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Into Europe Activity Outlines Mathematics Land areas These are the total land areas of the countries of the European Union: Austria 82 725 km2 Belgium 30 513 km2 Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland 48 080 km2 304 610 km2 544 000 km2 356 910 km2 132 000 km2 69 000 km2 Italy Luxembourg Netherlands 301 000 km2 2586 km2 41 160 km2 Portugal Spain Sweden UK 92 100 km2 504 800 km2 411 630 km2 244 046 km2 • Devise and draw any sort of graph which will show the differences in land area, from the smallest to the largest in the 15 countries. • Enter these figures under the correct countries on an outline map of the world. • Which is the smallest country? • Which is the largest country? • What is the difference in size between the largest and smallest countries? • What is the total land area of the European Union? Population These are the approximate population totals of the countries of the European Union: Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland 8.1 million 10 million 5.1 million 5.1 million 56.6 million 79 million 10.1 million 3.5 million Italy 57.8 million Luxembourg Netherlands 375 000 15 million Portugal Spain Sweden UK 10.3 million 39 million 8.9 million 57 million • Devise and draw a graph to show the differences in population, from the smallest to the largest. • Which country has the smallest population? • Which country has the largest population? • What is the combined population of the countries of the European Union? • Study the land area graph and the population graph. Do the largest countries always have the largest populations? If not, why not? • Study some maps to see if you can discover reasons for some large countries having smaller populations than countries with less land area. Pearson Publishing, Chesterton Mill, French’s Road, Cambridge CB4 3NP Tel 01223 350555 Fax 01223 356484 9 Into Europe Activity Outlines Music The European Hymn The music chosen as the European Union hymn is the Ode to Joy. This is a poem about the brotherhood of man and international friendship. It was set to music by the great German composer Ludwig van Beethoven as part of his Symphony number 9 in D Minor. It was first performed in Vienna in 1824. By this time Beethoven was so deaf that he could not hear his own music being played by an orchestra. • Listen to a recording of Beethoven’s Ode to Joy. Write down or say what you think about the music. • Can you find any pop songs about friendship and helping people which could be used by the European Union? Sing these songs as a class. • A nursery rhyme about animals helping one another is Three Blind Mice. Find the words and music for this rhyme. Try to sing it together as a class. Do you think that you could make up a rhyme and tune of your own about animals helping one another? If you cannot do that, try to compose another tune for Three Blind Mice Sheep May Safely Graze In 1717 another great German composer, Johann Sebastian Bach, was working as a court organist for Duke Wilhelm of Weimar in Germany. He composed a cantata, a piece of music to be played at birthdays and weddings, called Sheep May Safely Graze. Another prince asked Bach to become his court musician. Duke Wilhelm was so offended that he threw Bach into prison for a month before allowing him to leave. • Listen to a recording of Sheep May Safely Graze. Write down or say what you think of it. • Find some pop songs about animals and sing them as a class. • Find the words and music for the nursery rhyme Baa Baa, Black Sheep. Sing the rhyme as a class. Work in small groups and try to compose other tunes for the nursery rhyme. Sing them or play them. Handel’s Water Music A third German composer was George Frederic Handel, the Director of Music for the Elector of Hanover. In 1712 Handel came to England for a holiday. He liked it so much he refused to go back and work for the Elector of Hanover. Then, to Handel’s horror, the Elector became King George I of Great Britain. The King forgave Handel and asked Handel to compose special music for a pageant being held on the River Thames when the King and his courtiers travelled up the river in a fleet of barges. They were accompanied by 50 musicians playing Handel’s Water Music on trumpets, horns, flutes and violins. • Listen to a recording of the sixth and final movement of Handel’s Water Music. Write down or talk about what you think of it. • Draw a picture of the King, his courtiers and the musicians all going up the Thames in barges together. • Can you find and sing any modern pop songs about water or journeys? • Find the words and music of the nursery rhyme about three men in boat, Rub-a-dub-dub. Sing the rhyme as a class. Work in groups to compose and sing or play another tune to go with the words. Pearson Publishing, Chesterton Mill, French’s Road, Cambridge CB4 3NP Tel 01223 350555 Fax 01223 356484 22 Into Europe Background Information 3 Italy Luxembourg The Italian economy is dominated by the three cities of Genoa, Milan The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was established as an independent and Turin in the north-west corner of the country. This area is closest state in 