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Chapter 10 Review Sheet The Coming of the Civil War Chapter 10, Section 1 – Two Nations BIG IDEA: In the 1850s, growing numbers of American believed that the North and South were moving in different directions • Why do some historians think the Civil War was unavoidable? • What arguments did abolitionists use against slavery? • How did Southerners view slavery? • What were some important differences between the North and the South? Key Terms Union obsolete Prejudice Chapter 10, Section 2 – The Mexican War and Slavery Extension BIG IDEA – The annexation of Texas and the Mexican War of 1846-1848 extended the boundaries of the United States from the Atlantic to the Pacific • What events led to the annexation of Texas? • Why did the United States go to war with Mexico? • Why did the Wilmot Proviso lead to conflict? Key Terms manifest destiny Treaty of Guadelupe-Hidalgo annex Gadsden Purchase Mexican War Wilmot Proviso Chapter 10, Section 3 – New Political Parties BIG IDEA – A congressional compromise failed to end the disagreement over slavery in the territories. Meanwhile, the political party system broke down as new political parties arose. • What were the effects of the Missouri Compromise? • What did the Compromise of 1850 accomplish? • How did political parties change in the 1850s? • Why did Stephen Douglas propose the Kansasa-Nebraska Act? Key Terms Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act Fugitive Slave Act popular sovereignty nativism Chapter 10, Section 4 – The System Fails BIG IDEA – After a series of violent clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces, Americans on both sides of the slavery issue became convinced that the other side was acting against law and morality. • Why did violence erupt in Kansas in the mid-1850s? • How did slavery affect national politics in this period? • What problems did the Lecompton Constitution cause? • What important issues were discussed in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates? • How did John Brown’s raid increase tensions between the North and South? Key Terms Free soiler Lincoln-Douglas Debates Dred Scott v. Sanford arsenal Chapter 10, Section 5 – A Nation Divided Against Itself BIG IDEA – After Lincoln’s election as President in 1860, seven southern states left the Union. In April, 1861, the first shots were fired, and the nation plunged into civil war. • How did the election of 1860 demonstrate the split between the North and the South? • What concerns led the Lower South to secede from the Union? • What event started the Civil War? Key Terms Border states Confederate States of America Lower South Fort Sumter Secessionist Upper South