Download Chapter 9 Review Test

Chapter 9 Review Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following would you expect to see during a nonexplosive eruption?
a. hot debris, ash, and gas shooting into the air
b. molten rock blowing into the air
c. calm lava flows
d. violent explosions
2. Pillow lava
a. forms a brittle crust that would be painful to walk on.
b. has a glassy surface with rounded wrinkles.
c. usually oozes from a volcano.
d. forms when lava erupts under water.
3. Lava with a high viscosity
a. is runny, almost like water.
b. is thick, like pudding.
c. smells like sulphur.
d. dries smooth and glassy.
4. Large blobs of magma that harden in the air are called
a. volcanic ash.
c. volcanic blocks.
b. volcanic bombs.
d. lapilli.
5. A shield volcano
a. is sometimes called a stratovolcano.
b. has a jagged surface.
c. has gently sloping sides.
d. forms when lava erupts underwater.
6. A cinder cone volcano
a. has gently sloping sides.
b. is formed by explosive and nonexplosive eruptions.
c. erodes over thousands of years.
d. has steep slopes.
7. A combination of explosive and nonexplosive eruptions will create a
a. shield volcano.
c. cinder cone volcano.
b. composite volcano.
d. plateau volcano.
8. A large depression that forms when the magma chamber partially empties is a
a. crater.
c. caldera.
b. rift.
d. cinder cone.
9. Which of the following best describes subduction?
a. movement of tectonic plates away from each other
b. movement of one tectonic plate against another
c. movement of one tectonic plate under another
d. side-by-side movement of two tectonic plates
10. A dormant volcano
a. is currently explosive.
b. might erupt again.
c. usually erupts once each year.
d. has never erupted.
11. An extinct volcano
a. will probably erupt in the near future.
b. will probably erupt in the distant future.
c. will probably never erupt again.
d. has probably never erupted.
12. An active volcano
a. has never erupted.
b. will blow smoke but never erupt.
c. is currently erupting or will erupt very soon.
d. will erupt in 100 years.
13. Where are volcanoes most likely to form?
a. near the center of continents
b. along bodies of water
c. along plate boundaries
d. in mountainous areas
14. Molten rock deep underground often gathers in a
a. vent.
c. landslide.
b. magma chamber.
d. caldera.
15. Lava that is very runny probably
a. has a low silica content.
b. is hotter than most lava.
c. has been cooled below the surface.
d. comes from explosive volcanoes.
16. If the water content of magma is high,
a. a nonexplosive eruption is most likely.
b. probably no eruption will occur.
c. an explosive eruption is more likely.
d. then the temperature at its center is low.
17. When you talk about the viscosity of lava, you are talking about
a. the lava’s temperature.
c. how the lava looks.
b. how the lava flows.
d. the lava’s weight.
18. Which type of lava flows most like dripping wax?
a. aa lava
c. blocky lava
b. pillow lava
d. pahoehoe lava
19. Cool, stiff lava that forms jumbled heaps of sharp chunks near the vent is called
a. pahoehoe lava.
c. blocky lava.
b. lapilli.
d. aa lava.
20. Which type of pyroclastic material gets its name from a word that means “little stones”?
a. blocky lava
c. pahoehoe lava
b. volcanic bombs
d. lapilli
21. The pyroclastic material that can reach the upper atmosphere and circle the Earth for years is
a. pahoehoe lava.
c. lapilli.
b. aa lava.
d. volcanic ash.
22. The three main types of volcanoes are
a. shield, pahoehoe, and vented.
b. cinder, cone, and composite.
c. cinder cone, lapilli, and caldera.
d. shield, composite, and cinder cone.
23. The depression created when the roof of a magma chamber collapses is called a
a. caldera.
b. crater.
c. lava plateau.
d. lapilli.
24. Rock begins to melt when
a. both pressure and temperature decrease.
b. both pressure and temperature increase.
c. temperature increases and pressure decreases.
d. temperature decreases and pressure increases.
25. Most active volcanoes form
a. far from bodies of water.
b. where tectonic plates collide.
c. where tectonic plates separate.
d. where tectonic plates move back and forth.
26. When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the oceanic plate is usually subducted because
a. continental plates move more quickly than oceanic plates.
b. oceanic crust is denser and thinner than continental crust.
c. oceanic crust is denser and thicker than continental crust.
d. continental crust is denser and thinner than oceanic crust.
27. The volcanoes of Hawaii and other places far from tectonic plate boundaries are known as
a. calderas.
c. hot spots.
b. mid-ocean ridges.
d. viscous volcanoes.
28. Lava that has a fluid, runny consistency probably
a. has a low silica content.
c. has been cooled below the surface.
b. is hotter than most lava.
d. comes from explosive volcanoes.
29. Volcanic activity is common along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This activity occurs at a
a. mantle plume.
c. divergent boundary.
b. subducted plane.
d. break in the continental crust.
