Download Bohr Rutherford Diagrams

Bohr Rutherford
Diagrams
Learning Goals
• Understand where electrons are located in various energy
levels
• Understand how to properly draw a Bohr Rutherford Diagram
• Understand what isotopes are and how this affects their
atomic mass/atomic number
Anatomy of an Atom
The nucleus is the central region of the atom where the protons
and neutrons are found
Electrons are on the outside of the nucleus and a very large
distance away in “shells” (also called energy levels)
The arrangement of the electrons
in these shells sometimes called
the electron configuration
Electron Arrangement
The arrangement of these electron shells follows a specific
pattern: 2,8,8,2
Note: You will only be asked to draw diagrams for elements
up to atomic number 20
Valence electrons are electrons located on the outer shell
that are important for chemical bonding.
Periods
The arrangement of energy levels is based on the period on
where the element is found on the periodic table
Elements in the 1st period have one energy level
Elements in the 2nd period have two energy levels and so on
Isotopes
• One or more forms of elements that have the same number of
protons but a different number of neutrons
Atomic Number- Does this change?
Atomic Mass- Does this change?
Practice
An atom has 14 protons and 20 neutrons
• What is it’s atomic number?
• What is it’s approximate atomic mass?
• What is the element?
• What is an isotope of the element?
Drawing Bohr- Rutherford
Diagrams
Step 1: Draw a nucleus with the number of protons and
neutrons on the inside
Step 2: Carbon is in the 2nd period so it has two energy levels
(shells)
Step 3: Draw the shell around the nucleus
Drawing Bohr- Rutherford
Diagrams
Step 4: Add the electrons. Carbon has 6 electrons. The first shell
can only hold 2 electrons.
Step 5: Draw the remaining 4 electrons on the second shell. Add
them one at a time starting on the right and going counter
clockwise
Lewis Dot Diagrams
Step 1: Write element name
Step 2: Draw the number of valence electrons around the
element; starting on the right and going counter-clockwise
Note: You will not be assessed on drawing Lewis Dot Diagrams
in Grade 9, however you will be taught this in Grade 10
Homework
• Fill out the example periodic table sheet with your Bohr
Rutherford Diagrams
Bonus: Do their Lewis Dot Diagrams
• Watch video:
How to Draw Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams - Potassium
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wy83UlGQpWw
(this is a great explanation of how to draw the diagrams)