include the following: World War I was the most devastating war
because of the use of new and deadlier weapons. The airplane was used in combat. After the war,
new nations were created. The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany’s economy. A League of
Nations was formed.
37. rapid inflation
38. Membership in unions had grown; they were better organized and more capable of striking.
39. It was very serious because it involved all the workers in the community, and it paralyzed the city.
40. About 75 percent of the Boston police force walked off the job, causing riots and looting. The governor
called the National Guard and upheld the firing of the striking policemen.
41. The strike failed and the union cause in the steel industry was set back for more than a decade.
42. Economics conditions were difficult, causing many Americans to be laid off. Returning soldiers had
difficulty finding jobs and affordable housing. Many blamed African Americans who moved north for
jobs during the war.
43. This was a nationwide panic that Communists could seize power in the United States.
44. Homemade bombs were sent to prominent Americans and riots occurred.
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World War I and its Aftermath: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The United States Enters World War I
45. The attorney general raided offices of immigrant unions and radical organizations because of the Red
Scare.
46. Warren G. Harding
47. Answers will vary but should include: By 1919 there were economic problems such as inflation, very
few jobs, and thousands of strikes due to labor unrest. Because many African Americans took over
jobs vacated by white servicemen, racial tensions were high. Also, Americans felt threatened by
communism.
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