1815. Because it is by far the smallest of the EU member to the West European growth region and has benefited enormously states, its economy is dependent on EU membership. from Italy’s membership of the European Union. Luxembourg has a large steel industry for a small country. It is based While Rome (2.8 million) is the cultural and administrative centre of upon the northern extension of the Lorraine ore-field. There are three the country, Milan (1.8 million) is the leading industrial city. Cheese steelworks near the southern border with France, but large imports of making, with the famous Gorgonzola, Parmesan and Stracchino coal are needed to sustain the industry. cheeses, is found in Milan. But the city’s main industries are engineering, textiles and chemicals. Luxembourg has the thinly-populated Ardennes in the north, but Luxembourg city and the steel-making district in the south have a Turin (1.2 million) is the second industrial centre of Italy. It is an moderately high density (about 250 people per km2). Over a quarter excellent example of a company city, with Fiat of Turin employing of Luxembourg’s population are foreigners. 186 000 workers, and thousands more are directly dependent upon it. The landscape of Luxembourg offers variety and contrasts out of all North-west Italy is one of the EU’s major warm-climate food- proportion to the country’s size. The northern third of the country, producing regions. The area around Vercelli and Novara is known as known as the Oesling, comprises a corner of the Ardennes the ‘Rice Bowl’, with over half a million hectares of land under rice. Mountains, which lie mainly in southern Belgium. It is a rugged, Until quite recently the Italian economy suffered from poor road links with the rest of Europe. This problem has largely been overcome however by the development of new road tunnels, such as the Mont Blanc, and by the growing network of Autostrada. The Italian Riviera is a major tourist region, with famous resorts like Portofino, Rapallo and Santa Margherita. The contrasts between northern and southern Italy are dramatic. Italians refer to the area south of Rome as ‘Il Mezzagiorno’, the land of the noon-day sun. It is a hot, barren region dominated by the Apennine mountains. Many of the population live in very poor conditions, struggling to earn a living from the land. Since 1900 over 8 million Italians have emigrated from the south, often to the northern cities, but many to the USA and Australia. wildly-beautiful highland region studded with castles from 400 to more than 1000 years old. The rivers Sûre and Our have cut deep valleys across the landscape and many of the hillsides are covered with dense forest. The southern two-thirds of Luxembourg is known as the Bon Pays, or Gutland (‘Good Land’). It is more densely populated than the Oesling and contains the capital city, Luxembourg, as well as smaller industrial cities such as Esch-sur-Alzette. Luxembourg City rises in tiers with the upper (and older) sections of the city separated from the lower-lying suburbs by the gorges of the Alzette and Petrusses rivers. A new quarter housing many EU buildings nestles in a picturesque site carved into the river valley’s sandstone cliffs. Luxembourg has become an international financial centre and a With help from various EU funds, there are now some areas of growth home to more than 160 banks. The main offices of the European in the south, including the port of Naples and the Taranto iron and Investment Bank are there. Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy steel works. Agricultural productivity has also improved and tourism and the head of state is the Grand Duke Jean. is becoming a major employer in the region. Size 2800 km2 Italy is divided into 20 independent regions, all of which have their Population 400 000 own governments. Density 143 inhabitants per sq km Major industries Iron and steel, agriculture Size 301 300 km2 Population 57.5 million Density 190 inhabitants per sq km Languages French, German, Luxembourger Major industries Industrial manufacture, tourism, Currency Luxembourg franc agriculture Capital Luxembourg Main trading partners France, Germany, UK Luxembourg has no major airline Language Italian Currency Lira Capital Rome Major airline Alitalia Main trading partners Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium Pearson Publishing, Chesterton Mill, French’s Road, Cambridge, CB4 3NP Tel 01223 350555 Fax 01223 356484 38 Into Europe 1 When you have read the story from Italy about Pinocchio, the puppet who became a boy, make your own Pinocchio puppet. Collect two large cotton reels for the body, and a smaller cotton reel for the head. Make the arms and legs from tubes rolled from cardboard. You will need two tubes for each arm, and two for each leg. Hands and feet may be cut from flat cardboard. Assemble the puppet by threading string through the cotton reels and the cardboard tubes. 2 Paint your puppet or clothe it to look like Pinocchio. 3 See if you can attach more strings to the arm and leg joints to make your puppet move. A Pinocchio puppet Pearson Publishing, Chesterton Mill, French’s Road, Cambridge CB4 3NP Tel 01223 350555 Fax 01223 356484 Worksheet 5