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Physiographic Provinces of Virginia Coastal Plain Fall Line Piedmont Blue Ridge Valley and Ridge Appalachian Plateau Runs from the fall line to the Atlantic Ocean Contains sand, silt, clay and other sedimentary rocks from the erosion of the App. Mts. Formed by erosion and deposition Contains many fossils Youngest Province Has a flat, terraced “or stair stepped” landscape Rich in sand and gravel- used in road construction Contains the Chesapeake Bay and wetlands Also called the tidewater region Separates the Coastal Plain from the Piedmont Here, rivers from the upland region drop to the low lying plains in the form of rapids and waterfalls. It was formed as rivers eroded the softer rocks of the coastal plain more quickly than the harder rocks in the Piedmont. This created the step down or fall zone. We live here! Contains rolling hills underlain by ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are the roots of volcanoes formed during an ancient subduction between 2 plates even before the formation of the Appalachian Mountains. Located west of the fall line. Contains high quality slate and hardly any fossils. A high ridge or narrow line of mountains between the Piedmont and Valley and Ridge Provinces. Billion year old rocks are found here and are the oldest in the state! (Igneous and Metamorphic) Mount Rogers is the highest peak in Va. at an elevation of 5719 feet. The Appalachian Mountains were formed from a collision between the Africa and North American plates during the Paleozoic Era. Long parallel ridges and valleys underlain by ancient folded and faulted sedimentary rock. This folding occurred during the collision that formed the Appalachian mountains Contains limestone caves and sinkholes called “Karst Topography”. Remember carbonic acid in rain water breaks down limestone. Limestone is used to make concrete. Rugged irregular topography underlain by ancient flat lying sedimentary rocks. Contains a series of plateaus separated by faults. This areas contained ancient swamps and is responsible for Virginia’s coal, oil, and natural gas! Coal is found in the greatest abundance and contributes the most to Va’s economy! Physiographic Provinces of Virginia