Sequence stratigraphy and platform evolution of Lower
... Cross, 1993). In structurally complex regions or where exposures are limited, such as the Great Basin, laterally continuous, undeformed outcrops are rare, and stratal geometries cannot be traced over long distances. This paper discusses the sequence stratigraphy and evolution of a Lower–Middle Devon ...
... Cross, 1993). In structurally complex regions or where exposures are limited, such as the Great Basin, laterally continuous, undeformed outcrops are rare, and stratal geometries cannot be traced over long distances. This paper discusses the sequence stratigraphy and evolution of a Lower–Middle Devon ...
Fact or Fib - Ector County ISD.
... Sand dunes are interesting landforms to visit because the landscape is different every year since rivers cause the landscape to constantly change? ...
... Sand dunes are interesting landforms to visit because the landscape is different every year since rivers cause the landscape to constantly change? ...
Structure and Metamorphism
... shallowly south-dipping limbs are well developed in the rocks on Pilley's and Triton islands (Plate 20). These "monoclinal type" folds have been interpreted to be part of an antiformal stack related to north-directed thrusting and folding (Szybinski, 1988). Later crenulations, kinks and open folds o ...
... shallowly south-dipping limbs are well developed in the rocks on Pilley's and Triton islands (Plate 20). These "monoclinal type" folds have been interpreted to be part of an antiformal stack related to north-directed thrusting and folding (Szybinski, 1988). Later crenulations, kinks and open folds o ...
stop #8 summary traverse across typical cobalt area lithologies
... pers. comm., 1983). However, despite this segregation, a confusing mixture of these sedimenttypes remains at even smaller scales. Vertical contacts, laminite-draped depressions of short lateral extent, variable bedding attitude, recumbent folds and rapid changes in matrix composition and clast densi ...
... pers. comm., 1983). However, despite this segregation, a confusing mixture of these sedimenttypes remains at even smaller scales. Vertical contacts, laminite-draped depressions of short lateral extent, variable bedding attitude, recumbent folds and rapid changes in matrix composition and clast densi ...
4th period
... formation Are almost all marine, living in the sand or attached to rocks and algae, or even present in plankton Named for their porous shells made of calcium carbonate Very large animals, shells can grow up to 1 inch long ...
... formation Are almost all marine, living in the sand or attached to rocks and algae, or even present in plankton Named for their porous shells made of calcium carbonate Very large animals, shells can grow up to 1 inch long ...
The Vegetation of Antartica through Geological Time
... families Araucariaceae, Podocarpaceae, and Cupressaceae with intercorporated decidouos trees, like Ginkgo, which were most capable to cope with these conditions. This period is characterised by bi- and trisaccate pollen grains from Podocarpaceae family. The observations proving relatively late invas ...
... families Araucariaceae, Podocarpaceae, and Cupressaceae with intercorporated decidouos trees, like Ginkgo, which were most capable to cope with these conditions. This period is characterised by bi- and trisaccate pollen grains from Podocarpaceae family. The observations proving relatively late invas ...
Scotland rocks! - Dynamic Learning
... The reason the Scottish Landscape is so varied is because it is made up of lots of different types of rocks all of which have different forces acting upon them shaping the landscape. Presentation © Hodder Gibson 2012 ...
... The reason the Scottish Landscape is so varied is because it is made up of lots of different types of rocks all of which have different forces acting upon them shaping the landscape. Presentation © Hodder Gibson 2012 ...
Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 11 Earth Science, 12e
... • Inclusions – one rock contained within another (rock containing the inclusions is younger) • Unconformities • An unconformity is a break in the rock record • Types of unconformities • Angular unconformity – tilted rocks are overlain by flat-lying rocks • Disconformity – strata on either side are p ...
... • Inclusions – one rock contained within another (rock containing the inclusions is younger) • Unconformities • An unconformity is a break in the rock record • Types of unconformities • Angular unconformity – tilted rocks are overlain by flat-lying rocks • Disconformity – strata on either side are p ...
Chapter 11
... • Inclusions – one rock contained within another (rock containing the inclusions is younger) • Unconformities • An unconformity is a break in the rock record • Types of unconformities • Angular unconformity – tilted rocks are overlain by flat-lying rocks • Disconformity – strata on either side are p ...
... • Inclusions – one rock contained within another (rock containing the inclusions is younger) • Unconformities • An unconformity is a break in the rock record • Types of unconformities • Angular unconformity – tilted rocks are overlain by flat-lying rocks • Disconformity – strata on either side are p ...
Rocks as time machines: principles of geologic time
... along with the more common carbon-12, which circulates in the atmosphere and is absorbed by living things (all organisms, including us, contain a small amount of carbon-14) As long as the organism is alive, the proportions of carbon-12 and carbon-14 remain constant due to constant replacement of any ...
... along with the more common carbon-12, which circulates in the atmosphere and is absorbed by living things (all organisms, including us, contain a small amount of carbon-14) As long as the organism is alive, the proportions of carbon-12 and carbon-14 remain constant due to constant replacement of any ...
Sedimentary rocks
... horizontally over older ones. There are usually some gaps in the sequence called unconformities. These represent periods in which no new sediments were being laid down, or when earlier sedimentary layers were raised above sea level and eroded away. Sedimentary rocks contain important information abo ...
