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Chemical Cycling Chemical Cycling Biogeochemical cycles: the various nutrient circuits, which involve both abiotic and biotic components of an ecosystem • • • • Water Carbon Nitrogen (Phosphorous) . Nitrogen Cycle • Nitrogen enters the atmosphere, in gaseous form N2. It has to be transformed into a usable form for organisms to use. • Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert N2 into NH4 in a process called nitrogen fixation. • NH4 is also produced by decomposers when breaking down organic matter in a process called ammonification. • Different bacteria take NH4 and covert it into nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) in a process called nitrification. (This allows producers to use the nitrogen now, assimilation) • Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate (NO3-) back to N2 for release back into the atmosphere.