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NTDs Buruli Ulcer Lymphatic filariasis Chagas Disease Onchocerciasis Dengue Fever Schistosomiasis Guinea-worm Disease Soil transmitted Fascioliasis helminthiasis Snakebite Trachoma Yaws Human African Trypanosomiasis Leishmaniasis Leprosy Why are they Neglected? Neglected tropical diseases blight the lives of 1 billion people worldwide and threaten the health of millions more. They are named neglected because these diseases persist exclusively in the poorest and the most marginalized communities, and have been largely eliminated elsewhere and thus are often forgotten. Those affected are poor and have little political voice. The diseases don't tend to spread to distant countries and only rarely affect travelers NTDs For some NTDs, there are simple tests which cost as little as four cents. For some, the currently available diagnostic tools require skilled health workers and hospitalization. People in remote areas often become ill or die before the disease can be diagnosed. Medicines for some NTDs are safe, inexpensive or even distributed free. They can be administered by nonmedically trained staff like teachers However, for some, there are expensive medicines that must be administered by a medical professional or no medications at all. Eradication and Elimination Control-The reduction of disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity or mortality to a locally acceptable level as a result of deliberate efforts; continued intervention measures are required to maintain the reduction. Example-diarrhoeal diseases Elimination-Reduction to zero of the incidence of a disease in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate efforts; continued intervention measures are required. Examplesneonatal tetanus, measles, polio Eradication-Permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific agent as a result of deliberate efforts; intervention measure are not longer needed. Smallpox is the only disease that infects humans ever to have been eradicated. Infectious agent exists in a laboratory. Extinction-The specific infectious agent no longer exists in nature or in the laboratory. Example-none Indicators of Eradicability An effective intervention is available to interrupt transmission No animal reservoir Straightforward to diagnosis The success of a disease eradication initiative is largely dependent on the level of societal and political commitment to it from the beginning to the end