Download Directed Reading: Integumentary System

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Directed Reading A
Section: The Integumentary System
______ 1. What is the largest organ in the body?
a. the heart
b. the lungs
c. the skin
d. the stomach
2. The integumentary system is made up of
,
, and
.
FUNCTIONS OF SKIN
3. Skin protects you by keeping
in your body and
out of your body.
4. You can feel things around you through the
in
your skin.
5. Small organs in the skin called
make sweat and
help to regulate body temperature.
6. Skin helps get rid of
through sweating.
7. Darker skin has more
than lighter skin.
8. How does the melanin in skin help prevent cancer?
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Body Organization and Structure
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Directed Reading A continued
LAYERS OF SKIN
______ 9. How does the dermis differ from the epidermis?
a. It is thinner.
c. It is made of keratin.
b. It is made of dead cells.
d. It is thicker.
Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space
provided.
a. blood vessels
______10. keep hair flexible and waterproofs
the dermis
b. nerve fibers
______11. make hair
c. hair follicles
d. muscle fibers
______12. can contract and cause hair to stand up
e. oil glands
______13. help regulate body temperature and
transport substances
f. sweat glands
______14. carry messages to and from the brain
______15. cool the body and remove waste
16. The outermost layer of the skin is the
.
17. The thicker layer of skin beneath the outermost layer of skin is
the
.
18. The epidermis is made of
tissue.
19. Most cells in the epidermis are filled with a protein
called
.
20. The fibers of the dermis are made of a protein
called
.
HAIR AND NAILS
______21. Hair and nails are made up of
a. skin.
b. all dead cells.
c. all living cells.
d. living and dead cells.
______22. Which of the following statements is true about a hair follicle?
a. It contains living cells.
c. It contains all dead cells.
b. It makes new skin.
d. It contains keratin.
23. Hair gets its color from
.
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Body Organization and Structure
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Directed Reading A continued
24. How does hair protect your body?
25. The living cells that cause a nail to grow are found in the
at the base of the nail.
SKIN INJURIES
26. What are some ways in which the skin can become damaged?
27. How does skin heal from a cut?
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Body Organization and Structure
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TEACHER RESOURCE
14. resistance exercises
15. weight
16. Answers will vary. Sample answer:
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
27. A blood clot forms over a cut to stop
bleeding and keep bacteria from
entering the wound. Bacteria-fighting
cells then come to the area to kill
bacteria. Damaged cells are replaced
through cell division. Eventually, all
that is left on the surface is a scar.
Jogging, cycling, skating, swimming,
and walking are examples of aerobic
exercise.
aerobic exercises
A
B
D
Anabolic steroids can damage the
heart, liver, and kidneys. They can
cause high blood pressure. They can
cause bones to stop growing if they
are taken before the skeleton is
mature.
Directed Reading B
SECTION: BODY ORGANIZATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
SECTION: THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
C
skin, hair, nails
water, foreign particles
nerve endings
sweat glands
wastes
melanin
Melanin absorbs ultraviolet light from
the sun.
D
E
C
D
A
B
F
epidermis
dermis
epithelial
keratin
collagen
D
A
melanin
Hair helps protect skin from ultraviolet
light. Hair keeps particles out of your
eyes and nose. Hair helps regulate
body temperature in most mammals.
nail root
Damage to the genetic material in the
skin cells can cause cancer. Acne can
develop if excess oil combines with
dead skin cells and bacteria to clog
hair follicles.
A
C
B
D
C
A
B
organ
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
epithelial tissue
organ system
B
A
D
B
C
C
A
B
D
B
D
A
C
SECTION: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
cartilage
movement
ribs
minerals
marrow
B
D
A
B
blood vessels
compact bone
spongy bone
C
B
C
A
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Holt Science and Technology
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Body Organization and Structure