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Qatar University College of Arts and Sciences Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences Syllabus: General Chemistry, CHEM 101 Section Lxx 2009-2010 Spring Semester (3 Credit hours) Textbook : Chemistry, Raymond Chang, McGraw Hill, 9th ed., 2007 Grading : 1st Exam : 2nd Exam: Project/Term Paper Quizzes Final Exam: 25 % 25 % 5% 10 % 35 % 100% Lecture Times and room: Tutorials: 1 hr/wk according to posted schedule Exam Dates: 1st Exam : 2nd Exam: Project report: Final : Saturday March 27 Saturday May 8 due May 20 Sunday June 6 Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 (in part) Chapters 4 (in part) 5, 6, 7 Chapters 1-10 Professor: Office and Office Hours: Contact: Mahmoud Khader Tel. 2204 E-mail: [email protected] Course Description This course will provide students with a comprehensive overview of the major areas of chemistry. Chemical principles for each topic under discussion are presented together with their foundation in atomic and molecular structure. Topics covered range from atomic and molecular theory to the descriptions of chemical reactivity and reactions, quantitative methods in chemistry, reactions in aqueous media, thermochemistry and chemical energetics, and chemical bonding. Applications of chemistry, “the central science” are discussed throughout the lectures. Lecture sessions are complemented by weekly tutorials, giving students the opportunity to practice their knowledge, and to gain extensive experience in problem solving. Upon completion of the course the student will have gained a strong foundation for the further study of chemistry, and for the application of chemical principles in a variety of other fields. 1 Course objectives In this course, students will: 1) develop an understanding of the basic principles of the major branches of chemistry. 2) obtain a thorough foundation in the various fields of chemistry. 3) learn to solve chemical problems using basic mathematics. 4) develop an understanding of chemical models and theories 5) obtain an understanding of the role of chemistry in other disciplines, and its importance in society. 6) acquire positive attitudes towards further studies in chemistry and towards the application of chemistry in other disciplines. Learning outcomes Following completion of the course, students will be able to: 1) define the structure of the atom in terms of the nucleus with protons and neutrons, and electrons. 2) write and balance chemical equations, name inorganic compounds and ions and describe the properties of the main group elements. 3) carry out chemical calculations, including mass relations in chemical reactions, limiting reagent and reaction yield calculations, and calculations involving reactions taking place in solution.. 4) understand the concept of oxidation-reduction, calculate oxidation numbers, and balance redox reactions. 5) apply the ideal gas law in solving problems involving the gas phase. 6) solve problems in chemical thermodynamics and calorimetry. 7) predict the electronic structure of atoms and ions from quantum theory, and relate the position of an element in the periodic table to its electronic structure and to the physical and chemical properties of the elements. 8) describe the principles of chemical bonding and write Lewis structures 9) predict the geometry of the electron pairs and the shape of molecules using VSEPR theory, predict bond polarity and molecular dipoles 10) describe the valence bond theory, predict the hybridization of atoms in molecules, and describe bonding in molecules with single, double and triple bonds in terms of σ and π bonds, and delocalized molecular orbitals 2 Course content Chapter 1 Chemistry 1. 7 Measurements 1. 8 Handling Numbers 1. 9 Dimensional Analysis in Solving Problems 2 lectures Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 2. 3 Atomic Number, Mass Number, and Isotopes 2. 4 The Periodic Table 2. 5 Molecules and Ions 2. 6 Chemical Formulas 2. 7 Naming Compounds 3 lectures Chapter 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions 3. 1 Atomic Mass 3. 2 Avogadro’s Number and Molar Mass of an Element 3. 3 Molecular Mass 3. 4 The Mass Spectrometer 3. 5 Percent Composition of Compounds 3. 6 Experimental Determination of Empirical Formulas 3. 7 Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations 3. 8 Amounts of Reactants and Products 3. 9 Limiting Reagent Calculations 3. 10 Reaction Yield 5 lectures Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous media 4. 1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions 4. 2 Precipitation Reactions 4. 3 Acid-Base Reactions 4. 4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions, Oxidation Numbers 4. 5 Concentration of Solutions, Solution Stoichiometry 4. 7 Acid-Base Titrations 5 lectures Chapter 5 Gases 5.1 Gases 5.2 Pressure 5.4 The Ideal Gas Equation 5.5 Stoichiometry of Gas Phase Reactions 5.6 Partial Pressures 3 lectures Chapter 6 Thermochemistry 6. 1 The Nature of Energy and Types of Energy 6. 2 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions 6. 3 Introduction to Thermodynamics 6. 4 Enthalpy of Chemical Reactions 6. 5 Calorimetry 6. 6 Standard Enthalpy of Formation and Reaction 4 lectures 3 Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms 5 lectures From Classical Physics to Quantum Theory Bohr’s Theory of the Hydrogen Atom Quantum Numbers Atomic Orbitals Electron Configurations The Building-Up (Aufbau) Principle Chapter 7 7. 1 7. 3 7. 6 7. 7 7. 8 7. 9 Chapter 8 Periodic Relationships Among the Elements 8. 1 Development of the Periodic Table 8. 2 Periodic Classification of the Elements 8. 3 Periodic Variation in Physical Properties 8. 4 Ionization Energy 8. 5 Electron Affinity 3 lectures Chapter 9 Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts 9. 1 Lewis Dot Symbols 9. 2 The Ionic Bond 9. 4 The Covalent Bond 9. 5 Electronegativity 9. 6 Writing Lewis Structures 9. 7 Formal Charge and Lewis Structures 9. 8 The Concept of Resonance 9. 9 Exceptions to the Octet Rule 9. 10 Bond Energy 5 lectures Chapter 10 Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals 4 lectures 10. 1 Molecular Geometry 10. 2 Dipole Moment 10. 3 Valence Bond Theory 10. 4 Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals 10. 5 Hybridization in Molecules Containing Double and Triple Bonds 10. 8 Delocalized Molecular Orbitals 4