30. What is most likely to happen if the water content of magma is high?
a. A nonexplosive eruption will occur.
c. An explosive eruption is likely.
b. No eruption will occur.
d. Pressure will decrease.
31. What is pyroclastic material?
a. magma that blasts into the air and hardens
b. magma that remains underground too long
c. molten rock
d. lava that flows underwater
32. Mount Rainier and Mount St. Helens are
a. shield volcanoes.
c. composite volcanoes.
b. cinder cone volcanoes.
d. calderas.
33. The type of magma that often produces a violent eruption can be described as
a. thin due to high silica content.
c. thin due to low silica content.
b. thick due to high silica content.
d. thick due to low silica content.
34. When lava hardens quickly to form ropy formations, it is called
a. aa lava.
c. pillow lava.
b. pahoehoe lava.
d. blocky lava.
35. Mount St. Helens, in Washington, covered the city of Spokane with tons of ash. Its eruption would most likely be
described as
a. nonexplosive, producing lava.
b. explosive, producing lava.
c. nonexplosive, producing pyroclastic material.
d. explosive, producing pyroclastic material.
36. A theory that helps to explain the causes of both earthquakes and volcanoes is the theory of
a. pyroclastics.
c. climatic fluctuation.
b. plate tectonics.
d. mantle plumes.
37. As you move northwest through the Hawaiian Islands, the age of the islands increases. The older islands are
northwest of the newer islands because they
a. ages faster than those to the east.
b. formed first and were moved away from the hot spot.
c. were made of less lava than the southeastern islands.
d. formed from old, recycled, silica-rich magmas.
38. In an eruption in 1915, Mount Lassen in northern California blasted a boulder larger than a grown man a distance
of 5 km! This was a(n)
a. lava flow.
c. fissure eruption.
b. nonexplosive eruption.
d. explosive eruption.
39. A volcano is more likely to erupt nonexplosively if its magma
a. has a high water content.
c. has a low silica content.
b. has a high carbon dioxide content.
d. All of the above
40. Magma that has a high silica content
a. has a thin, runny consistency.
c. has a thick, runny consistency.
b. has a thick, stiff consistency.
d. has a thin, stiff consistency.
41. Gases escape from a low-silica magma ____ from a high-silica magma.
a. more easily than
c. less easily than
b. at the same rate as
d. None of the above
42. A silica-rich magma tends to cause an explosive eruption because it
a. has a thick, stiff consistency.
c. tends to harden in the volcano's vent.
b. flows slowly.
d. All of the above
43. Which lava erupts underwater, forming rounded lumps?
a. pahoehoe
c. blocky lava
b. aa
d. pillow lava
44. Which pyroclastic material is the largest?
a. volcanic blocks
c. lapilli
b. volcanic bombs
d. volcanic ash
45. Which pyroclastic material consists of large blobs of magma that harden in the air?
a. volcanic blocks
c. lapilli
b. volcanic bombs
d. volcanic ash
46. Which pyroclastic material consists of pebble-like bits of magma that become solid before they hit the ground?
a. volcanic ash
c. lapilli
b. volcanic bombs
d. volcanic blocks
47. A ____ forms when a magma chamber that supplies material to a volcano empties and its roof collapses, causing
the ground to sink and leaving a large circular depression.
a. crater
c. lapilli
b. lava plateau
d. caldera
48. A ____ is formed when magma erupts from long cracks in Earth's crust and spreads evenly over large areas of
Earth's surface.
a. caldera
c. lava plateau
b. vent
d. crater
49. Magma rises toward the surface of the Earth because it is ____ the surrounding rock.
a. denser than
c. as dense as
b. less dense than
d. None of the above
Use the diagram to answer the questions.
50. According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest?
a. Loihi
c. Kauai
b. Hawaii
d. Molokai
51. Where would the most active volcano be located on this diagram?
a. Maui
c. Oahu
b. Kauai
d. Hawaii
Matching
Correctly match the parts of a volcano.
a. A
b. B
c. C
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
d. D
e. E
f. F
crater
pyroclastic flow
vent
conduit
magma chamber
tephra
Match each letter that appears on the diagram with the correct feature below.
58. Laccolith
59. Dike
60. Lava flow
61. Sill
62. Volcano
Match each type of volcano with the correct illustration or description below.
a. shield volcano
c. composite volcano
b. cinder-cone volcano
63.
64.
65.
Chapter 9 Review Test
Answer Section
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C
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D
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NAT: B.2
NAT: B.2
MATCHING
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B.2
B.2
B.2
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B.2
B.2
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UCP2 | D3
UCP2 | D3
UCP2 | D3
UCP2 | D3
UCP2 | D3
63. ANS: A
64. ANS: B
65. ANS: C
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
NAT: UCP1 | D1 | D3
NAT: UCP1 | D1 | D3
NAT: UCP1 | D1 | D3