... horizontally over older ones. There are usually some gaps in the sequence called unconformities. These represent periods in which no new sediments were being laid down, or when earlier sedimentary layers were raised above sea level and eroded away. Sedimentary rocks contain important information abo ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth - Chapter 4
... Most originate from partial melting of ultramafic rock in the mantle at oceanic ridges Large outpourings of basaltic magma are common at Earth’s surface ...
... Most originate from partial melting of ultramafic rock in the mantle at oceanic ridges Large outpourings of basaltic magma are common at Earth’s surface ...
Slide 1
... Composed of dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) The Dolomite “Problem” Dolomite is believed to form when magnesium that has been concentrated in sea water replaces calcium carbonate in a previously deposited limestone. Today, dolomite only forms in a few areas of the world where intense evaporation of seawater co ...
... Composed of dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) The Dolomite “Problem” Dolomite is believed to form when magnesium that has been concentrated in sea water replaces calcium carbonate in a previously deposited limestone. Today, dolomite only forms in a few areas of the world where intense evaporation of seawater co ...
Material properties and microstructure from
... Ossa-Morena Zone (SW Iberia) includes: 1) an Neoproterozoic basement in the core - Série Negra Succession with greywackes, pelites and black cherts - unconformably overlain by 2) a lower Cambrian Dolomitic Formation, with arkosic sandstones and dolomitic limestones followed by 3) a Volcanic-Sediment ...
... Ossa-Morena Zone (SW Iberia) includes: 1) an Neoproterozoic basement in the core - Série Negra Succession with greywackes, pelites and black cherts - unconformably overlain by 2) a lower Cambrian Dolomitic Formation, with arkosic sandstones and dolomitic limestones followed by 3) a Volcanic-Sediment ...
Biology 4.27 Fossils
... – Modern species can be traced through fossil relatives to distant origins. – Fossil species are often similar to, but usually differ from, today's species. – Fossil types often differ between sedimentary rock layers. – Numerous extinct species are found as fossils. – Fossils can be dated to establi ...
... – Modern species can be traced through fossil relatives to distant origins. – Fossil species are often similar to, but usually differ from, today's species. – Fossil types often differ between sedimentary rock layers. – Numerous extinct species are found as fossils. – Fossils can be dated to establi ...
Slide 1
... Stephanian rocks in Bristol A palynological and megafloral biostratigraphy would therefore be a logical step ...
... Stephanian rocks in Bristol A palynological and megafloral biostratigraphy would therefore be a logical step ...
The age of fossils can be determined using radiocarbon dating (also
... continents. Family-tree relationships also help to narrow down the date when lineages first appeared. For instance, if fossils of B or C date to X million years ago and the calculated "family tree" says A was an ancestor of B and C, then A must have evolved earlier. It is also possible to estimate h ...
... continents. Family-tree relationships also help to narrow down the date when lineages first appeared. For instance, if fossils of B or C date to X million years ago and the calculated "family tree" says A was an ancestor of B and C, then A must have evolved earlier. It is also possible to estimate h ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
Geologic Time
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
... prehistoric life. They are important components of sediment and sedimentary rocks. The type of fossil that is formed is determined by the conditions under which an organism died and how it was buried. Unaltered Remains • Some remains of organisms—such as teeth, bones, and shells—may not have bee ...
folded mountains
... Thrust Faults – these faults are low angle (less than a 45 degree angle) reverse faults. All faults that move up and down (normal, reverse, and thrust faults) are referred to as dip-slip faults. Strike-Slip Faults – These faults move side to side. ...
... Thrust Faults – these faults are low angle (less than a 45 degree angle) reverse faults. All faults that move up and down (normal, reverse, and thrust faults) are referred to as dip-slip faults. Strike-Slip Faults – These faults move side to side. ...
Section 14.1 Summary – pages 369-379
... • Scientists always analyze many samples of a rock using as many methods as possible to obtain consistent values for the rock’s age. ...
... • Scientists always analyze many samples of a rock using as many methods as possible to obtain consistent values for the rock’s age. ...
Karoo Supergroup
The Karoo Supergroup is the most widespread stratigraphic unit in Africa south of the Sahara Desert. The supergroup consists of a sequence of units, mostly of nonmarine origin, deposited between the Late Carboniferous and Early Jurassic, a period of about 120 million years.In southern Africa, rocks of the Karoo Supergroup cover almost two thirds of the present land surface, including all of Lesotho, almost the whole of Free State, and large parts of the Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa. Karoo supergroup outcrops are also found in Namibia, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Malawi, as well as on other continents that were part of Gondwana. The basins in which it was deposited formed during the formation and breakup of Pangea. The type area of the Karoo Supergroup is the Great Karoo in South Africa, where the most extensive outcrops of the sequence are exposed. Its strata, mostly shales and sandstones, record an almost continuous sequence of marine glacial to terrestrial deposition from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Jurassic. These accumulated in a retroarc foreland basin called the ""main Karoo"" Basin. This basin was formed by the subduction and orogenesis along the southern border of what eventually became Southern Africa, in southern Gondwana. Its sediments attain a maximum cumulative thickness of 12 km, with the overlying basaltic lavas (the Drakensberg Group) at least 1.4 km thick.Fossils include plants (both macro-fossils and pollen), rare insects and fish, common and diverse tetrapods (mostly therapsid reptiles, temnospondyl amphibians, and in the upper strata dinosaurs), and ichnofossils. Their biostratigraphy has been used as the international standard for global correlation of Permian to Jurassic nonmarine strata.