Download PLANTS - SharpSchool

4/14/2014
What will we learn?
PLANTS
1. How do the root and shoot systems interact to perform the functions of transport in plants?
2. How do the root and shoot systems interact to perform the functions of reproduction in plants?
3. How do the root and shoot systems interact to perform the functions of response in plants?
Organ Systems
Shoot system – above ground organs (leaves, stems, flowers)
Root system – below ground organs (roots)
3 Tissue Systems
Dermal – barrier
Ground – metabolic functions
Vascular – transport
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Dermal, Ground, Vascular
Each plant organ contains all THREE types of tissue.
Dermal Tissue
Definition: the outer covering of the plant that serves as a protective barrier. Ground Tissue
Vascular Tissue
Definition: the tissue that is responsible for carrying out most of the plant’s metabolic functions, such as photosynthesis.
Definition: the tissue that transports needed substances throughout the plant, such as food and water.
POP QUIZ
Which of the following refers to the Shoot System?
A
B
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Plant System Interactions
Definition: the occurrence when the root and shoot systems act upon or influence each other in order to survive and perform the functions of transport, reproduction, and response.
POP QUIZ
Identify the Dermal, Vascular, and Ground Tissues.
B
A
C
Transport
What to know about transport
about transport??
Plants use specialized cells to transport water, minerals, nutrients and hormones through the roots, stems, and leaves.
1. Describe the role of roots, stems, and leaves
2. Describe the function of xylem
3. Describe the function of phloem
4. Describe the function of stomata & guard cells
5. Describe the function of root hairs & transpiration
Roots
Definition: function for absorption of water and minerals, anchorage, food storage (some more than others), reproduction (some).
V: Parts of a Plant
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Stems
Definition: function to translocate water and minerals to the leaves; transport food (sap) downward from the leaves to the roots.
Leaves
Definition: function as the major photosynthetic (food making & gas exchange) organ of a plant. Xylem
Definition: layers of dead cells that make up bundles of tissue that transport water and minerals from the roots, through the stems, and to the leaves of a plant (XYLEM  UP).
Phloem
Stomata (Stoma)
Definition: a tissue composed of living cells that make up bundles of tubes that transport food to all parts of the plant (PHLOEM 
DOWN).
Definition: pores found in the leaf and stem used for gas exchange. Guard cells surround the stomata to regulate opening and closing.
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Guard Cells
Root Hairs
Definition: one of the paired epidermal cells that control the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue.
Definition: a hair like outgrowth of a plant root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
Transpiration
Definition: the loss of water from a leaf through the stomata; this evaporation of water helps water travel up the plant as if being sucked up a straw.
V: The Parts of a Plant
V: Water Transport
POP QUIZ
POP QUIZ
Identify the Stoma/Stomata and Guard Cells.
D
B
A
C
Layers of dead cells that make up bundles of tissue that transport water and minerals from the roots, through the stems, and to the leaves of a plant is called?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Phloem
Xylem
Roots Stomata
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Reproduction
Reproduction in plants is responsible for the continuation of plant species by sexual or asexual means.
Asexual Reproduction
(Vegetative Propagation)
Plants can reproduce by asexual (vegetative) means. Asexual plants are able to reproduce through structures such as rhizomes, plantlets, or runners. The new plants are
plantlets, or runners. The new plants are genetically identical to the parent plant unlike sexual reproduction.
Asexual Reproduction
Runner – a stem that grows horizontally above the soil and sends out roots and shoots of new plants (nodes & buds).
What to know about reproduction??
reproduction
1.Differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction in plants
2.Describe pollination & fertilization
3.Describe germination
Asexual Reproduction
Rhizome – a stem that grows horizontally below the soil and sends out roots and shoots of new plants (nodes & buds).
Asexual Reproduction
Plantlet – a small plant growing from a leaf or stem of the mother plant.
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Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Plants can reproduce sexually using structures found in the plant flower. The male reproductive structure produces sperm cells (pollen). The female reproductive structures include the ovule that produces t t
i l d th
l th t
d
the egg cells (ova).
Pollination ‐ the transfer of pollen from the anthers of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower.
Sexual Reproduction
Fertilization ‐ the fusion of nuclei from the pollen grain with nuclei in the ovule. Fertilization allows the flower to develop seeds. Sexual Reproduction
Germination ‐ the process in which a flowering or coniferous plant emerges from a seed and begins growth.
V: Flower Reproduction
V: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
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POP QUIZ
Parts of a Flower
A stem that grows horizontally below the soil and sends out roots and shoots of new plants (nodes & buds) is called?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Plantlet
Runner
Rhizome Apical Meristem
Parts of a Flower
POP QUIZ
Responses
Identify the Stamen, Stigma, Ovule and Sepal.
A
D
Responses of plants to external stimuli allow plants to receive information from their surroundings and translate it into some type of action. B
C
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POP QUIZ
What to know about responses??
responses
Describe the following: 1 Hormones
1.
H
2. Phototropism
3. Gravitropism
4. Hydrotropism
5. Thigmotropism
The process in which a flowering or coniferous plant emerges from a seed and begins growth is called?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Stimulus
Definition: a signal from the environment.
Hormones
Definition: chemicals that regulate plant growth.
Tropism
Definition: the process through which plants receive information from their environment and translate it into a response.
Hybridization
Fertilization
Pollination Germination
Tropisms
1.
2.
3.
4.
Phototropism – response to light
Gravitropism – response to gravity
Hydrotropism – response to water
Thigmotropism – response to touch
(vines)
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Tropisms
Phototropism – response to light
V: Tropism Experiment
V: Tropisms and Hormones
Tropisms
Gravitropism – response to gravity
Tropisms
Hydrotropism – response to water
Tropisms
Thigmotropism – response to touch (vines)
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Positive Tropism
Definition: to move toward a stimulus.
V: Mimosa Pudica
V: Mimosa Pudica Finger
V: Mimosa Pudica
V: Mimosa Pudica Hand
V: Venus Flytraps Jaws of Death
Negative Tropism
Definition: to move away from a stimulus.
V: Tropism Info
Auxins
Definition: plant hormones responsible for a plant’s response to light and gravity.
V: What is Photosynthesis
V: Mimosa Pudica
V: Mimosa Pudica ‐ The Sensitive Plant
V: The Pollination Song
V: Plant Transport Xylem and Phloem, Transpiration
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