Download Exam 3 Anatomy and Physiology NAME______________________

Exam 3 Anatomy and Physiology
11/19/2007 Use Scantron for Questions 1 – 40
NAME______________________
1) ______ Lateral epicondylitis is commonly known as: A) softball elbow. B) a dislocation.
C) tennis elbow. D) water on the knee. E) shin splints.
2)______ A ballerina standing on her toes is an example of: A) plantar flexion.
B) eversion. C) dorsiflexion. D) inversion. E) hyperextension.
3)______ The joint between the trapezium and the first metacarpal is: A) uniaxial. B) a
modified hinge joint. C) a saddle joint. D) a condyloid joint. E) gliding joint.
4) ______ The form of arthritis that is believed to be autoimmune in nature is: A) osteoarthritis.
B) rheumatoid arthritis. C) gouty arthritis. D) spondylitis. E) none of the above.
5) _____ The disease characterized by uric acid deposits in the soft tissues of joints is called:
A) osteoarthritis. B) rheumatoid arthritis. C) spondylitis. D) gouty arthritis or gout.
6) _____ A rim of fibrocartilage that deepens certain joints is called a:
A) meniscus. B) labrum. C) bursa. D) cruciate. E) capsule.
7) ______ The S.I.T.S. muscles are associated with the ____ joint. A) jaw. B) hip.
C) shoulder. D) elbow. E) ankle.
8) ______ The deltoid ligament is associated with the: A) jaw. B) hip. C) shoulder
D) elbow. E) ankle.
9)_______ The head of myosin is actually an enzyme called: A) acetylcholinesterase.
B) myosin esterase. C) myosin ATPase. D) troponin. E) strokinase
10) _______ Intermediate muscle fibers are best described as: A) slow fibers that are fatigue
resistant. B) fast fibers that are fatigue resistant. C) slow fibers that fatigue easily.
D) fast fibers that fatigue easily. E) fibers that can’t make up their mind.
11)_____ The primary fuel source for resting muscle is/are: A) fatty acids. B) amino acids.
C) glucose. D) creatine. E) Duff beer.
12) ______The detachment of a myosin cross-bridge from actin is directly triggered by:
calcium ions. B) synthesis of ATP. C) attachment of a new ATP to myosin head.
D) Ach esterase. E) tropomyosinase.
13)_______ The A bands of muscle myofibrils represent: A) actin filaments. B) myosin filaments.
C) intermediate filaments. D) A & B.
14) _______ A contraction in which a muscle is not allowed to shorten in length is called:
A) isometric. B) isotonic. C) tonic. D) tetany. E) none of the above.
15)_______ The rheumatic disease named after a town in Connecticut is: A) Hartford’s Disease.
B) Danbury Disease. C) Bridgeport Syndrome. D) Lyme Disease. E) Becker’s Dystrophy.
16) _______ The primary fuel source for exercising muscle is/are: A) fatty acids. B) amino acids.
C) glucose. D) lactic acid. E) ethanol (the more, the merrier!).
17) ______ The function of myoglobin is to: A) bind oxygen. B) bind calcium. C) cover the myosin
binding site of actin. D) serve as a backup ATP source. E) maintain blood flow to muscle.
18) _______ Intercalated discs are found in: A) striated muscle only. B) smooth muscle only.
C) at the ends of sarcomeres. D) cardiac muscle. E) A & C.
19)_____ An epiphyseal plate is an example of a/an: A) cartilaginous joint. B) suture.
C) fibrous joint. D) synovial joint. E) none of the above. It's not a joint!
20) _______ The pubic symphysis is an example of a/an: A) semi-moveable joint.
B) fibrous joint. C) cartilaginous joint. D) A & B. E) A & C.
21)______ Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is due to: A) an autoimmune attack on Ach receptors. B) an
autoimmune attack on motor neurons. C) a lack of dystrophin. D) hyperplasia of muscles.
E) over-production of dystrophin.
Continue Using Scantron!!!!!
Matching: Match the bone/structure combination with the type of joint.
22) ______ atlas-axis
A) ball and socket
23) _______ head of femur - acetabulum
B) pivot
24) _______ trochlea - ulna
C) gliding
25) _______ carpal - carpal
D) condyloid/ellipsoid
26) _______ metacarpal - phalanx (knuckles)
E) hinge
27) _______ head of radius – ulna
28) _______ distal tibia -- talus
Matching: Match the muscle subtype with its characteristic
29) _____anaerobic ATP production primarily
A) red fibers
30) _____ fast oxidative fibers
B) white fibers
31)_____ have fast myosin ATPase
C) intermediate fibers
32) _____ have slow myosin ATPase
D) red & intermediate
33) ____ highest resistance to fatigue (A,B,or C)
E) white & intermediate
Identify the parts of the sarcomere by matching the structure with its name or description.
34) _______ I Band
35) _______ Z-line or disc
36) ______ A Band
37) ______H-zone
38) _______stays the same during
contraction.
39) _______ M-line goes down the middle of this.
40) ________ Primarily made up of actin filaments
End of Scantron Portion!!!
Dr. Phil These In: (1-2 pts each)
The anterior cruciate prevents ____________________________________________________.
The anterior cruciate is named after _________________________________________________
and _____________________________________________________.
Moving the hand into a palm-up position is called __________________________________.
Kyphosis is an exaggerated ________________________________________ curvature
A myofibril is made of a series of identical subunits called ________________________.
A bundle of muscle cells is called a _______________________________________. The
bundle is surrounded by connective tissue called the __________________________________
Which two joints have a labrum? _________________________ & _________________________.
Based on structure, there are three types of joints: ____________________________,
_____________________________, and ___________________________________.
A tendon sheath is a modified __________________________________________. The
function of a tendon sheath is to ___________________________________________________
Three major functions of muscle are _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________.
The sella turcica is part of the ________________________ bone. Like the frontal and maxilla
this bone has a/an __________________________________________.
___________________________ muscle is striated and involuntary.
When an athlete trains for a sport that requires endurance, what specific physiological or anatomical
changes take place in his or her key muscles that help to increase endurance? (List 4 specific changes)
(4 pts)
Define the following terms: (2 pts each)
Motor unit
Abduction
Lactic acid
Sprain
Contrast the Knee and Jaw joints in terms of which bone structures articulate with one another,
the key associated structures, and the movements allowed at each joint. (15 pts)
Knee
Articulating
structures:
Associated
structures:
Movements
allowed:
Jaw
------Fill-in-Essay---- (12 pts)
A motor neuron releases the neurotransmitter called _______________________ into the
cleft of the neuromuscular junction. This neurotransmitter binds to____________________________
on the endplate membrane (sarcolemma) and generates an endplate potential, which then
generates a/an _____________________ potential. This impulse travels along the sarcolemma
and is transmitted into the cell through the _________________________________. This activates
the release of _____________________ ions from the ________________________ reticulum.
These ions bind to the protein__________________________, which now alters its configuration
and moves a protein called _____________________ away from the binding site on
____________________. Now that the binding site is exposed, the ___________________
_________________________________________ may bind to it and undergo a stroke.
Answer 3 of the following 4 questions.(4 pts each)
1) How does the patella modify movement at the knee joint? What is the advantage of having a
patella?
2) What is polydactyly? Why is it more common in the Amish or populations on small islands?
3) What two pairs of bones contribute to the hard palate? What is the function of the hard
palate?
4) What is creatine phosphate? When is it produced and when is it used?